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　　(Health Times reporter Wei Chuannan Health Times special correspondent in Beijing Chest Hospital Li Yun)In the past 20 years, more than 8,000 patients have been consulted after operation, and various premonitions before the onset of myocardial infarction have been found.

　　Professor Zhang Jian, director of the Heart Center of Beijing Chest Hospital, has always maintained a habit in his clinical work for more than 20 years. After each patient has finished the operation, he should ask them what improvements their bodies have made after the operation, what symptoms appear and what symptoms disappear. This question is more than 8,000 cases.

　　Among these more than 8,000 patients, he accidentally discovered many phenomena that were not mentioned in textbooks. An old gentleman, who had never opened his eyes for eight years, suddenly opened his eyes after heart surgery. A lady suddenly lost her hearing. After the stent operation, her hearing magically recovered. A middle-aged man was dizzy for more than two years. I don’t know how many times I ran to the neurology department, but I couldn’t find anything wrong. Later, after an operation for heart discomfort, my head suddenly became dizzy … …

　　"When a heart problem occurs, it is generally believed that there is chest pain. But in fact, heart problems can be manifested in the whole body, dizziness, headache, hearing loss, tinnitus, heavy eyelids, blurred vision, soreness and numbness in the left lower limb, and a feeling of chest banding. Symptoms may occur from head to toe, making heart problems hidden and complicated. It is difficult to diagnose, and patients are in danger and cannot be diagnosed, thus causing accidents. " Director Zhang Jian reminded that when there is a problem with the heart, the symptoms are sometimes unexpected.

　　Accidental rehabilitation

　　Heart surgery solved the eye problem.

　　There was an old man who found Director Zhang Jian because of angina symptoms. After doing cardiac angiography for the old man, he was diagnosed with high stenosis of the anterior descending branch and needed stent surgery.

　　Before the operation, the old man’s son said that he hadn’t opened his eyes for eight years. Anyway, he needed to be hospitalized for this operation. Could you please ask an ophthalmologist for a consultation, first cure his eyes and then treat his heart?

　　After seeing the old man’s condition, the ophthalmologist diagnosed trichiasis. Simply put, eyelashes grow into the eyes, which irritates the cornea and makes the eyes hard to open. He said, "This treatment is simple. Let the old man go to the eye clinic for a minor operation and pull it out."

　　As a result, the old man was pushed out again after ten minutes in the clinic. The doctor said that I had to open his eyelids and pull out his eyelashes with tweezers to operate on him, but I couldn’t open the old man’s eyelids, and the strength was too great. I closed them immediately after opening them.

　　His son said, in this case, let’s treat the heart first. At ten o’clock that day, Director Zhang Jian finished the heart stent surgery for the old man. At twelve o’clock, Director Zhang Jian went to the ward to visit him. When he entered the door, he was very surprised because the old man’s eyes were open!

　　"This surprised me, because we didn’t do any treatment for the old man’s eyes during the operation. Therefore, I concluded that his eye problem was caused by heart ischemia, the blood supply to the heart was restored, the blood supply to his eye nerve was normal, and his eyelids were opened. " Director Zhang Jian introduced that this is the first patient he encountered with eye symptoms caused by cardiac ischemia.

　　A few years later, Director Zhang Jian met two very similar patients in the outpatient clinic. The first sentence of a woman who came to see a heart attack was, "Director Zhang, my eyelids are so heavy these two days that I can’t open them if I don’t want to. I feel like my eyelids weigh a few thousand pounds, and then I feel bored and weak."

　　As soon as Director Zhang Jian heard this, he thought of the old man before, so he gave her a piece of nitroglycerin in the clinic. After a while, the lady said, "Oh, my eyelid used to weigh 1,000 kilograms. Now it’s very easy. I can lift my eyelid!" .

　　Among Zhang Jian’s patients, not only the eye problems recovered unexpectedly after heart surgery, but also the ear problems of the patients, which were solved unexpectedly after heart surgery.

　　Ms. Su from Shandong once received a business trip and wanted to go to Hangzhou. Before boarding the plane, her hearing was normal, but after getting off the plane, her ears suddenly could not hear clearly.

　　At that time, she was examined in the otolaryngology department of a hospital in Hangzhou and was diagnosed with sudden deafness. After returning home from a business trip, Ms. Su went to the otolaryngology department of a hospital in Shandong. The doctor said that her condition was not sudden deafness, but hearing loss, and introduced an expert who was good at microvascular decompression.

　　When Ms. Su heard about it, she immediately contacted the expert. The expert first operated on Ms. Su’s left ear. As a result, after the operation, Ms. Su’s left ear was not only deaf, but also completely deaf. Now she didn’t dare to continue to operate on her right ear. She was afraid that both ears would be completely deaf, so she had to go home.

　　After a while, Ms. Su found something wrong with her cardiovascular system in a physical examination. Under the introduction of others, she found Director Zhang Jian, who performed heart stent surgery for her.

　　On the second day after the operation, Ms. Su was surprised to find that her hearing recovered. It turned out that her sudden hearing loss in both ears was a signal from heart ischemia!

　　Director Zhang Jian explained that the nerve distribution of the eyes, ears and cardiovascular system has certain correlation. When the cardiovascular system has problems due to atherosclerosis, it may affect the blood supply of the nerves in the eyes and ears, which may cause heavy eyelids and ischemic deafness. Therefore, the early signs of heart problems may be manifested as symptoms in these two places, which need attention.

　　Run the wrong department

　　Visiting respiratory experts turned out to be a heart disease.

　　From Hong Kong to Shenzhen, and then to Beijing, Mr. Li couldn’t breathe because of his chest discomfort. He went to several hospitals and was diagnosed with health problems, asthma and pneumonia respectively. It was not until he met Director Zhang Jian in Beijing Chest Hospital that he realized that his heart was out of order.

　　This gentleman was met by Director Zhang Jian during a consultation with his colleagues. At that time, director Zhang Jian was originally arranged to see another old man with heart discomfort. Mr. Li, who is in his 40 s, asked the director of respiratory department to look at the lung film for him to diagnose his illness.

　　When the respiratory expert saw that Director Zhang Jian was there, he said, "Heart and lung are not separated. Let’s take a look at this film." Director Zhang Jian said: "I don’t understand lung disease, so I won’t watch the film. I’ll ask about it."

　　When chatting with patients, Director Zhang Jian learned that he suddenly felt uncomfortable in his chest a few months ago. "Do you know the feeling of being entangled in transparent tape? My chest is now like being wrapped in a circle of scotch tape. It is very uncomfortable and I can’t breathe. " The patient said that he has a habit of getting up at six o’clock every morning and running for half an hour. This uncomfortable feeling will be fine as soon as he runs, but after he comes back from running for half an hour, he feels that his chest is turned up by scotch tape.

　　Mr. Li’s main career is in Hong Kong, so he went to see a doctor in Hong Kong first. The doctor gave him the conclusion that his health was fine. He didn’t believe it. How could he be fine if he was out of breath? He went to Shenzhen again, and then to Beijing. The doctors basically gave two opinions. One was asthma, but after Mr. Li was treated according to the asthma plan, his breath became more serious. Another opinion was pneumonia. He heard that Beijing Chest Hospital was better and came.

　　When Director Zhang Jian heard this, he thought that Mr. Li’s problem might not be his lungs, but his heart. He explained: "This symptom can’t be pneumonia, because inflammation is a substance, and it is impossible to walk for a while. Like this patient, it is not uncomfortable to run, but uncomfortable to run, so it will not be inflammation."

　　So, he asked the patient to go to the pharmacy to get nitroglycerin, and did a nitroglycerin test for him in the clinic. It took only four minutes, and he stood up from the sofa and said, "Director Zhang, the tape wrapped around my chest has disappeared!"

　　Later, after examination and diagnosis, Mr. Li was diagnosed with myocardial ischemia. After the operation, the feeling that his chest was twisted with tape never appeared again.

　　Regret death

　　Ignoring the heart distress signal from the leg

　　Heart problems will also be manifested as leg symptoms first, which was discovered by accident by Director Zhang Jian after an operation.

　　A friend called Director Zhang Jian one day and said that a relative in his hometown had a narrow anterior descending branch of his heart and wanted to see him for surgery. Director Zhang Jian agreed. After the cardiac stent surgery for patients, Director Zhang Jian routinely went to the ward to ask the patients what symptoms had improved. "This is my habit. I have to ask in detail about each of my more than 8,000 surgical patients. What improvements have been made after surgery, what symptoms have appeared, which symptoms have disappeared, and the summary of many symptoms can only be found after I continue to ask after surgery." Director Zhang Jian explained.

　　However, the patient replied, "There is no place to feel the symptoms relieved." Director Zhang Jian asked, "If you think about it again, isn’t there anything better in your body than before?" The patient thought about it, and said, "If you ask me, I think the problem on my leg has gone to 80%. In the past, my leg was uncomfortable and sore. I went to see a doctor everywhere in my hometown, went to the orthopedics, did CT, did MRI, looked at the lumbar spine, and checked the blood vessels, nerves, muscles, etc., but I didn’t find any problems. Later, I went to see a Chinese doctor, and I tried massage, acupuncture and cupping, but it didn’t improve.

　　Director Zhang Jian was deeply impressed by the patient’s answer, because he had never met a similar patient before, so in a later community clinic, he told the residents the patient’s story to remind everyone to pay attention to the heart distress signal from his leg.

　　After listening to Director Zhang Jian’s talk, an old lady made a special trip to find Director Zhang Jian after the lecture. She said, "You are right. My wife died like this a few years ago. He was fine when he got up that morning. In the morning, he suddenly said that his left leg was uncomfortable, painful, numb and bloated. Because of the severe pain, he and I went to the hospital to see a doctor with an orthopedic number and opened a lot of examinations. As a result, in the evening, people died. I quickly did an electrocardiogram and found out that it was a heart problem, but it was too late, and my wife died that night. " The old man regretted that if he had learned this knowledge before and went to the cardiology department in time that day, the outcome might be different.

　　"Of course, not all pain in the left leg is angina pectoris." Director Zhang Jian suggested that some leg pains can rule out heart problems.

　　Before that, he also treated a 76-year-old gentleman, saying that his leg hurt badly, especially his left leg, and he could hardly touch the ground, let alone exert himself. When brushing his teeth, he can only stand on his right leg, and sometimes he can’t persist in urinating, but his right leg is fine. The old man said that he had an angiogram six months ago, and there was about 70% stenosis, but he didn’t do it at that time. Recently, however, I have always been flustered, sweating, and blurred vision. He suspected that he was angina pectoris and came to the clinic.

　　Director Zhang Jian asked the old man to lie down and check. First, he lifted his right leg to 70 degrees, so Director Zhang Jian lifted his left leg again. Before it reached 30 degrees, the old man twisted with pain and could not raise it any more. The old man was given nitroglycerin, and his leg pain did not relieve. After reading his previous examination results, Director Zhang Jian basically determined that the pain in the old man’s left leg was caused by lumbar disc herniation and nerve compression. Lying flat and lifting your legs should not exceed 30 degrees, which is a typical symptom. Taking nitroglycerin has not alleviated it, and it can basically be ruled out that it is a heart problem.

　　Although the old man’s leg pain has nothing to do with his heart, Director Zhang Jian judged that the old man’s heart still has some problems, because the occasional blurred vision is a manifestation of insufficient blood supply to the brain. The stenosis of the anterior descending branch leads to a large area of heart ischemia, which will lead to a drop in blood pressure and blurred vision. The duration of his blurred vision is consistent with the characteristics of myocardial ischemia. In addition, the old man’s heart rate is too fast to reach more than 180, which will also lead to cerebral ischemia. Because of the complicated reasons for the high heart rate, Director Zhang Jian further made relevant examinations for him to clarify his condition.

　　Director Zhang Jian explained that the pain in the left leg did appear in some patients with myocardial ischemia. After improving the blood supply to the heart through treatment, the pain in the left leg disappeared. For this patient, although it was ruled out that leg pain was caused by myocardial ischemia, other heart problems were found in time.

　　Periumbilical pain

　　High-risk groups should suspect angina pectoris.

　　Director Zhang Jian reminded that the heart is like the main valve of human blood vessels. When there is a problem with this valve, the blood supply of many branches may be affected, so it is the first to send an alarm signal in other places. If you receive these signals and see a doctor in other departments, you can’t find the obvious reason. Don’t be careless. You must go to the cardiology department for examination and check the heart problems.

　　A Shandong patient, because of the pain around the umbilicus, looked for an expert in the digestive system to see a doctor. He first checked the digestive system in a local hospital and found no problems. I went to the provincial hospital for gastroscopy and enteroscopy, even capsule gastroscopy, and found nothing unusual. Later, he turned around and found Director Zhang Jian.

　　"When I saw this patient, I thought of a patient with periumbilical pain who had been rescued before. The patient was in a hurry. He began to have a stomachache after going out for a walk in the morning. At first, I thought it was a stomachache. Later, the pain around the navel became more and more intense, and I called 120 to the emergency department of a nearby hospital. In the emergency department, the patient was in his 50 s, with stomachache, cold weather and low body temperature, and he was highly suspected of angina pectoris. He was soon given an electrocardiogram, which really showed acute inferior myocardial infarction. Based on the principle of urgency, the ambulance sent him to me. Do coronary angiography, and sure enough, the right crown is 100% occluded! After the thrombus aspiration, the patient’s periumbilical pain disappeared on the operating table. "

　　Director Zhang Jian said that because of his previous experience, as soon as the Shandong patient arrived here, he first considered that he might also have angina pectoris. Later, angiography showed that 99% of his circumflex branch was occluded. After revascularization, his periumbilical pain quickly disappeared.

　　Director Zhang Jian explained that the recovery of myocardial blood supply and the disappearance of abdominal pain are synchronized in time, which means that some patients’ angina pectoris is manifested by periumbilical pain. Therefore, he reminded that periumbilical pain should be highly suspected of angina pectoris for high-risk groups with myocardial infarction!

　　The data show that the number of sudden cardiac death in China exceeds 500,000 every year, and 95% of sudden cardiac death occurs outside the hospital, and 80% of them occur at home. Therefore, early detection of symptoms of myocardial ischemia is very important for saving lives in time. Director Zhang Jian reminded us that we should open our minds to the understanding of myocardial infarction and angina pectoris, and not just focus on distressed chest tightness. If you are a high-risk group and have the above strange symptoms, you must have more strings in your mind. Is it a heart problem? Perhaps, the problem of a long struggle will be solved.

Reporter’s notes

　　Because of frequent communication with patients, Director Zhang Jian not only found strange signs of myocardial infarction, but also knew what patients needed and what patients could understand. It is also in this exchange that Director Zhang Jian found that everyone’s knowledge of heart health is far from enough. Therefore, he basically holds a lecture in the outpatient hall of the Heart Center of Beijing Chest Hospital every week, with the theme of popularizing heart health knowledge. "I hope that through the lecture, everyone will have a string in their minds. When there are some symptoms that seem to have nothing to do with the heart, we should think about whether there is something wrong with the heart, even if we go to the community to do an electrocardiogram nearby, sometimes we can avoid some accidents."

　　Director Zhang Jian’s lecture site is often packed. The existing chairs in the outpatient hall are all full, and many people are still standing in the back row. After more than an hour of lectures, few people leave halfway. Some old people even put on reading glasses and take out paper and pens to record carefully. "Director Zhang is the doctor who knows the most about health knowledge." An audience member said that listening to Director Zhang Jian’s lecture on health science is not boring, just like listening to a story. After listening to the story, the heart knowledge is also remembered.

CCTV News:The Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft was aimed at launching at 8: 59 pm on April 25, and the spacecraft took off at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on the Long March II F-18 rocket. Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, astronauts of Shenzhou 18, started their space journey.

Dream by Dream and Universe China Xingchen

The National Space Administration announced the latest progress of the International Lunar Research Station.

On April 25th, the National Space Administration announced the latest progress of the International Lunar Research Station. China’s lead organization of the International Lunar Research Station has attracted more than 10 countries and institutions to join, and it is planned to build the basic model by 2035, with the lunar south pole as the core to carry out lunar environmental exploration and resource utilization test verification, and the extended construction with the lunar orbit station as the hub, and it is planned to be completed by 2045.

Long March 8 launch vehicle releases new configuration

On April 25th, the Long March 8 series launch vehicle released a new configuration. The new configuration is named Long March 8 A carrier rocket, which adopts double booster configuration, and its carrying capacity is increased from 5 tons to 7 tons in the original configuration. The fairing has a larger diameter, which can complete the launching task of more specifications and loads, realize multiple satellites with one arrow, and further enhance the launching capability of China’s low-orbit satellite network.

China’s intellectual property protection has achieved great success.

The reporter learned from the press conference of the State Council Press Office held on April 24th that the quantity and quality of intellectual property creation in China have been improved, the intensity of intellectual property protection has been continuously strengthened, and the social satisfaction of intellectual property protection has reached a new high.

According to China National Intellectual Property Administration, in 2023, China authorized 921,000 invention patents, approved 4.383 million registered trademarks and registered 11,000 layout-designs of integrated circuits. According to the Global Innovation Index Report 2023 released by the World Intellectual Property Organization, the number of the top 100 global science and technology clusters in China has reached 24, ranking first in the world for the first time.

At the same time, the protection of intellectual property rights in China has been continuously strengthened. In 2023, China investigated and handled 44,000 cases of patent and trademark violations, 68,000 administrative cases of patent infringement disputes and 4,745 cases of copyright infringement and piracy, and the social satisfaction of intellectual property protection rose to 82.04 points, a record high.

According to reports, China is speeding up the formulation of the implementation plan for the construction project of intellectual property protection system, focusing on the shortcomings and weaknesses in intellectual property protection, and proposing a series of effective measures from seven aspects, including policy standards, authorization and confirmation, law enforcement and justice, protection management, social co-governance, safety governance and capacity support, to further strengthen intellectual property protection.

According to the relevant person in charge of the State Administration of Markets, on April 16 this year, the General Administration of Markets issued the Implementation Plan for the Special Enforcement Action of Protecting Intellectual Property Rights (2024— In 2025), a two-year special campaign will be launched nationwide, which will further strengthen the enforcement of intellectual property rights. The person in charge of the Copyright Administration of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China said that it will support law enforcement departments at all levels to carry out copyright enforcement, continue to carry out special actions such as "Sword Net Action", youth copyright protection season, and crack down on the illegal recording and dissemination of cinema films, highlight the investigation of major cases and the governance of key industries, and constantly optimize the copyright protection environment.

Expanding the "exhibition matrix" of high-level opening to the outside world has achieved fruitful results.

2024 Zhongguancun Forum opens in Beijing.

On the morning of April 25th, 2024 Zhongguancun Forum opened in Beijing. The theme of this year’s forum is "Innovation: Building a Better World". From 25th to 29th, nearly 120 events will be held.

This forum has set up five sections, including forum meeting, technology transaction, achievement release, frontier competition and supporting activities. The guests discussed around the hot spots of science and technology.

This forum will also hold activities such as technology fair to build a trading and sharing platform for more than 3,000 scientific and technological achievements from more than 40 countries and regions.

The number of overseas buyers attending the 135th Canton Fair exceeded 180,000.

As of 17: 00 on April 25th, more than 180,000 overseas buyers from 214 countries and regions attended the 135th Canton Fair offline, an increase of 21.6% over the same period of last year.

117 world premiere cars appeared in auto china.

On April 25th, 2024 auto china opened, and 117 new cars were unveiled, including 30 cars launched by multinational companies. New energy vehicles accounted for more than 80% of the first new cars, and nearly 20 new energy brands made their debut. During the same period of the auto show, many industry summits, trade negotiations, procurement matching meetings and other activities will be held.

The last joint training before the opening of the 2024 Chengdu World Expo.

The 2024 Chengdu World Horticultural Exposition will open on April 26th. On April 25th, the organizing committee held the last joint training before the Expo, and all the volunteers and traffic safety services for the Expo have been put in place. During the 186-day session, more than 1,000 volunteers will participate in the operation of the park and provide voluntary services such as guidance and consultation for Chinese and foreign tourists.

Promote the high-quality development of energy to a higher level

Shanxi’s coalbed methane production in the first quarter accounted for more than 80% of the national total in the same period.

On April 24, the reporter learned from Shanxi Energy Bureau that in the first three months of this year, the total output of coalbed methane in Shanxi Province reached 3.07 billion cubic meters, up 11.8% year-on-year, accounting for about 80.8% of the national output in the same period. Coalbed methane, commonly known as "gas". It is a dangerous "killer" in coal mining. At the same time, it is also a clean energy and strategic resource that the calorific value is 1-4 times higher than that of general-purpose coal, and combustion hardly produces any waste gas, and countries all over the world are scrambling to develop and utilize it. Shanxi is a province with high enrichment degree and great development potential of coalbed methane resources in China. The exploration and development plan of coalbed methane resources in Shanxi Province (2021— 2025) shows that the predicted resources of coalbed methane with a depth of 2000 meters in Shanxi Province are about 8.31 trillion cubic meters, accounting for nearly one-third of the country.

In the first quarter, the proportion of new installed capacity of non-fossil energy power generation exceeded 90%

The reporter learned from China Electric Power Enterprise Association that in the first quarter of this year, the installed capacity of power generation in China increased by 69.43 million kilowatts. Among them, the installed capacity of new non-fossil energy power generation is 63.76 million kilowatts, accounting for 91.8% of the total installed capacity of new power generation. Power installed capacity continues the development trend of green and low carbon.

China’s major power engineering construction will be reported again.

Recently, China’s first "Shagehuang" wind power base is an extra-high voltage power transmission project — — The Ningxia section of the "Ningdian Entering Hunan" line project officially started the construction of conductor stringing, which marked that the "Ningdian Entering Hunan" project entered a new stage.

On April 23rd, the Ningxia section of the 800 kV HVDC transmission project from Ningxia to Hunan started the construction of conductor stringing in Shangliushui Village, Xutao Township, Zhongning County. The construction workers installed the tight wires and accessories at an altitude of more than 50 meters. Previously, electric workers used 12 different types of tensioners and tractors to spread six wires to the tower synchronously. This stringing work will simultaneously cross three transmission lines, namely, the 750 kV II circuit from the Yellow River to Baiyin, the 110 kV Ningxing line and the 330 kV Bai ‘an line.

The Ningxia section of the "Ningdian Entering Hunan" line project is 258 kilometers long, with 495 new iron towers, 68% of which pass through desert, Gobi and desert, and the lines cross over many. From August to November this year, they will also carry out construction across the Yellow River, railways, expressways and transmission lines with different voltage levels. The project is scheduled to be completed and put into operation in 2025. After the project is put into operation, the annual power transmission will be 36 billion kWh to 40 billion kWh, which is equivalent to the average person in Hunan Province getting about 600 kWh of Ningxia power every year.

The central government issued 1.416 billion yuan for agricultural disaster prevention and relief.

On April 25th, the Ministry of Finance, together with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, issued 1.416 billion yuan of disaster prevention and relief funds for agricultural production from the central government, supporting 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) including Heilongjiang and Henan, and Beidahuang Agricultural Reclamation Group to carry out prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of wheat, rice and corn, as well as locusts and red imported fire ants in agricultural areas, so as to provide support for high grain yield throughout the year.

The special campaign to rectify "self-media" bottomless traffic was launched.

Recently, the Central Network Information Office launched "Clear and Clean ‘ Since the media ’ No bottom line traffic "special action. The special campaign lasted for two months, focusing on five aspects, such as rectifying self-directed and self-directed fraud, unscrupulously speculating social hotspots, and setting topics in a general way to create a clean and honest cyberspace.

　　Cctv newsAt present, world economic and trade growth is slowing down and external uncertainties are increasing. However, looking at the economic data of foreign trade, China’s foreign trade exports still show a good momentum of contrarian growth. This fully shows that the basic trend of China’s economic stability and long-term improvement has not changed.

　　According to the data of the General Administration of Customs, the total import and export value of China’s goods trade in 2019 was 31.54 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.4%. Among them, the export of goods was 17.23 trillion yuan, an increase of 5%; The trade surplus was 2.92 trillion yuan, an increase of 25.4%. China is expected to continue to maintain its position as the largest country in global trade in goods.

　　Behind the exciting data is the strong resilience, potential and room for maneuver of China’s economy.

　　China is the largest manufacturing country in the world, with a complete, independent and complete modern industrial system. The output of more than 220 kinds of industrial products in China ranks first in the world, and domestic industries provide strong support for the development of foreign trade.

　　China also has a large number of foreign trade enterprises. In 2019, there were as many as 499,000 foreign trade enterprises with actual import and export activities.

　　It is worth mentioning that in 2019, China’s private enterprises’ exports increased by 13%, imports increased by 8.4%, and the proportion of exports reached 51.9%, surpassing foreign-invested enterprises for the first time and becoming China’s largest foreign trade subject.

　　… … … …

　　Sheng Laiyun, deputy director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said in an interview with Focus Interview: "This fully shows that, first, the policies and measures adopted by the China government to stabilize foreign trade according to the changes in the situation are powerful and effective; Second, China products are competitive. "

　　In 2019, the export of mechanical and electrical products in China was 10.06 trillion yuan, up 4.4%, accounting for 58.4% of the total export value. Among them, the export of electrical and electronic products was 4.63 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.4%; The export of machinery and equipment was 2.87 trillion yuan, up by 1.4%.

　　China’s export trade has achieved contrarian growth, thanks to the deepening of supply-side structural reforms. According to the column of Economic Daily, only by strengthening independent innovation, speeding up industrial upgrading and actively adapting to the world market demand can we build more and better brands in China. Liu Qiao, dean of Guanghua School of Management, Peking University, also said: "China has participated in the global industrial division of labor for decades, and has accumulated many core competitive advantages over the years."

　　On September 6, 2018, in the railway container yard of Manzhouli Port, the staff of the shunting team was commanding the trailer. Manzhouli, Inner Mongolia, has developed into an important transportation hub on the Eurasian logistics channel relying on its geographical advantages.

　　While improving core competitiveness, the contrarian growth of foreign trade also benefits from the continuous expansion of trade scale between China and countries along the "Belt and Road". From 2014 to 2019, the trade value with countries along the Belt and Road totaled more than 44 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 6.1%. China has become the largest trading partner of 25 countries along the route.

　　At present, China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage. It is necessary to further deepen the supply-side structural reform and foreign trade system reform, stimulate the institutional vitality and innovation potential, and promote China’s foreign trade development to achieve "three transformations" — — From factor-driven to innovation-driven, from scale and speed to quality and efficiency, from cost and price advantages to new competitive advantages.

　　Under the strong momentum of foreign trade export growth, continuing to do a good job of "six stabilities" and promoting the high-quality development of China’s trade is not only a strong support for the high-quality development of China’s economy, but also a strong support for economic globalization and the multilateral trading system.

Catalogue

　　The first part of the 2024 annual departmental budget.

　　I. Description of departments

　　Second, the income budget.

　　III. Explanation of Expenditure Budget

　　Four, the financial allocation of "three public" funds budget.

　　V. Other explanations

　　VI. Explanation of Nouns

　　The second part of the 2024 annual departmental budget report

　　I. Summary of Income and Expenditure

　　II. Summary of income

　　III. Summary of Expenditure

　　Fourth, the project expenditure table

　　Five, the government procurement budget list

　　VI. Summary of Financial Appropriations and Income and Expenditure

　　Seven, the general public budget expenditure table.

　　Eight, the general public budget financial allocation basic expenditure table

　　Nine, the government fund budget expenditure table.

　　Ten, the state-owned capital operating budget financial allocation expenditure table

　　Eleven, financial allocation "three public" expenditure table

　　Twelve, the government purchase service budget financial allocation list

　　XIII. Performance Target Table of Project Expenditure

　　Fourteen, the overall expenditure performance target table

The first part of the department budget in 2024.

　　I. Description of departments

　　(a) the nature and responsibilities of the department, etc.

　　The National Centre for the Performing Arts (NCPA) is a municipal and bureau-level institution established in accordance with the Letter on Issues Related to the Establishment of the NCPA (No.41 [2007] of the Beijing Municipal Organization Committee Office). As the highest performing arts center in China, the National Centre for the Performing Arts will adhere to the tenet of "people’s nature, artistry and internationality" and take "art changes life" as its core value concept, and strive to become an important member of internationally renowned theaters; The highest hall of national performing arts; The leader of art popularization education; The largest platform for cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries; An important base for cultural and creative industries.

　　(II) Institutional setup

　　The National Centre for the Performing Arts (NCPA) is a municipal and bureau-level institution established in accordance with the Letter on the Organizational Establishment of NCPA issued by the Office of the Organizational Establishment Committee of Beijing Municipality (No.41 [2007] of Beijing Office). It mainly includes performance department, repertoire production department, art creation center, stage technology department, brand promotion center, marketing department, development cooperation department, art popularization education department, art exchange department, film and television program production department, art data center, art department, field affairs department, office, party and mass work department, human resources department, finance department, audit department, security department, information center, engineering department, administrative department and Taihu Dance Art Center.

　　(3) staffing and actual situation

　　There are 699 people in the National Grand Theatre, and there are 523 people. There are 434 employees. There are 44 retirees, including 0 retirees and 44 retirees.

　　Second, the income budget.

　　The revenue budget for 2024 is 1,279,447,300 yuan, an increase of 230,242,200 yuan or 21.94% compared with the budget of 1,049,205,100 yuan at the beginning of 2023. The main reason is the linkage of "one hospital and three sites", which is expected to increase the box office revenue and ensure the operation of Beijing Art Center.

　　(1) The revenue from financial allocation this year is 667,848,300 yuan.

　　1. The general public budget revenue is 667,848,300 yuan.

　　2. The budgetary allocation income of government funds is 0,000 yuan.

　　3. State-owned capital operating budget appropriation income is 0 million yuan.

　　(II) Income from other funds this year is 547,806,800 yuan.

　　4. The financial account management fund income is 0 million yuan.

　　5. Business income is 544,183,900 yuan.

　　6. The superior subsidy income is 0,000 yuan.

　　7. The income paid by the affiliated unit is 0,000 yuan.

　　8. The operating income of public institutions is 0,000 yuan.

　　9. Other income is 3,622,900 yuan.

　　(III) The balance carried forward from the previous year was 63,792,200 yuan.

　　10. The balance carried forward from the previous year was 63.7922 million yuan.

Figure 1: Revenue Budget

　　III. Explanation of Expenditure Budget

　　The expenditure budget in 2024 was 1,279,447,300 yuan, an increase of 230,242,200 yuan or 21.94% compared with the budget of 1,049,205,100 yuan at the beginning of 2023. The main reasons are: implementing the plan of "one hospital and three sites" to ensure the opening and operation of Beijing Art Center.

　　(1) Basic expenditure. The basic expenditure budget is 402,751,000 yuan, accounting for 31.48% of the total expenditure budget, an increase of 7,235,400 yuan or 1.83% compared with the budget of 395,515,600 yuan at the beginning of 2023.

　　(2) Project expenditure. The project expenditure budget is 876,696,300 yuan, an increase of 223,006,800 yuan or 34.12% compared with the budget of 653,689,500 yuan at the beginning of 2023.

　　Among them:

　　1. The operating expenditure of public institutions is 0,000 yuan.

　　2. Pay the expenditure of 0,000 yuan to the superior.

　　3. Subsidy expenditure for affiliated units is 0,000 yuan.

Figure 2: Basic Expenditure and Project Expenditure

　　(3) The balance of funds carried forward at the end of the year is 0,000 yuan.

　　Four, the financial allocation of "three public" funds budget.

　　There is no "three public" budget for the department in 2024.

　　V. Other explanations

　　(a) the government procurement budget

　　In 2024, the total government procurement budget of the National Grand Theatre was 181,506,600 yuan, including 94,061,600 yuan for goods, 9,559,200 yuan for projects and 77,885,800 yuan for services.

　　(two) the government purchase service budget.

　　In 2024, the national grand theatre government purchased services with a total budget of 0,000 yuan.

　　(3) An explanation of the operating expenses of the organ

　　This department is not within the statistical scope of the operating expenses of the organs.

　　(four) the project expenditure performance targets.

　　In 2024, the National Centre for the Performing Arts reported 85 budget items with performance targets, accounting for 100% of the 85 budget items of this year. The project expenditure budget for reporting performance targets is 812,904,100 yuan, accounting for 100% of the project expenditure budget of this department this year.

　　(five) the key administrative fees.

　　This department has no key administrative fees in 2024.

　　(six) the financial allocation of state-owned capital operating budget.

　　This department has no budget for financial allocation of state-owned capital operating budget in 2024.

　　(seven) the occupation of state-owned assets.

　　By the end of 2023, there were 7 vehicles in the National Centre for the Performing Arts, totaling 1,653,700 yuan; There are 477 sets of equipment with a unit value of more than 500,000 yuan, totaling 992,179,100 yuan. In the budget arrangement for 2024, 26 sets of equipment with a unit value of more than 500,000 yuan were purchased, totaling 105,909,600 yuan.

　　VI. Explanation of Nouns

　　Basic expenditure: refers to personnel expenditure and public expenditure incurred to ensure the normal operation of institutions and complete daily tasks.

　　Project expenditure: refers to the expenditure incurred to complete a specific administrative task or career development goal in addition to the basic expenditure.

　　Government procurement: The use of fiscal funds by state organs, institutions and organizations at all levels to purchase goods, projects and services within the legally formulated centralized procurement catalogue or above the procurement quota standard is an effective measure to standardize the management of fiscal expenditure and strengthen budget constraints.

The second part of the 2024 annual departmental budget report

CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue six early warnings on February 21, and it is expected that the large-scale rain, snow and freezing weather in the central and eastern regions will continue on February 21 and enter the strongest period of rain and snow.

According to reports, as of noon on the 21 ST, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued six warnings for the third consecutive day, which is extremely rare in the same period. Among them, the orange warning of cold wave is the highest level, and the warning of blizzard is upgraded from the 20th to yellow. Weather such as freezing rain or ice particles may affect at least seven provinces. With the unusually strong warm and humid airflow, it is easy to induce strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and short-term heavy rainfall. This year, the blue warning of strong convective weather was released obviously early, and the subsequent cooling mainly appeared in the south.

Li Ning, a meteorologist from China Meteorological Bureau, explained that the cumulative temperature drop in some parts of southern China will reach or even exceed 20 degrees Celsius. After the temperature drop, there will be frequent rain and snow, which will lead to the continuous significant low temperature in Henan, Hubei, Hunan and other places. The main duration is from 23rd to 27th, so we should pay attention to keeping warm. In addition, the yellow warning of blizzard will continue to take effect on February 21, and some areas in Shandong, Henan and Hubei will continue to encounter heavy snowstorms. On the south side of the blizzard area, at least seven provinces from Guizhou to Jiangsu will be threatened by freezing weather, among which the freezing rain in Hubei and Hunan will last longer, so we must be vigilant.

In addition to the snowstorm and freezing weather, we can see that the weather changes very frequently in the next six days, such as Wuhan and Changsha. In the next five or six days, it will almost be rainy and snowy every day. Changsha has the longest freezing rain, and Wuhan will also have such complicated precipitation phases as freezing rain, snowfall and rainfall after heavy snowfall.

Experts said that among many forms of precipitation, ice particles and freezing rain are relatively rare, which is related to the thickness of the warm layer in the air. When ice crystals and snowflakes in the high air pass through the warm layer, they will melt. If they re-freeze before reaching the ground, they will fall to the ground as ice particles. When cold water drops at about 0 degrees meet the ground at about 0 degrees, they will quickly freeze and form freezing rain, which is the main cause.

According to the weather situation, Li Ning, a meteorologist of China Meteorological Bureau, said that freezing rain will quickly freeze after it falls to the ground, and with the freezing rain continuing, the thickness of ground ice will continue to increase, which has a greater impact on traffic. In addition to the impact on road traffic travel, it will also cause the wires to be covered with ice, so the impact of freezing rain is even greater for high-speed rail travel and air travel.

Emergency Management Department: Hubei, Henan and Anhui launched a four-level emergency response to low-temperature rain, snow and freezing disasters.

In view of the wide influence of the large-scale freezing process of rain and snow, the complex phase of rain and snow and the large area of freezing rain, the emergency management department launched a four-level emergency response to low-temperature freezing rain and snow disasters in Anhui, Henan and Hubei yesterday (20th).

On February 20th, the Office of the National Disaster Prevention, Mitigation and Relief Committee and the Emergency Management Department, together with the China Meteorological Bureau, continued to organize joint consultations, video dispatching Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hubei and other provinces, and targeted deployment of prevention and response work in key areas.

At present, it is at the peak of Spring Festival travel rush’s return trip, and the risk of low-temperature rain, snow and freezing disasters is high. At 12: 00 on February 20th, the emergency management department launched a four-level emergency response for Anhui, Henan and Hubei. Relevant regions are required to pay close attention to weather changes, strengthen organizational leadership and overall coordination, give play to the leading role of disaster reduction committees or special command agencies, strengthen joint consultation, judgment and departmental coordination, strengthen emergency rescue forces and materials preset and dispatched, make all preparations for disaster relief in advance, and make every effort to deal with sudden dangers and disasters. The Office of the National Disaster Prevention, Mitigation and Relief Committee sent working groups to Henan, Anhui and Hubei to help guide the prevention and response work.

No.22 [2001] of Guangdong Government Office

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

Forwarding the State Council General Office to the State Council Economic Restructuring Office and other departments.

Notice on rectifying and standardizing the opinions of the pharmaceutical market

　　

People’s governments of cities, counties and autonomous counties, and relevant units directly under the provincial capital:

　　Now, with the consent of the provincial people’s government, we will forward the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Opinions of the State Council Economic Restructuring Office and other departments on rectifying and standardizing the drug market (No.17 [2001] of the State Council, hereinafter referred to as the Notice) to you, and now we put forward the following opinions, please implement them together.

　　First, rectifying and standardizing the drug market is an important measure to standardize the drug circulation order and promote the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry. People’s governments at all levels and relevant departments should strictly follow the spirit of the the State Council Notice and the arrangements of the provincial party committee and government for rectifying the market economic order, intensify the rectification of the pharmaceutical market, and severely crack down on illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling counterfeit and inferior drugs. Governments at all levels should be serious and responsible, resolutely oppose all forms of local protectionism, take practical and effective measures, strengthen supervision of the drug market in their respective jurisdictions, and investigate and deal with all kinds of illegal and illegal drug trading.

　　Two, all levels of health, price, economy and trade, drug supervision, Chinese medicine and other departments should improve the centralized bidding and purchasing system of drugs, and strengthen the supervision of drug bidding and purchasing behavior and price. This year, the main drug varieties of medical institutions at or above the county level in the province should be fully purchased by centralized bidding, and the bidding volume of drugs should reach more than 50% of the usage. On the premise of not exceeding the maximum retail price stipulated by the government, the winning drugs can be priced according to the difference rate stipulated by the bid price; Most of the benefits of reducing drug prices through bidding procurement should benefit patients. All relevant departments should strive to improve the transparency of drug prices. For drugs with market-regulated prices, it is necessary to gradually print retail prices on drug packaging, so as to clearly mark prices. Resolutely crack down on indiscriminate price increases or low-price dumping, maintain normal drug price order, and effectively protect the vital interests of the people.

　　Three, all localities should combine this year to carry out the "anti misleading, false" advertising market governance special action, comprehensively rectify the drug advertising market order. Focus on the control of illegal, illegal, unscientific, exaggerated efficacy, deceiving consumers; Severely punish acts that interfere with people’s rational and safe use of drugs, and standardize the release order of drug advertisements. Those who publish false drug advertisements after investigation shall be punished according to law.

　　Four, rectify and standardize the drug market is an important work related to people’s health and social stability and development. Governments at all levels and relevant departments should, in combination with the actual situation of their own departments in the region, pay close attention to formulating implementation plans to ensure that all measures to rectify and standardize the drug market are implemented.

General Office of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government

April 19th, 2001

General Office of the State Council forwarded the State Council Economic Restructuring Office and other departments.

Notice on rectifying and standardizing the opinions of the pharmaceutical market

Guo Ban Fa [2001] No.17

　　

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

　　The State Council Economic Restructuring Office, the State Planning Commission, the State Economic and Trade Commission, the Ministry of Health, the State Drug Administration and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce "Opinions on Rectifying and Regulating the Drug Market" have been approved by the State Council, and are hereby forwarded to you, please implement them carefully.

General Office of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

March 10, 2001

Opinions on rectifying and standardizing the pharmaceutical market

The State Council Economic Restructuring Office, State Planning Commission and State Economic and Trade Commission

Ministry of Health, State Drug Administration and State Administration for Industry and Commerce

(January 19th, 2001)

　　In order to further implement the spirit of the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Guiding Opinions of the State Council Economic Restructuring Office and Other Departments on the Reform of Urban Medical and Health System (No.16 [2000] of Guo Ban Fa), deepen the reform of pharmaceutical production and circulation system, promote the transformation of functions of relevant government departments, strengthen supervision, treat both the symptoms and root causes, intensify the rectification of the pharmaceutical market, standardize the order of the pharmaceutical market, and promote the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry, we hereby put forward the following opinions:

　　First, crack down on illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling counterfeit and inferior drugs.

　　All regions and relevant departments should continue to crack down on the illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and inferior drugs on the basis of conscientiously implementing the notice of the State Council on launching joint action to crack down on illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and inferior commodities (Guo Fa [2000] No.32). For major and important cases of manufacturing and selling fake and inferior drugs that have been discovered, drug supervision, public security, industrial and commercial administration, supervision and other departments should trace back to the source, thoroughly identify manufacturing and selling dens, circulation channels, storage places, sales places and people involved, eliminate the root causes of manufacturing and selling fake and inferior drugs, resolutely punish criminals and disciplinary personnel, and especially punish the chief criminals and recidivists who manufacture and sell fake and inferior drugs and constitute crimes quickly and severely according to law. Drug supervision and other departments should adhere to the combination of centralized rectification and strengthening daily supervision, strengthen market supervision and deepen reform, combine counterfeiting with supporting excellent enterprises, improve the drug quality supervision system and inspection system, and purify the drug market environment.

　　Two, the rectification of all kinds of illegal and illegal drug business behavior.

　　It is necessary to take practical and effective measures to comprehensively strengthen the management of drug market access, rectify all kinds of illegal and illegal drug sales, ban unlicensed drug sales and illegal transactions, and investigate and deal with giving and receiving kickbacks and other commercial bribery in drug purchase and sale activities. In the work of banning drug markets, it is necessary to implement the responsibility system of local governments and resolutely oppose various forms of local protectionism. Relevant parties should unify their thinking, cooperate with each other, consolidate the achievements of rectifying the pharmaceutical market, and properly handle the aftermath. If the banned illegal drug trading market turns dark or resurfaces, it should continue to be severely cracked down and severely punished. If the problem is serious, the relevant localities, departments and their responsible persons should be held accountable.

　　Three, strictly implement the drug management system of separating government from enterprise.

　　Drug supervision and other relevant departments shall, in accordance with the requirements of the Notice of the State Council on Approving the Reform Plan of Drug Supervision and Management System in National Medical Products Administration (Guo Fa [2000] No.10), follow the principle of separating government from enterprises, separating supervision and law enforcement from industry management functions, highlighting supervision and management, being unified and efficient, and being consistent in responsibilities and rights, speed up the reform of drug supervision and management system and improve the drug supervision and management system. Drug supervision and other departments should be completely decoupled from their affiliated pharmaceutical companies or pharmaceutical institutions affiliated in various forms and names, and should not maintain economic interests with any pharmaceutical institutions. In the development of pharmaceutical industry and enterprises, we should support and play the role of industry self-regulatory organizations.

　　Four, promote the development and alliance of superior pharmaceutical enterprises.

　　Resolutely break departmental or local monopolies, ownership restrictions and administrative protection that hinder fair competition, adjust policies and regulations that are not conducive to giving full play to the positive role of market mechanisms, establish a drug quality management monitoring system organized by relevant state departments, cancel repeated testing, repeated examination and approval, and repeated issuance of "quasi-sales licenses" for pharmaceutical enterprises in various places, and cancel restrictions on pharmaceutical enterprises in other regions from entering the local drug market in the name of filing and registration. We should give full play to the role of market mechanism and optimize the structure of pharmaceutical industry. It is necessary to create an environment of fair competition, support superior pharmaceutical enterprises to expand their business scale through acquisitions and mergers, promote the development of marketing methods such as drug agency distribution and chain operation, and form a number of cross-regional, large-scale, intensive and high-level pharmaceutical enterprise groups to play a key role in drug production and circulation.

　　Five, reverse the situation of low-level duplication of drug production.

　　Local people’s governments at all levels should make up their minds to rectify small pharmaceutical factories and shut down a number of small pharmaceutical factories that pollute the environment, waste resources, do not conform to industrial policies and industry development plans, have low-level redundant construction, fail to meet GMP standards for pharmaceutical production enterprises or fail to operate normally. Drug regulatory authorities should clean up and rectify the hospital preparation room, and hospitals that can normally supply preparations in the market shall not repeat production, and hospitals that do not have preparation conditions shall not be renewed.

　　Six, clean up and rectify the drug circulation enterprises

　　Cleaning up and rectifying drug circulation enterprises should be combined with the work of drug business renewal. Drug circulation enterprises that have an imperfect quality assurance system, irregular business practices and fail to meet the conditions for renewal shall not be renewed; Drug circulation enterprises that are insolvent, on the verge of bankruptcy, or fail to meet the quality management standards (GSP) for drug business within a certain period of time will be resolutely disqualified; Drug circulation enterprises that cannot operate drugs normally and mainly rely on renting office buildings, warehouses and other properties to survive should be rectified, and those that engage in illegal investment operations should be investigated and punished according to law until their drug business licenses are revoked.

　　Seven, improve the centralized bidding system of drugs.

　　The health department should standardize the management of drug use in medical institutions, expand the varieties of drugs purchased by centralized bidding, and gradually bring the main drug varieties into the scope of centralized bidding and purchasing. Strict examination and management should be carried out on important links in drug procurement by tender, such as bid evaluation methods and the composition of expert database for the whole society, so as to ensure the openness, fairness and impartiality of drug procurement by tender. Health, drug supervision, price authorities and other departments should supervise the bidding and purchasing behavior and price of drugs. The retail price of drugs purchased by bidding should be reasonably set based on the actual purchase price. The benefits of reducing drug prices through bidding should mainly benefit patients, and medical institutions can share a certain proportion.

　　Eight, promote the electronic trading of medical commodities.

　　Establish and improve the electronic trading system of medical commodities certified, supervised and managed by relevant government departments, actively promote the electronic trading of medical commodities, give full play to the role of electronic trading system as a bridge between drug production, circulation and consumption, communicate information in time, realize fast trading, and use this system to entrust centralized bidding and purchasing of medical commodities, bring trading behavior into a standardized and open track, and correct unhealthy trends in the purchase and sale of medical commodities from the system.

　　Nine, strengthen the construction of rural drug supply network

　　It is necessary to effectively solve the problem of lack of regular and stable drug supply channels in the vast rural areas and strengthen the construction of rural drug supply networks. Encourage large and medium-sized pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises to merge with small pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises, extend the sales network to the county level, and develop rural drug sales outlets to facilitate farmers to purchase drugs. Promote centralized bidding and purchasing drugs through rural health service network. In remote areas, rural health service management can also be integrated, and township hospitals can purchase drugs for rural doctors in a unified way to prevent counterfeit and inferior drugs from flowing to rural areas and ensure the safety of farmers’ medication.

　　Ten, the implementation of separate accounting and management of medicine.

　　Health departments and medical institutions at all levels should actively implement the policies and measures of separate accounting and management of medicines, and strictly implement the relevant provisions on the management of two lines of revenue and expenditure. On the basis of standardizing financial subsidies and adjusting the price of medical services, the outpatient pharmacy of medical institutions will be gradually changed into a pharmaceutical retail enterprise, with independent accounting and tax payment according to regulations, and equal competition with social retail pharmacies will promote the socialization, specialization and intensification of drug circulation, improve efficiency and reduce costs.

　　Community health organizations, outpatient departments and individual clinics can only distribute commonly used and first-aid drugs approved by provincial health and drug supervision departments. Health and drug supervision departments should pay close attention to formulating the catalogue of commonly used and first-aid drugs and related management measures, and implement the above measures as soon as possible at the grassroots level.

　　Eleven, accelerate the implementation of the classified management system of prescription drugs and over-the-counter drugs.

　　Drug supervision and other departments should actively cooperate, improve policies, standardize and manage the sales of prescription drugs as soon as possible. On the basis of ensuring safety and effectiveness, in order to meet the needs of people’s self-care, speed up the selection of over-the-counter drugs and expand the circulation channels of over-the-counter drugs. Class B OTC drugs can be sold in retail stores of daily necessities upon approval.

　　Twelve, improve the management of new drug research and approval.

　　It is necessary to revise the standards of new drugs and encourage the research and innovation of new drugs. If the technical content is not high and the research and production are repeated at a low level, the drug regulatory authorities should strictly check and not approve the production. Those who resort to deceit in the approval of new drugs should be dealt with severely according to law. The policies and regulations, working procedures and time limits of new drug approval management should be open to the public and subject to social supervision.

　　Thirteen, increase the intensity of drug price supervision.

　　Gradually implement the system of drug price publicity and the system of printing retail prices on drug packaging, and increase the supervision of drug prices. This work starts with some drugs with market-regulated prices and is gradually extended to all kinds of drugs sold in China. It is necessary to make it clear that the price stipulated by the state is the highest price limit, and to retail drugs in hospitals or pharmacies, it is allowed to sell or print the price below but not above the public price.

　　Fourteen, strengthen the supervision and management of drug advertising.

　　Drug regulatory authorities at all levels and administrative departments for industry and commerce should conscientiously implement the spirit of the Notice of the State Drug Administration and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce on Strengthening the Examination and Management of Prescription Drug Advertisements (No.14 [2001] of the State Administration of Medicine) and gradually stop advertising prescription drugs in the mass media. Drug regulatory authorities should strictly examine all kinds of drug advertisements in accordance with the relevant provisions, and supervise and inspect their daily publication and broadcasting. If illegal or illegal drug advertisements are found, they should take timely measures to deal with them accordingly. The administrative department for industry and commerce should intensify the investigation and punishment of illegal and illegal drug advertisements, and effectively regulate the release order of drug advertisements.

　　Fifteen, comprehensively implement the measures to rectify and standardize the drug market.

　　Rectifying and standardizing the pharmaceutical market is related to the vital interests of the broad masses of the people, to the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry and health undertakings, and to the overall situation of reform, opening up and stability. All regions and relevant departments should attach great importance to it, strengthen leadership, unify their thinking, raise awareness, overcome local and departmental departmentalism, and comprehensively use legal, economic, administrative and public opinion means in a spirit of being highly responsible to the country and the people to conscientiously rectify and standardize the drug market.

　　All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in accordance with the above opinions and in combination with the actual situation in the region, pay close attention to formulating implementation plans, make careful arrangements and organize them carefully to ensure that all measures to rectify and standardize the drug market are implemented. The relevant departments of the State Council will timely supervise and inspect the implementation of this opinion in various regions.

Phoenix Network Science and Technology News On February 19th, WeChat official account, a US delegation, issued a document saying that an information system related to rider social security is being built.It is expected to be implemented in the second quarter of 2025, and gradually pay social security for full-time and stable part-time riders.

Meituan said that in order to actively build a harmonious labor relationship, Meituan conscientiously implemented the protection of riders’ rights and interests and continued to promote the social security work for riders according to the characteristics of new employment forms and the actual needs of new employment groups.

Meituan said that since July 2022, under the guidance of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Meituan has taken the lead in launching a pilot project of occupational injury protection for new employment forms, and has invested 1.4 billion yuan to pay occupational injury insurance premiums for all riders in seven pilot provinces and cities, which will further cover all riders in all provinces and cities in the future.

Since last year, Meituan has made a serious study on social security schemes such as paying old-age insurance for riders, selected different cities in different regions for in-depth research, and formed a preliminary pilot scheme under the guidance of relevant departments..

[Disclaimer] This article only represents the author’s own views and has nothing to do with Hexun. Hexun.com is neutral about the statements and opinions in this article, and does not provide any express or implied guarantee for the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the contents. Readers are requested for reference only, and please take full responsibility. Email: news_center@staff.hexun.com.

　　At the Los Angeles Convention and Exhibition Center, gamers are experiencing virtual reality (VR) devices. Bright pictures/vision china

　　With the establishment of virtual reality technology (VR) laboratory in Alibaba, Stormwind TV released the first VR TV, Huawei announced its first generation of VR glasses products, and the VR industry also rose. It can be predicted that in the near future, the wide application of mobile Internet, big data and other information technologies will promote the further development of VR technology. So how is the so-called virtual reality technology realized?

　　1. Frontier disciplines of integrated application of software and hardware.

　　Virtual reality technology (VR) is a computer simulation system technology to create and experience a virtual world. That is to say, VR uses computers to generate a simulation environment, and uses multi-source information fusion for interactive three-dimensional dynamic visual scene and system simulation of entity behavior to immerse users in this environment. Up to now, there is no universal definition of it in the world, but it can generally be considered that it creates another unreal world that is as real, interactive and immersive as possible for human beings outside the real space by using various human-computer interaction technologies, so that human beings can roam in it, experience the most real virtual space and walk in their dreams without any restrictions.

　　VR has been widely used in new media, aerospace, military, engineering and other cutting-edge scientific and technological fields, and will be more widely used in our daily life as an advanced technical means. Because most of the monitors used by virtual reality in human-computer interaction are helmet-mounted enhanced portable display systems, it is one of the most promising application fields of portable display systems. Users only need to wear virtual reality equipment, such as helmets, glasses, etc., and they can feel all kinds of scenes set in the device.

　　VR system generally includes user control systems, such as human motion monitoring, control devices such as joystick, keyboard and mouse, and simulation feedback systems and processing systems for human senses such as vision, hearing, touch, smell and taste, as well as information display systems perceived by human beings, such as monitors, stereos and three-dimensional seats. Among them, visual and auditory control and simulation are the main development direction of VR at present, and helmet-mounted enhanced portable display system is the main product form used by users.

　　2. Construct a virtual space in advance in the computer.

　　VR is an interdisciplinary subject that relies on a large number of computer software technologies such as artificial intelligence, pattern recognition, graphics, bottom interface and new display technology, field sensor technology, force feedback system, wireless and wired communication technology. In essence, VR is the representation of the real world and the realization of dreams; From a technical point of view, it is a comprehensive application of cutting-edge technologies in the fields of software and hardware and an object-oriented comprehensive technology development.

　　VR enables people to experience a fantastic virtual reality while wearing a helmet-mounted enhanced portable viewing system. In fact, these virtual reality scenes use complex software technology to construct a real virtual space in the computer in advance. Every point in the space has many dimensions of information such as coordinates, colors, normals, logical relationships and so on in X, Y and Z. The computer then determines the position of people in the virtual scene through user input devices such as sensors, joysticks and mice, and finally reproduces the picture to the user’s eyes through the computer, thus creating a virtual space.

　　If such a series of tasks can be connected, and the operation time of the whole system is less than the visual retention time of people, users will have the feeling of roaming in the virtual reality world on the virtual image display screen of the head-mounted enhanced portable display system. VR is to create a virtual environment that makes you feel that this is reality. Entertain and attract you through this fictional reality.

　　3.MR— — Break through the boundary between virtual and reality

　　In addition to VR technology, there is also augmented reality technology, namely AR. Now there are only more than 20 authoritative companies in the world conducting research. Google’s technology is relatively mature, and its goal is to put the virtual world in the real world and interact with it on the screen. This technology was first put forward in 1990. With the improvement of the computing power of portable electronic products, it is expected that its application will be more and more extensive.

　　In essence, AR is the interaction between digital media and the real world. The imaging concept of AR and the immersive imaging experience of VR have created a hybrid virtual reality technology, namely MR, which is based on holographic projection reality. At the Microsoft Developer Summit held in June this year, satyanarayana nadella, CEO of Microsoft, emphasized the importance of its hybrid virtual reality technology equipment — — The correct "opening" way of Hololens is neither a VR helmet nor AR glasses. This hybrid virtual reality device holographically projects computer-generated 3D virtual objects into real space, and the wearer of Hololens can interact with 3D virtual animation in real space and trigger corresponding functions. The imaging principle of this kind of MR equipment is different from that of immersive VR equipment. It projects virtual images into real space, but the imaging effect of the projected holographic 3D images breaks through the boundary between virtual and real world.

　　interlinkage

　　Research and Application of Virtual Reality Technology

　　The focus of NASA’s research on this technology is the real-time simulation of space station manipulation, and they use a lot of cockpit-oriented flight simulation technology. Such as the simulation of the Hubble Space Telescope and the experimental plan of "Virtual Planet Exploration", this project enables the "Virtual Explorer" to use the virtual environment to explore distant planets, and the first goal is Mars.

　　The University of North Carolina is the earliest and most famous university to study virtual reality technology. Their main research includes molecular modeling, aviation driving, surgical simulation, architectural simulation and so on. On the display technology, the university has developed a parallel processing system called Pixel Plane, which helps users to build real-time dynamic display in complex scenes.

　　MIT was originally a pioneer in studying artificial intelligence, robotics, computer graphics and animation. These technologies are the basis of virtual reality technology. In 1985, a media laboratory was established to conduct formal research on virtual environment.

　　The laboratory of man-machine interface technology in Washington Technology Center of the University of Washington plays a leading role in the research of new concepts, and is also conducting research on sensory, perceptual, cognitive and motor control abilities. They introduced the research of virtual reality technology into the fields of education, design, entertainment and manufacturing. For example, Boeing’s V22 transport plane was built in the laboratory before it was put into production.

　　Illinois State University has developed a distributed virtual reality technology system that supports remote collaboration in vehicle design. Engineers from different countries and regions can design in real time through computer networks. In the process of designing a vehicle, various components can share a virtual environment, and can view the video transmission and corresponding positioning direction of any position of the other party. Virtual prototype is adopted in the system, which reduces the time for designing images and new products to enter the market, so that products can be estimated and tested before production, and the quality of products is greatly improved.

　　George Mei Sen University has developed a real-time fluid simulation system in a dynamic virtual environment. In a distributed interactive simulation system, the physical characteristics of complex fluids in the real world are simulated, including simulating ships running across the water, stirring liquids, mixing liquids of different colors, and the influence of rain on the terrain.

　　(Wei Yuejiang)

CCTV News:In recent days, cold waves have hit many places. The National Health and Wellness Commission said that the number of visits to respiratory diseases in China has been relatively stable in recent days, but with the cold wave coming and the temperature dropping, the number of visits to respiratory diseases such as influenza and COVID-19 still fluctuates. The National Health and Wellness Commission and the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention require that vaccination services be continuously optimized and vaccination be continued. Guide all localities to take time-sharing vaccination, extend the vaccination cycle, increase service hours and other convenient services to promote influenza, COVID-19 and other vaccination work.

Tianjin continues to organize vaccination units to increase the frequency of outpatient vaccination on Saturday and Sunday to ensure vaccination sites and personnel. At present, 216 routine clinics in the city have opened weekend clinic days, accounting for about 76% of the total number of routine clinics. At the same time, strengthen the level of intelligent service, and comprehensively promote the use of online appointment vaccination convenience service functions.

Zhao Yongan, Director of Nanyingmen Street Community Health Service Center, Heping District, Tianjin:According to the number of online appointments and the demand of people for on-site consultation, the center fully extended the outpatient time of vaccination in the center. For those who can’t get vaccinated in time or the working hours can’t be arranged, the weekend extension service has also been carried out.

Dezhou City, Shandong Province, conducts real-time monitoring of influenza and other vaccine stocks, and purchases them in time when insufficient information is found. The disease control department released the address, contact number and service hours of vaccination clinics in the jurisdiction to facilitate the people to vaccinate nearby.

Yang Yang, Chief of Immune Prevention Department, Decheng District CDC, Dezhou City, Shandong Province:There are about 5,000 influenza stocks in the whole region. Recently, the stocks have been replenished in time, and 3,000 have been purchased, which can ensure the vaccination demand of residents in the area.

Zhang Jinlan, a resident of Decheng District, Dezhou City, Shandong Province:I didn’t have time to bring my children for injections at work before, because I was busy at work, and now there is a delay at noon, which is very convenient for us to bring our children for injections.

Recently, the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention has continued to guide all localities to evaluate the vaccination demand of influenza and other vaccines, and strengthen the connection between supply and demand with relevant departments to ensure that the supply of influenza and other vaccines is continuous and the people have seedlings to vaccinate. In the inoculation point of Yuanma Town, Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province, the daily inoculation amount has increased recently.

Zhang Ruming, a resident of Yuanma Town, Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province:I’m relieved to get the flu shot, so I don’t have to go to the hospital. I got the flu shot last month, and I came to pneumonia vaccine again today.

He Jinxiu, a resident of Yuanma Town, Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province:They are all played according to the notice of the rural doctor. Children can rest assured that they can play with adults and improve their immunity.

The medical staff reminded everyone that before vaccination, the recipient or guardian should truthfully and fully inform the doctor of his past history and physical health to ensure that his body is in a healthy state, and he can only be vaccinated without relevant vaccination contraindications. After vaccination, if there are serious symptoms, you should report to the vaccination unit in time and go to the hospital if necessary.

Yang Wanqun, Director of Yuanmou County CDC, Yunnan Province:Everyone is the first responsible person for their own health. Therefore, we appeal to the masses to be diligent in ventilation, take more exercise, wear masks in public places, and seek medical advice in time if they have symptoms of cough and fever. At the same time, actively vaccinate.

Focus on key institutions and people to prevent aggregation risks

Schools, nurseries and nursing homes are the key institutions to prevent respiratory diseases, and the elderly and children are the susceptible groups of respiratory diseases. The National Health and Wellness Commission requires primary and secondary schools, kindergartens, nursing homes, social welfare homes and other key places and crowded places to implement measures such as ventilation and disinfection, strengthen health science popularization and health monitoring, and reduce the risk of infection.

Jiangxi, Yunnan, Shaanxi and other places continue to promote the knowledge of disease prevention to teachers and students by carrying out popular science of respiratory diseases into campuses and theme classes, and enhance their awareness of prevention.

Kindergartens, primary and secondary schools all over the country have strengthened the morning check-up and absenteeism registration. When students are found to have symptoms such as fever and cough, they should wear masks for students in time and contact their parents. Education departments and civil affairs departments in Shandong, Henan and other places have strengthened the disinfection of key places such as schools and old-age care institutions, strictly managed the entry and exit of external personnel, and reduced the risk of infection among the elderly and children.

Tang Zhihong, member of the Party Group of Decheng District Education and Sports Bureau, Dezhou City, Shandong Province:At the same time, we will take the initiative to discuss with the health and disease control departments, strengthen information exchange, and jointly carry out risk judgment, prediction and early warning to guide schools to respond scientifically and accurately. We will further urge schools to find out the risk points and loopholes in prevention and control work, ensure that all prevention and control measures are implemented in detail, and protect the health and safety of teachers and students to the greatest extent.

Tianjin requires all schools to establish a high-quality homework design mechanism, and carry out differentiated teaching design according to students’ physical conditions. If students miss more classes due to illness, the teaching progress will be moderately slowed down.

The Ministry of Civil Affairs has made relevant arrangements for the prevention and control of respiratory diseases in old-age care institutions, requiring all localities to keep the green channel for medical treatment in old-age care institutions open, and staff should wear masks when serving, carry out health monitoring every day, and do not take up their posts without illness. Observe the health status of foreign workers such as visitors and couriers. A number of hospitals and institutions for the aged in Xiamen, Fujian Province have strengthened cooperation, and medical staff have carried out professional training on the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases for aged care workers and medical staff, and managed medical services and aged care services in different regions to prevent cross-infection.

Experts give four suggestions on how to protect the elderly.

In the high incidence season of respiratory diseases, how should the elderly protect themselves and try to avoid infection? Experts from China CDC gave four protection suggestions.

The elderly should improve their physical fitness, exercise properly, improve heart and lung function, and at the same time, have a balanced diet, keep enough sleep and improve their immunity.

Develop good habits, such as washing hands frequently, wearing masks scientifically, keeping social distance, etc., to reduce the chance of infection.

Eat more high-quality foods with high protein content and high vitamin content. These foods can not only supplement the energy needed by the human body, but also improve the body’s immunity and resist the invasion of pathogens.

It is recommended to be vaccinated with influenza vaccine, Covid-19 vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine.

The relevant person in charge of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention reminded the public that in addition to influenza vaccine this winter and next spring, pneumococcal vaccine and Covid-19 vaccine are also recommended for the elderly and people with chronic basic diseases. For children, it is suggested that on the basis of continuing to do a good job in immunization planning vaccination, non-immunization planning vaccines such as pneumococcal vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine can also be vaccinated.

If you have had flu-like symptoms, it is still recommended to continue the flu vaccination after you have not been diagnosed and recovered on your own.