Special feature of 1905 film network If you could have a "sweet dream day trip", which day would you choose?In a movie that created a box office myth.The Dream FactoryIn the room, absurd and funny wishes reflect the epitome of all kinds of people in society.

This film, which was broadcast at 13:55 on June 7th, was called the French version of "Party A and Party B" by many China audiences.Sweet dreams and a day trip, in French romance, in a relaxed and humorous way and teasing tone, the goal is to point to love.

The warm yellowed tones render an obvious sense of romance and fantasy. However, the film does not simply express a beautiful emotional experience, but reveals the other side of married life for people under a seemingly beautiful shell.

Nicola Beddoes, a director who loves to discuss marriage, made a private "crossing" trip in the high-concept romantic comedy A Sweet Dream Day, exploring marriage and life under the crisis of middle age.

Victor, the leading actor, is played by Daniel Auteuil, a French acting actor. His reserved performance style has won him the Best Actor Award at Cannes International Film Festival and the French film César Awards for many times.

Daniel Auteuil is similar in age to Victor’s character in the film, perhaps out of empathy for Victor’s middle-aged marriage dilemma. After reading the script of Sweet Dreams, he immediately agreed to play the role of Victor.

Marianne, the heroine, is fanny ardant, who is called "Truffaut’s last muse". Her energy, courage and enthusiasm are no different from Marianne’s free and easy posture.

With the advent of the Internet age, Victor, a cartoonist who was once a smash hit, lost his place. Unwilling to keep up with the trend of the times, he gradually lost his enthusiasm for life and gave up on himself.

On the contrary, Marianne, a wife who is full of freshness and enthusiasm for life, is getting more fashionable as she gets older and younger as she lives.The old couple, who have been married for more than 40 years, are also drifting away because of their different life concepts, which makes their marriage light up.

With the help of his son and friends, Victor, disheartened, picked up a "time-space experience coupon" given to him by his son and decided to accept the mysterious experience provided by "Recalling the Beautiful Company":

Build a realistic scene through movie props, enter the artificially created past time and space of "Dream Day Tour", and go back to the day when I met my wife in a bar in 1974.

At first, Victor was not completely immersed in it. The encounter with the young actress Margot (played by Doria Thillier) made Victor feel the long-lost youth, which made him fall into it.

As he became more and more involved in the drama, the boundary between "virtual" and "real" gradually blurred, and Victor gave Margot, a young actress who played Marianne, more encouragement to break through morality.Victor’s changes in love mood are also peeled off layer by layer.When the passion of the past is gone, how can love and marriage last?

Unlike most movies that praise the romance and beauty of love, A Sweet Dream Day Tour does the opposite. It tells the cruelty of time with romantic filters and exposes the cruelty of love and the complexity of human nature with absurd romantic stories.

"You don’t even know who I am. I’m just a draft, a line, a fragment of the woman you love, because I think you love her. Although you are drifting away from her, you say that she has changed, but you have also changed. Instead of pursuing her in your memory, it is better to explore her beauty, sadness and unknown, starting from this moment. We can’t change others into what we like, we can’t control everything, we must accept disappointment, criticism, ruthlessness and no passion, otherwise we will never go on. No matter how perfect the draft is, it is not real life. "

With the help of Victor’s story of traveling through a time machine, Sweet Dreams suggests that life is not a fairy tale, not every story will eventually have the best ending, and marriage and life in reality have always had five flavors.mixedChen.

At the same time, crossing to 1974 is also of unusual significance to the founders.Nicholas Beddoes, born after 50, entered the film industry at this time.Fanny ardant, the heroine, took the stage that year.

In the 1970s and 1980s, France was in a period of rapid economic development, people’s living standards were greatly improved, and various popular cultures such as movies and music were even more splendid. Whether for the French, the creator or the generation of Victor in the film, the 1970s and 1980s were the golden age in their hearts.

Whether it is the original film title "LaBelle époque" or a large number of nostalgic golden songs and retro fashions appearing in the film, it is full of memories of the good times. The director prepared a time-travel memory for himself while traveling through time for the characters in the play.

There is no time machine in the world after all.Instead of bemoaning and a moment that ought to have lasted for ever and has come and gone before I knew, it is better to live in the present and open a better future.Today, at 13:55, the movie channel will broadcast the French movie "A Sweet Dream Day Tour" for you to find your true love.

　　It takes 23 days from the submission of the application materials to the issuance of the trial by the CSRC. The IPO of Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway") has been experienced in the A-share market with an average initial review period of 9 months and nearly 400 companies waiting in line for listing, which truly shows a "high-speed railway speed".

　　The prospectus published by the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway on October 25, 2019 is 578 pages long, but it has not achieved many disenchantment functions. On the contrary, several "myths" have been added — — For example, there are only 67 employees who are retired, rehired and seconded, and the per capita assets under management are 2.792 billion yuan; More than 50 million train tickets are sold every year, with an average gross profit of 124 yuan per ticket; The company has a long-term loan of more than 20 billion yuan, and the annual interest expense is more than 1 billion yuan, but it is all credit loans without any collateral … …

　　Up to now, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway has been operating safely for more than 8 years, sending 1.1 billion passengers. From the perspective of income, profit and large-scale operation level, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is a well-deserved "golden route". Railways and trains seem to be ordinary means of transportation, but considering their important position in the national economy, many countries in the world have regarded them as the key carriers of economic and political games. In the second half of the 20th century, in order to introduce competition and stimulate development, the railway systems of the United States, Japan, Britain, France, Germany and other countries have experienced long and arduous commercial reforms. In the process of losing its state-owned color, the railway has also produced many innovative operating ideas and commercial products such as "separation of network and transportation" and "Shinkansen".

　　It is not easy to open China railway system with market mechanism. As we all know, in the past, the management and operation of the railway system in China has long concentrated the power of administrative examination and approval, road network and transportation management in the Ministry of Railways. Until around 2000, China started the railway reform, and the Ministry of Railways was divided into the State Railway Administration, which is mainly under administrative supervision, the China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd., which is mainly under the management of several local railway bureaus, and various franchised companies.

　　According to the prospectus, through this IPO, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway hopes to raise up to 50 billion yuan. If the target is achieved, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail will become the sixth largest IPO project in the history of A shares. It is also a phased product of the combination of national will and technological innovation after a long process of exploration, and it bears a crucial mission of China’s railway market-oriented reform: it must be broken in the link of "commercialization verification".

Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail is the most profitable high-speed rail line in China.

　　Double definitions of "golden route"

　　The idea of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway can be traced back to a series of internal discussions in the 1980 s. In 1990, the former Ministry of Railways assembled all the early studies into the "Concept Report of Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Line Scheme", and formally put forward the idea that "China should also build high-speed railway". It was not until April 18, 2008 that the entire Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway was officially started, and it was completed and opened to traffic on June 30, 2011.

　　In the project proposal approved by the State Council in 2006, it was mentioned that the total budget of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway would exceed 160 billion yuan. However, in the feasibility study report released one year later, the construction budget rose to 220.94 billion yuan, equivalent to a cost of 167 million yuan per kilometer. This also makes the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway the infrastructure project with investment scale second only to the Three Gorges Dam since the founding of New China.

　　80% of the lines have to be carried by new viaducts, and the demolition costs involved along the way are the main reasons for the high construction cost of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. The cost of land acquisition and demolition in seven provinces and municipalities directly under the central government across the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway was not confirmed by audit until 2015. According to the contents of the prospectus of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, the total cost of land acquisition and demolition reached 37.099 billion yuan. In addition, according to the prospectus, the construction capital of high-speed railway station reached 1.94 billion yuan.

　　These upfront investments were later directly realized in the form of capital into the shares of provinces and cities along the way in the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway company. At present, in addition to the above-mentioned local shareholders, the other three major shareholders of Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway are China Railway Investment Co., Ltd. (which invested 60.3 billion yuan when it was launched, holding 49.76%), Ping An Asset Management Co., Ltd. (which invested 16 billion yuan when it was launched, holding 11.44%) and National Social Security Fund (which invested 10 billion yuan when it was launched, holding 7.15%).

　　At the initial stage of operation, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is often compared with the "Beijing-Shanghai Express" route invested heavily by Air China, China Eastern Airlines and other airlines, because both of them connect the transportation services of the two most important cities in China. In fact, the difference between them is very obvious — — The Beijing-Shanghai express line is only to realize the rapid direct connection between business travelers in Beijing and Shanghai, and the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail is of great significance to the population flow and regional economy in the areas covered by the site.

　　A working paper (summary paper) published by the World Bank in 2014 also confirms this view — — The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is 1318 kilometers long, but the proportion of passengers who take the whole Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway line from beginning to end is not as high as expected, and the average ride distance is actually about 500 kilometers. If you start from Shanghai, this number can reach Bengbu City in Anhui Province. Starting from Beijing, you can reach Tai ‘an City in Shandong Province.

　　The total population living in provinces and cities along the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway accounts for 27.3% of the national total. The labor force can flow quickly and conveniently, which is conducive to promoting the economic development of provinces and cities along the high-speed rail. In another research report, the World Bank calculated the GDP of Dezhou and Jinan in Shandong Province in 2010, and concluded that the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway boosted the GDP of these two cities by 0.67% to 1.39% and 0.36% to 0.75% respectively in 2015.

　　This may be one of the most intuitive explanation cases of "when a train rings, there are two thousand gold".

　　China version of "separation of network and transportation"

　　A high-speed railway itself is a valuable fixed asset, plus station buildings, electrical equipment, land use rights and a small amount of cash along the line that can be estimated — — These constitute most of the assets of the listed Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail company. The train assets running on this railway belong to the three local railway bureau groups of Shanghai, Jinan and Beijing along the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway.

　　Based on the above division of assets, the relationship between Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Company and railway bureaus along the line is generally a so-called "entrusted transportation" cooperation relationship, that is, the road network company entrusts railway bureaus with trains and workers to complete transportation services. In the transportation industry, this model is called "separation of network and transportation".

　　The idea of "separation of network and transportation" is to separate the railway network infrastructure with resource monopoly from the railway passenger and freight transportation with market competitiveness by setting up their own companies to operate. Its value lies in promoting the maximum utilization of road network resources with the help of increasingly flexible market-oriented passenger and cargo transportation business.

　　Germany is one of the representative countries that implement railway "separation of network and transportation". In addition to the state-owned Deutsche Bahn, there are currently more than 400 private railway operators who can use the German railway network, achieving full competition in the freight and short-distance passenger transport markets.

　　Theoretically, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, as a road network company, has the right to collect the road network service fee from the railway bureau to which the trains operating on the road network belong — — Simple understanding is "toll", but the ticket revenue and the revenue generated by various services on the train belong to several local railway bureaus. In the prospectus, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway directly refers to the local railway bureau as its "customer".

　　This situation is similar to that of long-distance buses running on expressways — — Whether it is empty or full, the highway company will charge the same toll; However, the passenger’s ticket money is handed over to the bus operating company, so what the passenger transport company needs to consider is to improve the attendance rate by improving the service experience, thus driving the continuous growth of ticket revenue.

　　The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway finally implemented a more complicated mode of "separation of network and transportation". As a result, the company not only collected tolls from the local railway bureau, but also had a part of the direct income of train tickets.

　　According to the prospectus, the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Company has signed the Agreement on Train Undertaking of Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway with Shanghai Railway Bureau, Jinan Railway Bureau and Beijing Railway Bureau, and the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway has the service management right of "local trains", so it can obtain the ticket income of these trains.

　　The definition of "local train" by Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway is "a train running on the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway, which starts and ends". Simply explained, the starting station and the terminal station of the train are all stations in a city along the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway, such as Beijing to Nanjing, Jinan to Xuzhou and Tianjin to Shanghai.

　　For the trains on this line, the local railway bureau is the "entrusted service provider" of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway company, and its main income items are the train rental fee and entrusted service management fee paid by the latter (all train service personnel belong to the local railway bureau); At the same time, the local railway bureau does not have to pay "tolls" to the railway bureau.

　　The opposite of "local train" is "cross-line train", which refers to those trains whose starting station or terminal station is not on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, but will pass through (use) a certain section of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. For example, the high-speed trains from Zhengzhou to Nanjing or Beijing to Hangzhou are all over-the-line trains. For cross-line trains, Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Company only participates in the operation as a simple road network operator, and collects "toll" from the local railway bureau to which the train belongs, and all the fare income belongs to the latter.

　　The combined "separation of network and transportation" that "the road network company collects both tickets and tolls" around the operation of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is full of China characteristics. In other words, this is a phased achievement in the long journey of railway reform in China.

　　In fact, along with it, the discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of "separation of network transportation" in the industry has never stopped. On the one hand, this model is recognized, because it faces the intertwined railway operation system from the system. First, it makes a complete cut of "road network resources" and "transportation services". However, it is difficult to see the possibility of introducing other market-oriented railway operation service providers in the short term, so after the above-mentioned cutting, the process reengineering is still implemented among various state-owned companies, which increases the transaction cost and is a negative impact on improving system efficiency.

　　Balanced performance space

　　After the disclosure of the prospectus of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, the outside world marveled at its annual income scale of more than 30 billion yuan. At present, the company’s "local business" and "cross-line business" revenue accounts for basically the same proportion. In the business model, these two parts of income correspond to completely different indicators and models.

　　The income of the "local train" is the fare, and the two indicators that affect the income are the total number of passengers sent and the average fare paid by passengers. However, the prospectus of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway does not directly disclose the average passenger fare, but only discloses the passenger transportation data such as the total number of trains sent, the number of passengers sent, the load factor and the passenger turnover during the reporting period.

　　The main factor that affects the income of "cross-line trains" is the number of trains that purchase services from the road network. According to the prospectus, since the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway line is connected with many high-speed railways such as Jingha, Taiqing and Shanghai-Kunming, and the hub stations along the line are mostly traffic hubs in the eastern region, with the gradual improvement of the high-speed railway network, the corresponding cross-line train income has also increased.

　　Since 2016, the actual controller of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail — — China Railway Corporation, the predecessor of China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd."), has the "pricing power" for high-speed rail, and can implement certain fare fluctuations according to factors such as market competition and passenger flow distribution. In the past few years, although there have been preferential discount tickets for high-speed rail and bullet trains as a whole, the fares of key lines represented by Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail have remained unchanged for many years.

　　A more noteworthy variable is that in recent years, with the introduction of the "Fuxing" train with faster running speed, the opening of long-formed trains that can accommodate more passengers, and the adjustment of the proportion of trains with various formation sizes, the annual total number of passengers sent by trains on this line is steadily increasing, but the daily average number of trains on this line is declining.

　　This idea of small-scale adjustment is believed to continue in the next year or two and become an important variable affecting the company’s revenue and gross profit growth. On the premise that the ticket price is relatively constant, CBN magazine calculated the annual revenue and gross profit growth range of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail in the future. Under optimistic circumstances, it is estimated that the annual growth rate of its revenue will reach 9.34% and the gross profit will increase by 7.55%. Even in a relatively pessimistic situation, the performance can remain stable.

　　The core asset of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway company is the high-speed railway network. Considering the minimum train tracking interval, train speed and other factors, its overall capacity has a theoretical upper limit. In order to maximize the growth of revenue and profit, the company should actually consider how to balance the proportion of local cars and cross-line cars.

　　In the routine inquiry of the CSRC about the prospectus of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, one question is to ask the company to explain whether the second line of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail may form a major horizontal competition relationship with the existing business. As the bidding for related design projects was publicized, the second line of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, which is still in early planning, happened to catch up with the "hot spot" of listing of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail. In order to alleviate the transportation pressure of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, the National Development and Reform Commission announced the development plan of the future high-speed rail in July 2016, and the "Beijing-Shanghai Passage" part involved is the Beijing-Shanghai Second Line. Except the origin and destination stations and Tianjin section are consistent with the current Beijing-Shanghai line, Weifang, Linyi, Huai ‘an, Yangzhou and Nantong on the Beijing-Shanghai second line are all closer to the east coast of China. These two railway lines connecting Beijing and Shanghai will become an important part of the "eight verticals and eight horizontals" long-term planning of China railway network in the future. As more high-speed rail lines are built and merged into the existing network, the utilization rate of the existing Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail line will further increase, but the cost will decrease according to the marginal effect, thus gradually pushing up the gross profit margin.

　　Close to "big profit"

　　In the railway industry, there are so-called "small profits" and "big profits". "Small profit" means that income can offset operating costs, such as labor, energy, depreciation, etc. The "big profit" is based on the investment in railway construction, such as loan interest and principal.

　　Due to the huge construction cost, in addition to the capital invested by the company’s shareholders, high-speed rail projects often rely on a large number of debt financing to fill the gap. When the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway was built, 50% capital and 50% loans and bonds were used to cover the upfront cost of 220 billion yuan. According to the prospectus, as of the end of the third quarter of 2019, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway still has a total of 21.807 billion yuan of long-term loans, of which 1.5 billion yuan will expire within one year; It is estimated that in the whole year of 2019, the company will still have to pay more than 1 billion yuan in interest on the loan.

　　For the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Company, there is a relatively objective profit margin for ticket and road network revenue. According to the prospectus, the current interest guarantee multiple (editor’s note: earnings before interest and tax’s interest expenditure, which is used to measure the company’s basic ability to repay loans) is 16 times. In addition, the company repaid 7.5 billion yuan of long-term loans in advance in 2016, so it is quite promising to achieve the "big profit" goal of "paying interest and repaying principal".

　　But this is only the result of independent inspection of high-speed rail operating companies. Because of the close cooperation between the high-speed rail operating company and the railway bureau, it is difficult to analyze it independently in daily operation, so the influence of the railway bureau should be considered when investigating the overall operation of the high-speed rail line.

　　The prospectus of the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway also disclosed some operation data of 18 railway bureaus under the jurisdiction of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.. Among the three railway bureaus in Beijing, Jinan and Shanghai involved in the line, in 2018, only the Shanghai Bureau had a profit of 1.7 billion yuan, the Jinan Bureau suffered a slight loss, and the Beijing Bureau had a loss of 6.139 billion yuan. The income and profit level of the specific line were not disclosed. And China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.’s total debt level has stabilized at more than 5 trillion yuan.

　　According to the report "China’s High-speed Railway Development" released by the World Bank in mid-2019, if the overall profitability of the lines composed of "corresponding investment from operating companies and railway bureaus" is investigated, many lines with a design speed of 200-250km/h in China can hardly achieve the operation goal of "small profit" at the initial stage of opening. After the line is opened for 10 years, the principal and interest pressure has been significantly reduced, and more than half of the lines with a design speed of 300 to 350 kilometers per hour can achieve "big profits" at the existing passenger traffic level.

　　Of course, there is also the debt borne by local governments for the introduction of high-speed rail. In order to implement the relevant demolition funds, local governments rely heavily on bank loans in addition to using financial funds, which actually further increases their own burden. In 2018, the Development and Reform Commission issued special guidance to warn individual places of the hidden debt risk under the "high-speed rail effect".

　　In the face of such an overall situation of the industry, as a star company entity with annual profits and dividends, IPO financing of 50 billion yuan and "promoting the reform of railway joint-stock system", the economic value of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is remarkable, but it is impossible to copy it.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the sharp weapon for building an agricultural power lies in science and technology. The Central Rural Work Conference held in December, 2024 emphasized that agricultural scientific and technological forces should work together to tackle key problems, accelerate the large-scale popularization and application of scientific and technological achievements, and develop new agricultural productivity according to local conditions.

　　Beijing has thoroughly implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, solidly promoted the strategy of revitalizing the rural areas in the capital, and made every effort to build the Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center. Recently, it issued the Implementation Plan on Further Enhancing the Role of Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration and Production Service System (hereinafter referred to as the Plan), proposing that in the next three to five years, it will improve the city’s agricultural science and technology and production service system, enhance the service effect and the role of linking agriculture with agriculture, and effectively support the development of urban modern agriculture in the direction of high-end, high efficiency and high radiation. This paper will interpret the objectives, eight actions and the main work of the two platforms.

　　First, focus on pain points, difficulties and precise policies

　　Focusing on the pain points of urban agricultural transformation and upgrading, the plan puts forward the overall goal of "three highs": to achieve a high-end, high-efficiency and high-radiation modern agricultural pattern by improving the technology and production service system. Clear the work objectives for the next 3-5 years:

　　1, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

　　Open up the "last mile" of science and technology entering the village, demonstrate and promote leading scientific and technological achievements, and solve the problem of technology landing.

　　2. The service system is more perfect.

　　Improve the rapid docking mechanism between science and technology service departments and production entities, improve service accuracy, and enhance the service effect of linking agriculture with agriculture.

　　3. The service effect has been significantly improved.

　　Realize the development pattern of high-end, high-efficiency and high-radiation modern agriculture, and help the capital agriculture reduce costs, expand markets and increase benefits.

　　Second, the eight major actions support the development of leading agricultural industries in the capital.

　　In order to achieve the above objectives, the "Proposal" puts forward "eight actions" around the principle of "demand-oriented and application-oriented", integrating resources, optimizing layout and improving efficiency:

　　1. Variety upgrading action

　　Focus on food crops, vegetables, forest fruits and other industrial fields, through "research and development transformation-introduction demonstration-popularization and application", screen high-yield and high-quality varieties and optimize production supporting technologies. Five core demonstration sites will be built to demonstrate more than 20 new varieties, with a promotion area of 24,000 mu, and 20% of the grain planting area will be promoted to realize variety iteration.

　　2, soil improvement and quality improvement action

　　Promote the construction of high-standard farmland, strengthen the improvement of cultivated land quality, demonstrate the application of soil remediation and improvement technology, popularize precision irrigation and fertilization in a large area, and carry out demonstration of comprehensive management technology of saline-alkali land around Tianjin and Hebei. Four core demonstration sites were established, in which the content of soil organic matter increased by 20% and the yield of saline-alkali land increased by more than 5%. More than 30,000 mu of precision irrigation and fertilization technology model will be popularized, and 150,000 mu of high-standard farmland will be built.

　　3, large-scale grain crop yield promotion action

　　Demonstration and popularization of high-yield and high-efficiency technology through the integration of "fertile fields, improved varieties, good opportunities, good methods and good systems" Five core demonstration sites were established, and the yield of wheat and corn in the demonstration sites reached 450 kg and 520 kg respectively. High-yield and high-efficiency technical radiation of wheat and corn has driven the application of large-scale producers to more than 200,000 mu, and the yield level of major grain crops in the city has increased by 1% ~ 1.5% year-on-year.

　　4, vegetable industry promotion action

　　Optimize the layout of vegetable industry, promote the transformation of old facilities and the construction of mechanized and intelligent facilities, optimize the agricultural cultivation mode of facilities, promote high-density planting, improve the level of mechanization and simplification of facilities, and demonstrate the application of production modes such as leafy vegetables and aquaponics. Promote large-scale agricultural machinery and agronomy integration of open-field vegetables, and promote the upgrading of main varieties of open-field vegetables. Five core demonstration sites have been established, and the mechanization rate of facility planting in demonstration sites has reached more than 65% and the informatization rate has reached more than 60%. Transform and build more than 5,000 mu of facilities, and integrate and promote more than 4 high-yield and high-efficiency stubble patterns.

　　5, native products and geographical indications product quality and standardized production promotion action

　　Strengthen standardization, digital production management and cultural and creative brand design, tap regional characteristics and cultural connotations, and enhance product quality and brand added value. Six core demonstration sites have been established, and the key quality indicators of products in the demonstration sites have been improved by more than 5%, and the value-added of products has been improved by more than 5%.

　　6, green low-carbon agriculture promotion action

　　Demonstration and application of fertilizer-saving, medicine-saving and energy-saving technologies, promotion of planting and breeding cycle, and demonstration to create a new model of waste-free production in ecological farms. Popularize green fertilizer control technology, optimize fertilizer structure, improve fertilizer utilization rate, and increase the promotion of green prevention and control technology. Four core demonstration sites have been established, and the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in the demonstration sites has reached more than 43%, and the utilization rate of livestock and poultry wastes has reached more than 95%. The coverage rate of soil testing and formula fertilization technology in the city reached 98%, the utilization rate of fertilizer for main crops reached 43%, and the coverage rate of green prevention and control technology for main crop diseases and insect pests reached 78%.

　　7. Landscape Leisure and Urban Agriculture Promotion Action

　　Demonstrate the creation of horticultural landscape scenes, fishery landscape scenes, balconies, courtyards and other horticultural scenes, screen ornamental horticultural plants, build ecological ditches with both water purification and landscape improvement, and integrate the application and demonstration of corresponding agricultural technologies. Six core demonstration sites will be built to create urban agricultural scenes such as terraced fields in Wenyuhe Park and Rose Avenue in Mentougou.

　　8. Smart Agriculture Promotion Action

　　Integrated application demonstration of "sky and land" integrated smart agriculture technology, using the Internet of Things, intelligent equipment, big data and other means to achieve precise operation and intelligent management, and create demonstration application scenarios such as smart greenhouses, smart fields and smart orchards. Five core demonstration sites will be built, and the informatization rate of planting production in demonstration sites will reach over 40%, the utilization rate of planting water, fertilizer and medicine will be increased by over 20%, the informatization rate of aquaculture production will reach over 70%, and the labor force will be saved by over 20%. By 2030, the city’s agricultural production informatization rate is planned to reach about 50%.

　　Third, the platform empowers to build a new ecosystem of science and technology services

　　The "Program" emphasizes the construction of two platforms, namely, science and technology consulting training and science and technology service management, to provide strong support for agricultural science and technology and production services:

　　1, science and technology consulting training platform

　　Integrate expert resources, strengthen agricultural macro-language model training, provide all-weather technical guidance through AI intelligent consultation, select 4-5 key industrial service targets, demonstrate and promote intelligent consultation service systems, and cultivate 2-3 demonstration models. Strengthen online live training and offline training. It is estimated that there will be 65 online live training sessions with 150,000 person-times, organize quality training for key personnel of grass-roots agricultural extension system, and cultivate more than 700 key personnel of agricultural extension with proficient business and excellent service.

　　2, science and technology service management platform

　　Build a big data platform for agriculture and rural areas in Beijing, realize the digital management of the whole business process, promote the exchange and sharing of relevant data between the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the city, promote the integrated application of cities, districts, towns and villages, and strengthen the application of data governance and data mining. Build a four-level science and technology management platform with service base, demonstration base, expert workstation and comprehensive application scenario to realize the comprehensive management of service network, service data and service evaluation.

　　In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the "Implementation Plan on Further Enhancing the Role of Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration and Production Service System", Beijing Agriculture and Rural Bureau will play the role of overall planning, and join forces with the Municipal Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, universities and urban extension units and enterprises to promote the scientific and technological demonstration work. All promotion units will strengthen horizontal cooperation, realize the promotion of the whole industrial chain, and do their best to do a good job in production and service.

　　The promulgation of the "Program" marks that Beijing’s agricultural science and technology demonstration and production services have entered a new stage of systematization, digitalization and precision. In the next step, Beijing Agriculture and Rural Bureau will fully promote the implementation of the Plan, and ensure that the capital agriculture will achieve its phased goals in 2025 and its long-term goals in 3-5 years through the way of "departmental collaboration+policy integration+demonstration and guidance".

　　Generally speaking, the Implementation Plan on Further Enhancing the Role of Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration and Production Service System is an important measure for Beijing science and technology to promote agricultural modernization. Through systematic work reform and innovation, Beijing will improve the agricultural science and technology and production service system, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, improve service accuracy, support the development of urban modern agriculture, and provide a "Beijing model" for the development of urban modern agriculture in China.

　　Recently, Niu Niu (a pseudonym), a 1-year-old child, developed symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea. On the third day, his symptoms did not improve, but he also had a seizure. His parents rushed him to the hospital. Combined with clinical manifestations and examination results, the doctor diagnosed that Niu Niu was suffering from "acute gastroenteritis with benign convulsion". The convulsion was caused by impaired digestive function, while vomiting and diarrhea were infected with rotavirus.

　　After testing, the child’s stool was positive for rotavirus. According to the doctor, rotavirus is mainly transmitted by fecal mouth, and infants with imperfect gastrointestinal function and low immunity are susceptible groups.

　　"Rotavirus is a common epidemic pathogen in children. It often causes gastrointestinal symptoms, such as vomiting and diarrhea. Severe diarrhea can lead to serious electrolyte imbalance and a symptom of dehydration. Rotavirus is also contagious." Jiang Jie, deputy director of pediatrics at Changsha Central Hospital, said.

　　The doctor reminded that families with infants should pay attention to prevention when entering the high incidence period of rotavirus.

　　What is rotavirus?

　　Rotavirus (RV for short) is the main cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children. The main route of transmission is fecal-oral route, and it can also be spread through close contact or respiratory tract. Autumn and winter are the peak seasons of epidemic. Rotavirus is divided into eight groups, which are A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H respectively. Among them, group A is the most common one, and 90% of cases are caused by it.

　　Infants and young children are vulnerable to rotavirus because of their immature gastrointestinal tract and weak defense ability. Group A rotavirus is one of the most important causes of severe diarrhea in infants and young children all over the world, and it is also one of the main causes of death among children under 5 years old in developing countries. Almost all children under 5 years old have been infected at least once.

　　What are the characteristics of rotavirus?

　　1. Epidemic season: mainly in autumn and winter, but it can occur in all seasons.

　　2.
How to spread: Rotavirus is mainly transmitted through faecal mouth. There are a lot of rotavirus in the excrement or vomit of children infected with rotavirus. If food, drink and use are contaminated with viral excrement or vomit, such as hands, clothes and utensils, rotavirus will be directly or indirectly transmitted to others.

　　3.
Susceptible population: Rotavirus is a common cause of viral gastroenteritis in children. Therefore, the incidence population is mainly children, and the high incidence age is between 6 months and 3 years old. Infants and young children at this stage lack anti-bacteria and have poor anti-virus ability, so they need to be vigilant.

　　4. Sources of infection: patients (infectious in acute phase and 4-8 days after illness) and asymptomatic virus carriers (infectious without illness).

　　What is the performance of rotavirus?

　　Sick children will vomit at first, and then have different degrees of diarrhea, mostly accompanied by fever. In severe cases, they will have the clinical characteristics of large stool, more water, more times and less urine.

　　Infected children are generally not too serious. Proper rehydration can heal without medicine. However, when diarrhea (vomiting) is serious, it should not be ignored, and medical treatment should be sought in time.

　　Children will go into shock and even die because of severe dehydration, especially babies younger than 1 year old. A small number of babies infected with rotavirus will also be complicated with myocarditis, convulsions and pneumonia, etc., which should also be paid attention to and treated promptly.

　　Note: If the child’s symptoms do not improve within three days of treatment or any of the following symptoms appear, he should also seek medical attention immediately:

　　① The number and quantity of diarrhea increased;

　　② Frequent vomiting;

　　3 obvious thirst;

　　4 can’t eat normally;

　　⑤ fever;

　　⑥ Blood in stool.

　　How to avoid rotavirus infection?

　　Rotavirus enteritis is a self-limiting disease, which usually heals itself in about a week. The general treatment principle is to prevent and correct dehydration, use drugs rationally under the guidance of doctors and actively prevent complications.

　　How to prevent this disease? Pay attention to these five points:

　　1. At present, there is no specific anti-rotavirus drug. Therefore, vaccination against rotavirus is the most effective measure to prevent rotavirus acute gastroenteritis.

　　2. Babies and their caregivers should develop good hygiene habits, especially pay attention to hand hygiene, and do not touch mouth, eyes, nose and food with dirty hands; Don’t let the baby eat his hands, and clean them in time.

　　3. Pay attention to family hygiene, the room is often ventilated, and the baby’s utensils (bottles, bowls, spoons, etc.) need to be cleaned before use, and the clothes, quilts, toys, etc. should be changed frequently.

　　4. Encourage and insist on breastfeeding.

　　5. Items contaminated by rotavirus should be thoroughly disinfected by high temperature, disinfectant or sun exposure.

　　Reporter: Ye Xuyan integrated the National CDC, China CDC and CCTV.

　　This report is compiled by the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics (hereinafter referred to as the Municipal Bureau of Statistics) in accordance with the requirements of the Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on the Openness of Government Information (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) and the Regulations of Beijing Municipality on the Openness of Government Information (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations).

　　The statistical period of the data listed in this report is from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. The full text includes the key work of government information and government affairs disclosure of the Municipal Bureau of Statistics in 2017, the information disclosure of key areas, the existing shortcomings and improvement measures, as well as the relevant data of government information disclosure such as voluntary disclosure, response interpretation, disclosure upon application, administrative reconsideration, administrative litigation, and complaint reporting.

　　The electronic version of the report can be downloaded from the website of http://www.bjstats.gov.cn Municipal Bureau of Statistics. If you have any questions about this report, please contact: Beijing Statistical Data Management Center (Address: Building 4, No.2 Huaibaishu Street, Xicheng District, Beijing; Postal code: 100053; Tel: 83172556; E-mail: tjgk@bjstats.gov.cn).

　　First, the key work situation

　　In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics thoroughly studied and implemented the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, under the leadership of the Municipal Party Committee, the Municipal Government and the National Bureau of Statistics, and under the specific guidance of the municipal government’s information and government affairs disclosure department, strictly implemented the spirit of the Regulations, conscientiously implemented the requirements of the "Implementation Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting Government Affairs Openness", and further studied and explored the open working mechanism, improved the working system, deepened the open content around the tasks of the city’s statistical center.

　　Open work with system norms. In order to promote the standardization and standardization of public work and promote administration according to law, in 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics revised the "Regulations on the Administration of Government Information and Government Affairs Disclosure of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics" and other public systems, strictly controlled the management of information disclosure attributes, and ensured that the public information was timely and accurate, and the public work was carried out in an orderly manner.

　　Release of statistical data. The Municipal Bureau of Statistics strictly performs the public duties of the department around the release plan. At the beginning of each year, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics publishes a "monthly and quarterly data (information) release plan" on the portal website "Beijing Statistical Information Network", and publishes it in the time and format specified in the plan during the year, so as to fulfill its commitment to the public. In order to further improve the government statistical data release system, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics also released the "Annual Data Release Plan" and "Other Departments Release Plan" for the first time in early 2017. The annual data is released according to the report cycle of different fields, and the earliest release time is February. Other departments release plan "according to the city’s main statistical data production departments in the Municipal Bureau of Statistics for the record of the annual release plan summary, including the relevant departments in the year to release statistical data schedule and release matters, etc., in the country and Beijing are the first time.

　　Interpretation of statistical data. The Municipal Bureau of Statistics pays attention to distributing interpretation while releasing data, helping the public to deeply understand the meaning of statistical indicators, and actively guiding social expectations by using live statistical data. In addition, for the data with high social concern, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics has produced visual products, such as Illustrated Beijing Real Estate Market, Illustrated Beijing Consumer Price Index, and 2017 Beijing Economic Report Card.

　　Construction of new media platform. The Municipal Bureau of Statistics pays attention to the publication and dissemination of statistical data by using modern information technology. Weibo, the official official of "Beijing Statistics", actively promoted the interpretation of data with high social concern such as economy and people’s livelihood by means of micro-live broadcast. In 2017, a total of 1,361 Weibo articles were published. In 2017, "Beijing Statistics" WeChat WeChat official account compiled and distributed a total of 365 graphic messages, over nine of which became the original works of the statistical system, and enriched the information presentation forms by means of diagrams, videos, animations and H5. In 2017, WeChat WeChat official account opened a new statistical service platform, where the public can query data, conduct online learning and retrieve report guides through the mobile phone.

　　Second, the disclosure of key areas

　　Meetings on major livelihood issues are open. The Municipal Bureau of Statistics establishes an open system for government meetings, and explicitly invites representatives from relevant fields to attend as nonvoting delegates on issues of great people’s livelihood and high social concern, so as to achieve openness to the society. The third national agricultural census, as the 2017 municipal government passbook project undertaken by the Municipal Bureau of Statistics, is an investigation involving major livelihood issues. In November 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics invited representatives from all walks of life, such as the Municipal People’s Congress, CPPCC members, experts and scholars, and the news media, to attend the director’s office meeting, participate in the discussion of census data development and research work plan, listen to the opinions and suggestions of representatives from all walks of life on the subject direction, budget and dissemination of results, and disclose relevant information through the portal website within 3 working days after the meeting.

　　Release of economic operation. The Municipal Bureau of Statistics adheres to the spokesperson system and organizes quarterly press conferences to inform the media about Beijing’s economic operation. In 2017, Beijing’s economy maintained a steady and positive development trend, structural adjustment continued to advance, new kinetic energy accelerated savings, and the quality of development steadily improved.

　　During the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics, together with Beijing Evening News, launched a series of publicity columns "Beijing Account Book" to welcome the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The columns reported the profound changes in the capital Beijing in the past five years with seven full-page topics, namely, harmony, coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, energy conservation and consumption reduction, cultural leisure, innovation and entrepreneurship, emerging industries and consumption upgrading.

　　Promote the publicity of the government’s own construction. According to the requirements of unified steps, unified format and unified time of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Finance, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics disclosed the budget and final accounts of this department to the public simultaneously on the window of the capital and the portal website. Detailed disclosure of all financial allocation arrangements for the "three public" budget and final accounts expenditure, and disclosure of government procurement budget. The basic expenditure of the department’s budget and final accounts is publicly refined to the subjects of economic classification. In 2017, in order to further standardize the government’s procurement of services, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics compiled the "Guiding Catalogue of Government Procurement Services of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics" and made it public on its own initiative.

　　Third, take the initiative to disclose the situation

　　(1) Disclosure of information

　　In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics took the initiative to disclose 962 pieces of government information in the "Government Information Disclosure Column" at the window of the capital. It mainly includes: monthly (quarterly) and annual statistical data and information, Statistical Bulletin of Beijing’s National Economic and Social Development in 2016, Bulletin of Beijing’s Urban Modern Agricultural Ecological Service Value Monitoring in 2016, Bulletin of Beijing’s Energy and Water Consumption in 2016, etc. The data covers population and employment, industrial development, investment and consumption, education, culture, science and technology, health, residents’ life, urban construction and resources and environment.

　　(2) Open form

　　1. Construction of Beijing Statistical Information Network. "Beijing Statistical Information Network" is the first platform for government information disclosure of the Municipal Bureau of Statistics, which integrates the functions of information release, interpretation and response, service and interactive communication. In 2017, "Beijing Statistical Information Network" opened special publicity columns to publicize and implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, five years of hard work, two sessions of the whole city, and sample rotation of Beijing household survey, so as to facilitate the public to check the special data in time. In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics cooperated with the municipal government portal "Window of the Capital" to build a "data" column, which provides statistical data with data diagrams.

　　2. Establish and improve the press release system. In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics organized or participated in eight press conferences at the municipal level to timely inform the city’s economic operation, the monitoring and evaluation results of building a "world-class harmonious and livable capital", and the development of scientific and technological innovation in the capital, so as to comprehensively interpret the new trends of the capital’s economic and social development and the new achievements of transformation and upgrading. Focus on the economic operation situation, supply-side structural reform, economic upgrading and efficiency improvement, new kinetic energy growth and other aspects of publicity and interpretation, timely release and interpretation of relevant statistical data.

　　3. Create a brand of statistical open service. In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics held six series of lectures on "Statistical Knowledge Lecture Hall" in the National Library, with a total audience of more than 1,500 people. The column "Counting Beijing" co-produced with Beijing TV Station broadcasts 50 programs throughout the year; The official Weibo of "Beijing Statistics" published 1,361 articles throughout the year; "Beijing Statistics" WeChat WeChat official account pushed a total of 365 graphic messages, ranking among the best in the comprehensive influence ranking of WeChat WeChat official account, the national statistical survey system of the National Bureau of Statistics.

　　(3) Consultation situation

　　In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics received 2074 consultations from citizens, legal persons and other organizations on government information disclosure. Among them, there were 107 on-site consultations, accounting for 5.16% of the total; 1655 telephone consultations, accounting for 79.80% of the total; There were 312 online consultations, accounting for 15.04% of the total.

　　From the content of consulting information, it mainly refers to consulting statistics, among which people’s livelihood statistics related to people’s lives are frequently consulted, such as per capita disposable income and consumption expenditure of urban and rural residents, average wages of employees, population and employment, average wages of employees in urban units in various industries of the national economy, various price indexes, regional GDP, etc.

　　Fourth, respond to the interpretation.

　　In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics increased data interpretation around the city’s central work, and strengthened communication and cooperation with authoritative media. In the whole year, 519 articles on policy interpretation were published through portal websites, and in-depth interpretation was conducted through various media and ways such as portal websites, Statistical Weibo WeChat, newspapers and television. During the National People’s Congress in 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics launched a special edition covering Beijing in China Information Daily, and appeared in the news column of Beijing TV station for many times to interpret the city’s economic operation.

　　V. Disclosure of information upon application

　　(1) Application status

　　In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics received a total of 142 applications for government information disclosure. Among them, 103 applications were made in person, accounting for 72.53% of the total; 33 applications were made through the Internet, accounting for 23.24% of the total; Six applications were made by letter, accounting for 4.23% of the total.

　　Among the applications, there were 103 applications for "main statistical data of urban and rural residents’ living conditions", agricultural data and wage data, accounting for 72.54% of the total. The application methods of application information are mainly as follows: people’s livelihood data are mostly the reference basis for judicial judgment; Industrial data are mostly used by teachers, students and researchers in colleges and universities for project analysis or market prediction.

　　(2) the reply.

　　In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics responded to all 142 applications for information disclosure, and 30 of them were "in the scope of active disclosure", accounting for 21.13% of the total; 99 cases "agreed to open", accounting for 69.72% of the total; 5 cases of "agreeing to partial disclosure", accounting for 3.52% of the total; One case of "disagreement with disclosure", accounting for 0.70% of the total; 6 "not disclosed by this administrative organ", accounting for 4.23% of the total; One piece of "information does not exist", accounting for 0.70% of the total.

　　In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics undertook the application in strict accordance with the provisions of the "Regulations" that "reply within 15 working days from the date of receiving the application", sorted out the key and hot information that may cause consultation, made plans in advance, and improved the efficiency of information reply. All 142 applications accepted were answered within the time limit.

　　(three) according to the application for disclosure of government information charges

　　In 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics did not charge citizens, legal persons and other organizations any fees related to government information applications.

　　Six, administrative reconsideration, litigation and reporting

　　In 2017, there were no administrative reconsideration, administrative litigation and complaints against the government information disclosure of the Municipal Bureau of Statistics.

　　VII. Institution Building and Security Training

　　(A) to strengthen the organization and team building

　　The Municipal Bureau of Statistics attaches great importance to the work of government information and government affairs disclosure, and has established an open work coordination group, which is responsible for studying and solving open problems, handling related affairs, and reporting the progress of open work. According to the requirements of the Regulations, in 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics was equipped with 3 full-time information disclosure officers and 32 part-time information disclosure officers.

　　(two) government information and public education and training.

　　In order to effectively improve the ability and service level of government information and government affairs disclosure of statistical departments, in 2017, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics conducted business training for all full-time and part-time information disclosure personnel, focusing on training the workflow of government information disclosure and strengthening the awareness of the rule of law, so as to openly promote administration according to law, continue to improve the awareness and participation in public work, effectively improve the level of public work and improve the ability to serve the public.

　　(III) Internal guidance and supervision

　　In order to strengthen and standardize the public work of the statistical departments of the two levels of government in urban areas, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics pays attention to daily guidance and regular assessment. In 2017, combined with the focus of statistical disclosure, the "Measures for the Evaluation of Government Information and Government Affairs Disclosure of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics" was revised and strictly supervised and implemented. Standardize the process of the Municipal Bureau of Statistics’ voluntary disclosure of government information, intensify the verification of the voluntary disclosure of information in the column of government information disclosure, and continue to carry out the public assessment of statistical systems in various districts on an annual basis.

　　Eight, the existing shortcomings and improvement measures

　　(A) the existing deficiencies and improvement measures

　　In 2017, according to the requirements of the document "Opinions on Promoting Government Affairs Openness in an All-round Way" formulated by the Central Office, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government adopted a series of measures to vigorously promote government information and government affairs openness, and further increased the requirements for the timeliness of public work, the management process of official documents disclosure, and the information disclosure content in key areas. In the process of deeply understanding the spirit of the document, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics needs to continuously improve the level of disclosure according to law, explore the construction of the system of disclosure, continue to increase the breadth and depth of disclosure, further improve the transparency of statistical work, continue to promote modern service-oriented statistics, and strive to provide high-quality and efficient statistical disclosure services for all sectors of society.

　　(II) Key tasks in 2018

　　In 2017, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was successfully held, which put forward higher requirements for building a service-oriented government that people are satisfied with. The Municipal Bureau of Statistics will focus on improving rules and regulations, strengthening supervision and training, and consolidating the public participation mechanism, and insist on doing a good job in public service according to laws and regulations.

　　First, the Municipal Bureau of Statistics will do a good job in information disclosure in key areas according to the requirements of the municipal government, complete the disclosure of departmental budgets in 2018, "three public funds" and final accounts in 2017, and update the list of maintenance authority information in a timely manner; Second, according to the actual statistical work, do a good job in training, and constantly improve the public service level of the Municipal Bureau of Statistics; The third is to deepen the public participation mechanism, further improve the effectiveness of statistical data services, and earnestly make it as open as possible, and constantly improve the quality of consultation and reception.

Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics

March 2018

Statistical table of government information disclosure of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics

(2017)

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　　■ Wang Jiangming

　　"Homogeneous comparability" is an important principle followed in the statistical investigation of PPI, CPI and HPI in China at present, and it is the basis for comparability between the price in the reporting period and the price in the base period. With the development of economy and society, the needs of the masses are more abundant and diverse, and the principle of "homogeneity and comparability" is also facing more challenges in practice. Under the background of the continuous updating of information technology and the continuous advancement of statistical modernization reform, how to make full use of big data, expand the sources of price statistics data, improve the system and methods of price statistics, keep pace with the times and improve the practical operability of the principle of homogeneity and comparability and the accuracy of price comparison is testing the wisdom of all parties.

　　First, the homogeneity of price statistics is facing the "difficulty" of practice.

　　At present, China’s more concerned price indexes mainly include industrial producer price index (PPI), consumer price index (CPI) and residential sales price index (HPI). All the above price indexes are "pure price indexes", that is, the price index only reflects the market price changes caused by the changes in market supply and demand and the purchasing power of money, and is a relative quantitative index reflecting the trend and degree of price level changes in different periods. This requires eliminating non-price factors such as quality, appearance, production and supply in the statistical process to achieve "homogeneity and comparability". According to the feedback from the front-line work of price statistical investigation, the practical operability of "homogeneous comparability" will become weaker and weaker if the traditional price statistical investigation method is simply adopted, and it will be difficult to match with the ever-changing social development. If it is not optimized, it will inevitably affect the credibility of statistical investigation.

　　(A) the lack of some prices affects "homogeneity and comparability".

　　1. The price of the previous period in HPI survey cannot be obtained. At present, the sales price surveys of newly-built houses in 70 large and medium-sized cities in China are all comprehensive surveys, and the basic data directly use the online signing and filing data of local real estate authorities, including the project name, project address, building number, total floor number, floor number, residential structure, total transaction price, construction area, signing time, administrative division, etc. The authenticity and reliability of the basic data are guaranteed. However, the previous period prices of newly-opened projects and intermittent sales projects in the online signing record data are naturally missing, so it is necessary to supplement the previous period prices when calculating the price index, which requires a higher method, and there are certain subjective factors and estimation errors when the big data information is not fully utilized.

　　2. Some conditions in PPI survey have changed. According to the existing system, the price survey of industrial producers is carried out monthly, and the "representative enterprises" regularly submit the price of "representative products". The report submitted by the enterprise includes the unit price in the reporting period and the average unit price in the last month. The unit price in the product reporting period is the simple arithmetic average of the unit prices taken twice on the 5th and 20th of the reporting month. In the front-line work of PPI survey, all localities try their best to choose products with great influence on the national economy and people’s livelihood, stable production, development prospects and local characteristics, that is, "representative products", but there are many categories of PPI survey. Taking the ex-factory price survey of industrial producers as an example, industrial products of 41 industrial categories, 207 industrial categories and 666 industrial categories were investigated and divided into 1310 basic categories. In practice, it is difficult to ensure that the same product of the same enterprise has a completely homogeneous sales record in the reporting month and last month. Even if the same product of the same enterprise is oriented to different customers, the price is different. For example, when the customer’s credit is good, the cooperation time is long or the order quantity is large, the price is often lower. The above situation can be regarded as the lack of the price of a "representative product" at a certain price acquisition point, and the price needs to be filled after removing the non-price change factors. Under the current traditional way of not using big data, this work is mainly done manually by enterprise statisticians. However, due to the limitations of professional knowledge, work experience, market judgment and other conditions, enterprise statisticians have different understandings of "homogeneity and comparability", which may affect the accuracy of price surveys.

　　(B) the special attributes of products affect "homogeneity and comparability".

　　1. The heterogeneity of residential products is outstanding. In HPI survey, it is difficult to follow the principle of homogeneity and comparability in price statistics of both newly-built commercial houses and second-hand houses. As we all know, as a special commodity, it is difficult to achieve absolute consistency in specifications, models and sizes like other commodities. There are differences in geographical location, supporting facilities and residential environment between the two different houses. Comparatively speaking, the heterogeneity of second-hand houses is more prominent, even if they are located in the same residential area, there are great differences in building location, specific floors, unit orientation, building depreciation, interior decoration and other qualities.

　　2. Some categories are frequently updated. Clothing products in CPI and electronic products in PPI survey all have the phenomenon of rapid update. At present, the CPI survey is mainly conducted by hand-held data collector, and the survey is conducted directly by means of fixed person, fixed point and timing. Clothing products pay more attention to fashion, and the clothing of the same brand has changeable characteristics in style design, fabric selection, color matching, etc. In addition, clothing products are seasonal and generally have a short life cycle, so it is often difficult to collect sustained and stable prices under the conditions of fixed person, fixed point and timing. PPI survey also stipulates that when selecting representative products, products with relatively stable production should be selected. "Once selected as representative products, it is necessary to continuously investigate for a period of time." When products are included in statistics, they are often in a relatively stable price stage, which easily leads to underestimation of the price index. This is also one of the important reasons why the ex-factory price index of clothing products in CPI and communication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries in PPI has been "overcast" for many years, which has a certain gap with the actual feelings of the people.

　　(3) The impact of big data indirectly affects "homogeneity and comparability".

　　In the era of big data, a huge amount of information is generated, and people have more ways, wider channels and richer channels to obtain information, which also poses a great challenge to the traditional government statistical system. At present, there are many institutions or enterprises that publish various price indices in the society, with diverse data sources and different calculation methods. There is also a certain gap between the indices of each period and the data officially published by the National Bureau of Statistics. Most people don’t know or understand the principle of "homogeneity and comparability" in government price statistics. They simply judge by subjective feelings and question the government statistics. In this case, if we can’t do a good job of network public opinion monitoring and interpretation quickly, it will inevitably weaken the authority and credibility of government statistics. Take CPI as an example. A few years ago, some enterprises published the online shopping price index, and some researchers used it to evaluate the CPI released by the National Bureau of Statistics every month, believing that there was a calculation error in the CPI data. In fact, the company’s price index is only calculated by the transaction data of its e-commerce platform, which is far from the full sample requirements. Another example is the house price index. The National Bureau of Statistics officially released the sales price index of commercial housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities. At the same time, we can also see the relevant price indexes released by different institutions on the Internet platform. Except for the National Bureau of Statistics, the house price indexes of other institutions are mostly calculated based on the average prices of transaction samples in various cities, without distinguishing different apartment structures or fully considering "homogeneity and comparability", so there are bound to be differences with official statistics.

　　Second, government statistics share the "machine" of big data development

　　For government statistical work, big data is data, methods and their technical integration that are processed and mined at high speed with modern information technology and architecture, and have high application Value and decision support function. Generally speaking, it has the characteristics of "multi-V", that is, huge data Volume, Variety of data types, fast processing speed, great application value and authenticity. It is undeniable that big data provides unprecedented conditions and opportunities for the information reform of government statistical source data and macroeconomic measurement. Due to the wide range of sample collection and high statistical frequency, price statistics has become one of the most significant areas directly affected by big data. The exploration of using big data to improve price statistical surveys such as CPI, PPI and HPI is on the way, and the dilemma of "homogeneous comparability" in practice is expected to be continuously alleviated and even effectively solved.

　　(1) The application of big data to price statistics is one of the important contents of promoting the reform of statistical modernization.

　　In 2020, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee made a major deployment to promote the reform of statistical modernization. In 2021, the National Bureau of Statistics formulated the Reform Plan of Statistical Modernization in the Tenth Five-Year Plan period in order to build a modern statistical investigation system suited to the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, pointing out that "a new round of scientific and technological revolution has developed in depth, which has provided a strong impetus for improving statistical productivity, changing statistical production methods and reshaping statistical production relations", and at the same time, it has also seen that the digital transformation of statistical work is lagging behind, and put forward "improving and perfecting price statistics" and "promoting the application of departmental statistical data" In the same year, the "Work Plan for Big Data Application of National Bureau of Statistics (2021)" was issued, which clearly stated that it was necessary to "play the role of big data in expanding data sources, improving the efficiency of statistical investigation, improving the quality of statistical data, and achieving new breakthroughs in the statistical application of big data." It can be seen that the government level has fully understood the historical opportunities and important challenges brought by big data to government statistics.

　　(2) The application of big data to price statistics has been cutting-edge research.

　　Foreign scholars have studied the application of big data in the field of price statistics earlier. In 1993, Diewr proposed that scanning data could be used in the compilation of price index, thus reducing the substitution deviation and new product deviation in the compilation of price index. In recent years, some domestic experts, scholars and statisticians have also put forward pertinent opinions from various angles. He Qiang (2015) said that the future application of big data in China government statistics should be based on the wide application of big data, especially cloud computing, and establish a data quality evaluation mechanism of big data to create a more scientific and informative "second track" of government statistics data sources. Xie Zuozheng and Wang Kelin (2016) suggested using e-commerce data, scanning data and other data sources to realize the overall grasp of industrial product structure and ex-factory price. Dong Qian (2017) combined the characteristics of the characteristic price method and the repeated transaction method, compiled the second-hand housing price index through the repeated characteristic "R-H" transaction method, and selected different matching spaces to achieve maximum homogeneity and comparability under the existing data conditions. Yu Fangdong (2018) believes that the compilation of CPI based on online data is different from the traditional sampling statistical theory and method in terms of product matching, comparability and index compilation method, and new theories and methods need to be created.

　　(3) The application of big data to price statistics has been explored in practice.

　　Abroad, Australian Bureau of Statistics, American Bureau of Labor Statistics, Statistics New Zealand, etc. have formally used scanning data to compile their own CPI. In recent years, China’s statistical departments have taken the lead in the development and utilization of big data in government agencies, and steadily promoted the research and application of big data in government statistics in accordance with the core application ideas of "overall design, leading research, easy before difficult, and professional breakthrough". As early as 2014, the National Bureau of Statistics signed a big data strategic cooperation framework agreement with six companies including Tencent, and carried out substantive cooperation in the fields of public opinion monitoring and house price statistics. In recent years, the system and methods of price statistics have been constantly improved and updated. In terms of CPI survey, in December 2020, in order to meet the requirements of big data and informatization for price survey, the Urban Department of the National Bureau of Statistics formulated and issued the Measures for the Application and Management of Scanning Data, which set clear requirements for the national CPI survey professional norms to apply scanning data to price collection, and encouraged all provinces and cities to actively carry out pilot work in cities and counties with mature conditions. Taking Fujian Province as an example, the Fujian Investigation Corps of the National Bureau of Statistics has carried out pilot work in 17 investigation outlets in 8 cities and counties in the province, and the form of "coexistence of old and new" has been taken as an important supplement to the traditional pricing method.

　　Third, using big data to improve the "road" of price statistics homogeneity and comparability

　　As mentioned above, there have been many researches and practical explorations on the application of big data in price statistics at home and abroad, but there are not many achievements in the specific research on the homogeneity and comparability of price statistics. The author tries to combine some research achievements at home and abroad and the first-line practical experience of price statistics, and puts forward some path ideas for solving the practical problems of homogeneity and comparability of price statistics by using big data for reference.

　　(1) Follow the principle.

　　1. The principle of bold exploration and long-term gradual progress. "Homogeneous comparability" has always been a key and difficult issue in the practice of price statistics. It is obviously impossible to find the optimal solution by relying solely on traditional survey methods, and big data has opened up a new data source for price statistics with its advantages of high frequency, fine granularity and diversification. Under the wave of the new era, only by boldly exploring and promoting in-depth cooperation between statistical departments and social institutions and big data enterprises in accordance with the path of "complementary advantages, mutual benefit and win-win, data orientation and gradual progress" can big data become an important supplementary source of price statistics. At the same time, however, at this stage, China’s use of big data to alleviate the dilemma of "homogeneity and comparability" of price statistics in practice has difficulties in data acquisition and quality assurance, as well as bottlenecks in technology and methods, which can not completely replace the traditional survey methods for the time being, and can only be used as a useful supplement to the existing methods. Using big data to optimize the homogeneity and comparability of price statistics should be a long-term and gradual process, which requires repeated experiments and research. It is necessary to prevent "big data arrogance" and avoid damaging the science and rigor of government price statistics due to rashness.

　　2. The principle of security, confidentiality and continuous stability. The Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China clearly stipulates that the objects of statistical investigation must "provide true, accurate, complete and timely information needed for statistical investigation", and also requires "statistical institutions and statisticians to keep confidential the state secrets, business secrets and personal information they know in their statistical work." The use of big data is beneficial to alleviate the problem of "homogeneity and comparability" in price statistics. However, big data has a wide range of sources, and it often needs the help of private enterprises and institutions outside government departments to implement applications. Enterprises pay attention to commercial interests, which is different from the purpose of government departments to serve the public. Therefore, in the process of data cooperation, how to prevent potential leakage risks and security risks becomes the key, and a complete legal system needs to be established to regulate them. In addition, the characteristics of CPI, PPI, HPI and other price statistics require the samples to be as stable as possible for a certain period of time. If Internet companies and data asset companies engaged in data cooperation fail to survive for a long time, it will inevitably affect the continuity of price statistics. Therefore, it is an indispensable and important principle to ensure the continuous stability of data acquisition channels.

　　(2) Expand data collection methods.

　　1. Make full use of electronic scanning data. Electronic scanning data is to scan the EAN code of goods in sales outlets through scanning equipment to obtain product feature information such as product name, product number and product model. When trading, the electronic processing system of retailers can also record relevant retail outlets and types, prices, trading quantity, trading time and other information.

　　The advantages of this acquisition method are as follows: first, the discrete price data of "fixed person, fixed point and timing" are replaced by high-frequency continuous scanning data to eliminate the deviation of discrete data; The second is to replace manual data with information data to avoid the measurement error of manual price collection and the burden of answering questions at price collection outlets; Third, product update information is more accurate, and it is more timely to include statistics. More comprehensive scanning data can provide more support for CPI survey to achieve "homogeneous comparability" accurately.

　　The shortcomings of this collection method are as follows: first, the application field is relatively limited, mainly used in CPI survey, and can not be used more in PPI, HPI and other price surveys; Second, the requirements for outlets are high, and the survey outlets need to have a complete database system. Large shopping malls, supermarkets, hospitals, etc. can facilitate the collection of scanning data, but the grounded farmers’ markets and small shops are difficult to obtain due to equipment restrictions; Third, it is difficult to maintain data. Compared with other countries that have adopted electronic scanning data in the world, China has a vast territory, strong regional color, obvious differences in regional development and price level, and many chain enterprises in the consumer market. Statistics departments need more enterprises to effectively cooperate in scanning data collection, which greatly increases the difficulty of data collection and data security.

　　At present, this method has been piloted in some conditional areas in China, but only in the form of "coexistence of old and new" is used as a reference for compiling price index. When the conditions are ripe in the later stage, we can consider gradually weighting the electronic scanning data and the traditional "three-fixed-straight" price acquisition data to calculate CPI.

　　2. Appropriate use of the network to capture data. Network crawling data refers to a collection of data that is partially targeted, professional and accurate by using Internet search engine technology and classified according to certain rules and screening criteria, also known as network crawling data.

　　The advantages of this collection method are as follows: first, the data source is rich, which can greatly increase the sample size of the basket of goods and services. Combined with the specific index compilation method, it can effectively solve the problem that the price of the reported month or last month is missing and cannot be "homogeneous and comparable" in price statistics such as HPI and PPI; Second, the acquisition frequency is high, and the compilation frequency of price index can be increased from monthly to semi-monthly, weekly or even daily, so as to improve the timeliness of price data release and better serve the public and decision-making; The third is to reduce the labor cost of the survey, use Internet technology to capture the price data, cross the geographical and time constraints, and greatly reduce the price collection burden of statisticians, survey enterprises and auxiliary investigators in grass-roots units.

　　The shortcomings of this collection method are as follows: first, it has great technical influence. For example, due to website changes and interception technical factors, the data captured by the network may be interrupted, repeated and incomplete, so it is necessary to continuously improve the capture technology to improve its stability; Second, the samples are not stable enough, and the products captured by the network are updated faster than those in the traditional collection mode. If the current index calculation method is still used, it is difficult to match effectively; Third, it is difficult to identify the transaction price. No matter whether it is online shopping platform or house price trading platform, most of the online data are sellers’ quotations or listing prices, and there is still a gap with the actual transaction price. If it cannot be effectively identified, it may affect the true accuracy of the data.

　　At present, Norway, Britain, the Netherlands and other countries have partially used the network to capture data in the process of CPI compilation and made breakthrough progress. In China, the application of online capture data in price statistics is still in the exploratory stage, and it is suggested that it can be piloted in some areas with mature information technology, such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other developed areas of online shopping, giving online capture data a certain weight to compile CPI；; You can also try to compile HPI by using the housing brokerage platform to capture data and POI data derived from geographic information system, combined with repeated transaction method and characteristic price method in developed areas such as Shanghai and Shenzhen.

　　(3) Improve the index compilation method.

　　1. Try to compare the prices of fixed groups. In the new era, with the expansion of data collection methods, we should appropriately break through the constraints of traditional statistical theories and methods in the face of the larger and faster total data in price statistics. Drawing lessons from Belgium, Britain and other countries, this paper compares the prices of relatively homogeneous and comparable products of fixed groups according to the data captured by the network and electronic scanning data, and observes and reflects the price changes of consumers buying homogeneous and similar products. During the comparison period, the product groups are fixed, but the specific products are variable. Under this method, we will calculate the price ratio of the same product group in different periods under the basic classification, rather than the price ratio of specific products. The premise of adopting this method is to cluster a huge number of products with price, to maximize the high homogeneity and similarity of products within the group, to ensure that there is no significant difference between products within the group and to reduce the deviation of price index. At the same time, because of breaking through the traditional framework and changing from "one-to-one" comparison to "group-to-group" comparison, it is necessary to study and explore the index method more suitable for new data sources.

　　2. Promote the practical application of the characteristic price method. Eigenvalue method, also known as Hedonic model method, is a method to homogenize samples by using Eigenvalue model. At present, France, Germany, the Netherlands and other European countries generally use the characteristic price method to calculate the house price index. This method is also applicable to the calculation of price indexes with many categories such as CPI and PPI. The characteristic price method holds that the price is determined by the utility brought to people, and each utility corresponds to a certain characteristic price value. After regression analysis with a large number of actual transaction data, the influence of characteristic change is eliminated item by item from the total price change, that is, the pure price change caused by the relationship between supply and demand and the purchasing power of money is obtained, that is, the "homogeneous and comparable" price change. Hedonic functions are mainly in linear form, semi-logarithmic form, exponential form and double logarithmic form, which can be selected according to specific needs. At present, there are many mature theoretical studies on this method at home and abroad, but the premise of using this method is to have a lot of product price and characteristic information, and the calculation tends to be complicated, which requires high background data processing ability and operator quality, and the specific practice in China is still shallow. Electronic scanning data and network crawling data make it possible to obtain large-scale commodity information, which will inevitably provide more favorable conditions for the implementation of the characteristic price method, making it an important method to optimize the homogeneity and comparability of price statistics at present. It is suggested to try it out in some areas and gradually promote it.

　　(Author: Fujian Investigation Corps of National Bureau of Statistics)

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On September 13th, the brand-new Ford was officially launched, with a price of RMB 309.8-399.8 million. Some models of the new car were upgraded in towing qualification, the engine performance was slightly improved, and the car was also equipped with 8155 chips.

The envy of the old car owners of the new car should be that the Kunlun Peak Edition model has added 2.1 tons of towing qualification, and at the same time, the blind area monitoring area of the new car has also been upgraded, expanding the monitoring range, making it easier to observe the trailer in real time, and the driving mode has also added a special towing mode, which greatly improves the driving safety under towing conditions.

Although the new Ford Explorer is equipped with a combination of 2.3T engine and ＋10AT gearbox, the maximum power of the engine is increased to 213kW, the peak torque is 445N·m, and the official acceleration of 100 kilometers is only 7.2s.

It is worth noting that the fuel tank capacity of the new car has also increased from 73L to 81L, which is about 90-110km more cruising range, which better caters to consumers’ demand for long-distance travel.

The appearance of the new car has not been significantly adjusted, mainly according to the different models, providing new styles of different sizes of rims. In addition, some models can also be equipped with new Caribbean gray, Bering Sea gray and Peto Lake blue body color matching, so that users can choose a more personalized appearance.

The layout of the car is the same as that of the old model, and six-seat and seven-seat layouts are provided. The new model of Kunlun Peak Edition is made of suede in many places, which looks more luxurious and exquisite. In addition, the new car is also equipped with 8155 chips, 5G car network and Baidu map, which makes the car smoother and smarter. At the same time, it is equipped with the BlueCruise driver assistance system, which supports the functions of changing lanes with the turn signal lever and intelligent comity in the lane, making driving easier.

In addition, the new Ford Explorer canceled the knee airbag, mobile phone key PAAK, APA one-button parking assistance, voice control second row seats and other configurations.

summary

On the whole, the new explorers are mainly optimized for some pain points of the old models, which is more in line with the positioning of light off-road SUVs. At the same time, the new towing qualification also brings more playability. However, compared with the models of the same class, it has more advantages, not only has stronger power, but also has plug-in models to choose from.

I hope that the new car can also launch a hybrid version in the future, and then reduce the terminal discount more, so as to win the favor of more consumers.

The mainstream car has a moderate size and reasonable price, which is also a major feature of it, so it is loved and chosen by many families. What I want to introduce to you today is. So whether this car is a mule or a horse, let’s take a look at its actual performance.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of the Audi RS 5 first. The design of the Audi RS 5 front has taken a fashionable route, and it is equipped with a multi-frame mesh, which is very sporty. Then the soft headlight design is adopted, and the shape is very comfortable. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, automatic steering, delayed closing, rain and fog mode and so on. Coming to the car side, the car body size is 4717MM*1866MM*1371MM, and the car uses eye-catching lines, which gives people a very dynamic feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the overall visual effect is very full. Looking back, the overall shape of the rear of the car echoes the front face, and the taillights present a full design style. Coupled with the unique exhaust pipe, the overall shape is still very attractive.

Sitting in the car, the interior design has taken a solid route and is rich in functions. The steering wheel of the car is very in line with the interior style, made of leather, and has a good grip. Take a look at the central control, with a 10.1-inch central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and stylish and simple. The dashboard and seats are equally eye-catching. The dashboard of this car presents a simple and generous design style, and the design is more angular. The car uses leather seats, which are wide and thick, improving the ride experience of drivers and passengers.

Audi RS 5 is matched with an automatic manual transmission (AT) gearbox, with a maximum power of 331KW and a maximum torque of 600N.m, with good power performance.

The space performance of the Audi RS 5 trunk is ok. If there are large items during the trip, the rear seats can be put down to meet the daily use. At the same time, the car is equipped with fatigue warning, anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), brake force distribution (EBD) main driver airbag, co-pilot airbag, side airbag curtain, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

I wonder if you are excited about this car introduced today? If you think so, today’s car is still worth recommending.