Cctv newsAccording to the website of the Central Meteorological Observatory, it is estimated that from 08: 00 on the 9th to 08: 00 on the 11th, the lowest or average temperature in the eastern part of northwest China, most of Inner Mongolia, most of North China, most of Northeast China, Huanghuai, western and northern Jianghan, northwestern Jianghuai and western Jiangnan will drop by 6 ~ 8℃, and the Central Meteorological Observatory will continue to issue a blue warning of cold wave at 6: 00 on November 9th. Affected by cold air, sleet or snow will appear in central and eastern Inner Mongolia and most parts of Northeast China.

　　Cooling occurred in the eastern part of Northeast China and northern Xinjiang.

　　Yesterday, snowfall, rain or sleet was 1 ~ 7 mm in parts of northeastern Xinjiang, northeastern Jilin, southern Qinghai and northeastern Tibet; Moderate rain occurred in parts of southeastern Guangxi and eastern Hainan, and the local area was heavy rain.

　　At 5 o’clock today, compared with 5 o’clock yesterday, some areas in the eastern part of Northeast China and northern Xinjiang have cooled by 6 ~ 8 C, and the local temperature has dropped by 10 ~ 12 C.

　　Cold air affects the heavy snowfall in Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang and other places in the central and eastern regions.

　　It is estimated that from 08: 00 on the 9th to 08: 00 on the 11th, the minimum or average temperature in the eastern part of northwest China, most of Inner Mongolia, North China, most of Northeast China, Huanghuai, western and northern Jianghan, northwestern Jianghuai and western Jiangnan will drop by 6 ~ 8℃, among which, the temperature drop in some areas of northwestern Shaanxi, western and northern Shanxi, central Inner Mongolia, eastern Jilin and northeastern Liaoning can reach 10 ~ 12℃. In the early morning of the 11th, the minimum temperature line of 0℃ will be located in southern Gansu, northern Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi, central Hebei and southern Liaodong Peninsula. The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a cold wave blue warning at 6 o’clock on November 9.

　　Affected by cold air, sleet or snow will appear in the central and eastern Inner Mongolia and most of the northeastern regions, with moderate to heavy snow and local snowstorms in parts of northeastern Inner Mongolia, northeastern Heilongjiang and eastern mountainous areas of Jilin.

　　Affected by cold air, during the day on the 10th, there were 7-8 northwest winds with gusts of 9-10 in Bohai Sea, Bohai Strait, northern and central Yellow Sea. In addition, from the night of the 9th to the night of the 11th, affected by the tropical system, there will be 7-8 winds in the central and southeastern parts of the South China Sea, with winds of 9-10 and gusts of 11-12 in some areas. The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a gale forecast at sea at 06: 00 on the 9th.

　　Before the influence of cold air, on the 9 th, there were intermittent mild to moderate haze in central and southern North China, western Huanghuai, Shaanxi Guanzhong, western Jianghuai, Jianghan, central and western Jiangnan and southern Sichuan Basin. From the night of the 9th, due to the influence of cold air, the haze weather in the above areas will weaken and dissipate from west to east.

　　Future specific forecast

　　From 08: 00 on the 9 th to 08: 00 on the 10 th, there were small to medium snow or sleet in central and eastern Inner Mongolia, north-central Northeast China, south-central and eastern Qinghai, northern Tibet and central Gansu, among which there were heavy snow and local snowstorms in parts of northern Heilongjiang and northeastern Inner Mongolia. There are small to moderate rains and local heavy rains in the southeastern part of Northwest China, the eastern part of Southwest China, the northern part of Huanghuai, the southern and eastern parts of North China, the southern part of Northeast China, the central and western parts of Jiangnan, and the northwestern part of Guangxi. There are 4-6 northerly winds in central and eastern Inner Mongolia, North China, Northeast China and Huanghuai. There are 7 ~ 8 northeast winds and 9 gusts in the Taiwan Province Strait.

　　From 08: 00 on the 10 th to 08: 00 on the 11 th, there were heavy snow and local snowstorms in parts of the western Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang and Altay Mountains, northeastern Heilongjiang, and eastern Jilin Mountains; There are small to moderate rains or showers in the southeastern part of Northwest China, the eastern part of Southwest China, the western part of Huanghuai, the western part of Jianghan, most of the south of the Yangtze River, southern Yunnan, the eastern part of Hainan Island and Taiwan Province. There are 4 ~ 6 winds in central and eastern Inner Mongolia, Northeast China and North China. There are 7-8 winds and 9 gusts in the Bohai Sea, the Bohai Strait and the northern and central parts of the Yellow Sea. There are 7-8 winds and 9 gusts in the north sea area south of the central and southeast of the South China Sea. The winds in some sea areas can reach 9 and the gusts are 10-11.

　　From 08: 00 on the 11 th to 08: 00 on the 12 th, there were small to medium snow or sleet in parts of northern Xinjiang and northern Gansu; There are small to moderate rains or showers in the southeastern part of Northwest China, the eastern part of Southwest China, Jianghan, the northern and western parts of Jiangnan, southern Yunnan, western Guangxi, southern coastal areas of Guangdong, Hainan Island and eastern Taiwan Province. There will be 7-8 winds and 9 gusts in the central and western parts of the South China Sea, and the winds in some areas can reach 9-10 and 11-12 gusts.

　　(Health Times reporter Wei Chuannan Health Times special correspondent in Beijing Chest Hospital Li Yun)In the past 20 years, more than 8,000 patients have been consulted after operation, and various premonitions before the onset of myocardial infarction have been found.

　　Professor Zhang Jian, director of the Heart Center of Beijing Chest Hospital, has always maintained a habit in his clinical work for more than 20 years. After each patient has finished the operation, he should ask them what improvements their bodies have made after the operation, what symptoms appear and what symptoms disappear. This question is more than 8,000 cases.

　　Among these more than 8,000 patients, he accidentally discovered many phenomena that were not mentioned in textbooks. An old gentleman, who had never opened his eyes for eight years, suddenly opened his eyes after heart surgery. A lady suddenly lost her hearing. After the stent operation, her hearing magically recovered. A middle-aged man was dizzy for more than two years. I don’t know how many times I ran to the neurology department, but I couldn’t find anything wrong. Later, after an operation for heart discomfort, my head suddenly became dizzy … …

　　"When a heart problem occurs, it is generally believed that there is chest pain. But in fact, heart problems can be manifested in the whole body, dizziness, headache, hearing loss, tinnitus, heavy eyelids, blurred vision, soreness and numbness in the left lower limb, and a feeling of chest banding. Symptoms may occur from head to toe, making heart problems hidden and complicated. It is difficult to diagnose, and patients are in danger and cannot be diagnosed, thus causing accidents. " Director Zhang Jian reminded that when there is a problem with the heart, the symptoms are sometimes unexpected.

　　Accidental rehabilitation

　　Heart surgery solved the eye problem.

　　There was an old man who found Director Zhang Jian because of angina symptoms. After doing cardiac angiography for the old man, he was diagnosed with high stenosis of the anterior descending branch and needed stent surgery.

　　Before the operation, the old man’s son said that he hadn’t opened his eyes for eight years. Anyway, he needed to be hospitalized for this operation. Could you please ask an ophthalmologist for a consultation, first cure his eyes and then treat his heart?

　　After seeing the old man’s condition, the ophthalmologist diagnosed trichiasis. Simply put, eyelashes grow into the eyes, which irritates the cornea and makes the eyes hard to open. He said, "This treatment is simple. Let the old man go to the eye clinic for a minor operation and pull it out."

　　As a result, the old man was pushed out again after ten minutes in the clinic. The doctor said that I had to open his eyelids and pull out his eyelashes with tweezers to operate on him, but I couldn’t open the old man’s eyelids, and the strength was too great. I closed them immediately after opening them.

　　His son said, in this case, let’s treat the heart first. At ten o’clock that day, Director Zhang Jian finished the heart stent surgery for the old man. At twelve o’clock, Director Zhang Jian went to the ward to visit him. When he entered the door, he was very surprised because the old man’s eyes were open!

　　"This surprised me, because we didn’t do any treatment for the old man’s eyes during the operation. Therefore, I concluded that his eye problem was caused by heart ischemia, the blood supply to the heart was restored, the blood supply to his eye nerve was normal, and his eyelids were opened. " Director Zhang Jian introduced that this is the first patient he encountered with eye symptoms caused by cardiac ischemia.

　　A few years later, Director Zhang Jian met two very similar patients in the outpatient clinic. The first sentence of a woman who came to see a heart attack was, "Director Zhang, my eyelids are so heavy these two days that I can’t open them if I don’t want to. I feel like my eyelids weigh a few thousand pounds, and then I feel bored and weak."

　　As soon as Director Zhang Jian heard this, he thought of the old man before, so he gave her a piece of nitroglycerin in the clinic. After a while, the lady said, "Oh, my eyelid used to weigh 1,000 kilograms. Now it’s very easy. I can lift my eyelid!" .

　　Among Zhang Jian’s patients, not only the eye problems recovered unexpectedly after heart surgery, but also the ear problems of the patients, which were solved unexpectedly after heart surgery.

　　Ms. Su from Shandong once received a business trip and wanted to go to Hangzhou. Before boarding the plane, her hearing was normal, but after getting off the plane, her ears suddenly could not hear clearly.

　　At that time, she was examined in the otolaryngology department of a hospital in Hangzhou and was diagnosed with sudden deafness. After returning home from a business trip, Ms. Su went to the otolaryngology department of a hospital in Shandong. The doctor said that her condition was not sudden deafness, but hearing loss, and introduced an expert who was good at microvascular decompression.

　　When Ms. Su heard about it, she immediately contacted the expert. The expert first operated on Ms. Su’s left ear. As a result, after the operation, Ms. Su’s left ear was not only deaf, but also completely deaf. Now she didn’t dare to continue to operate on her right ear. She was afraid that both ears would be completely deaf, so she had to go home.

　　After a while, Ms. Su found something wrong with her cardiovascular system in a physical examination. Under the introduction of others, she found Director Zhang Jian, who performed heart stent surgery for her.

　　On the second day after the operation, Ms. Su was surprised to find that her hearing recovered. It turned out that her sudden hearing loss in both ears was a signal from heart ischemia!

　　Director Zhang Jian explained that the nerve distribution of the eyes, ears and cardiovascular system has certain correlation. When the cardiovascular system has problems due to atherosclerosis, it may affect the blood supply of the nerves in the eyes and ears, which may cause heavy eyelids and ischemic deafness. Therefore, the early signs of heart problems may be manifested as symptoms in these two places, which need attention.

　　Run the wrong department

　　Visiting respiratory experts turned out to be a heart disease.

　　From Hong Kong to Shenzhen, and then to Beijing, Mr. Li couldn’t breathe because of his chest discomfort. He went to several hospitals and was diagnosed with health problems, asthma and pneumonia respectively. It was not until he met Director Zhang Jian in Beijing Chest Hospital that he realized that his heart was out of order.

　　This gentleman was met by Director Zhang Jian during a consultation with his colleagues. At that time, director Zhang Jian was originally arranged to see another old man with heart discomfort. Mr. Li, who is in his 40 s, asked the director of respiratory department to look at the lung film for him to diagnose his illness.

　　When the respiratory expert saw that Director Zhang Jian was there, he said, "Heart and lung are not separated. Let’s take a look at this film." Director Zhang Jian said: "I don’t understand lung disease, so I won’t watch the film. I’ll ask about it."

　　When chatting with patients, Director Zhang Jian learned that he suddenly felt uncomfortable in his chest a few months ago. "Do you know the feeling of being entangled in transparent tape? My chest is now like being wrapped in a circle of scotch tape. It is very uncomfortable and I can’t breathe. " The patient said that he has a habit of getting up at six o’clock every morning and running for half an hour. This uncomfortable feeling will be fine as soon as he runs, but after he comes back from running for half an hour, he feels that his chest is turned up by scotch tape.

　　Mr. Li’s main career is in Hong Kong, so he went to see a doctor in Hong Kong first. The doctor gave him the conclusion that his health was fine. He didn’t believe it. How could he be fine if he was out of breath? He went to Shenzhen again, and then to Beijing. The doctors basically gave two opinions. One was asthma, but after Mr. Li was treated according to the asthma plan, his breath became more serious. Another opinion was pneumonia. He heard that Beijing Chest Hospital was better and came.

　　When Director Zhang Jian heard this, he thought that Mr. Li’s problem might not be his lungs, but his heart. He explained: "This symptom can’t be pneumonia, because inflammation is a substance, and it is impossible to walk for a while. Like this patient, it is not uncomfortable to run, but uncomfortable to run, so it will not be inflammation."

　　So, he asked the patient to go to the pharmacy to get nitroglycerin, and did a nitroglycerin test for him in the clinic. It took only four minutes, and he stood up from the sofa and said, "Director Zhang, the tape wrapped around my chest has disappeared!"

　　Later, after examination and diagnosis, Mr. Li was diagnosed with myocardial ischemia. After the operation, the feeling that his chest was twisted with tape never appeared again.

　　Regret death

　　Ignoring the heart distress signal from the leg

　　Heart problems will also be manifested as leg symptoms first, which was discovered by accident by Director Zhang Jian after an operation.

　　A friend called Director Zhang Jian one day and said that a relative in his hometown had a narrow anterior descending branch of his heart and wanted to see him for surgery. Director Zhang Jian agreed. After the cardiac stent surgery for patients, Director Zhang Jian routinely went to the ward to ask the patients what symptoms had improved. "This is my habit. I have to ask in detail about each of my more than 8,000 surgical patients. What improvements have been made after surgery, what symptoms have appeared, which symptoms have disappeared, and the summary of many symptoms can only be found after I continue to ask after surgery." Director Zhang Jian explained.

　　However, the patient replied, "There is no place to feel the symptoms relieved." Director Zhang Jian asked, "If you think about it again, isn’t there anything better in your body than before?" The patient thought about it, and said, "If you ask me, I think the problem on my leg has gone to 80%. In the past, my leg was uncomfortable and sore. I went to see a doctor everywhere in my hometown, went to the orthopedics, did CT, did MRI, looked at the lumbar spine, and checked the blood vessels, nerves, muscles, etc., but I didn’t find any problems. Later, I went to see a Chinese doctor, and I tried massage, acupuncture and cupping, but it didn’t improve.

　　Director Zhang Jian was deeply impressed by the patient’s answer, because he had never met a similar patient before, so in a later community clinic, he told the residents the patient’s story to remind everyone to pay attention to the heart distress signal from his leg.

　　After listening to Director Zhang Jian’s talk, an old lady made a special trip to find Director Zhang Jian after the lecture. She said, "You are right. My wife died like this a few years ago. He was fine when he got up that morning. In the morning, he suddenly said that his left leg was uncomfortable, painful, numb and bloated. Because of the severe pain, he and I went to the hospital to see a doctor with an orthopedic number and opened a lot of examinations. As a result, in the evening, people died. I quickly did an electrocardiogram and found out that it was a heart problem, but it was too late, and my wife died that night. " The old man regretted that if he had learned this knowledge before and went to the cardiology department in time that day, the outcome might be different.

　　"Of course, not all pain in the left leg is angina pectoris." Director Zhang Jian suggested that some leg pains can rule out heart problems.

　　Before that, he also treated a 76-year-old gentleman, saying that his leg hurt badly, especially his left leg, and he could hardly touch the ground, let alone exert himself. When brushing his teeth, he can only stand on his right leg, and sometimes he can’t persist in urinating, but his right leg is fine. The old man said that he had an angiogram six months ago, and there was about 70% stenosis, but he didn’t do it at that time. Recently, however, I have always been flustered, sweating, and blurred vision. He suspected that he was angina pectoris and came to the clinic.

　　Director Zhang Jian asked the old man to lie down and check. First, he lifted his right leg to 70 degrees, so Director Zhang Jian lifted his left leg again. Before it reached 30 degrees, the old man twisted with pain and could not raise it any more. The old man was given nitroglycerin, and his leg pain did not relieve. After reading his previous examination results, Director Zhang Jian basically determined that the pain in the old man’s left leg was caused by lumbar disc herniation and nerve compression. Lying flat and lifting your legs should not exceed 30 degrees, which is a typical symptom. Taking nitroglycerin has not alleviated it, and it can basically be ruled out that it is a heart problem.

　　Although the old man’s leg pain has nothing to do with his heart, Director Zhang Jian judged that the old man’s heart still has some problems, because the occasional blurred vision is a manifestation of insufficient blood supply to the brain. The stenosis of the anterior descending branch leads to a large area of heart ischemia, which will lead to a drop in blood pressure and blurred vision. The duration of his blurred vision is consistent with the characteristics of myocardial ischemia. In addition, the old man’s heart rate is too fast to reach more than 180, which will also lead to cerebral ischemia. Because of the complicated reasons for the high heart rate, Director Zhang Jian further made relevant examinations for him to clarify his condition.

　　Director Zhang Jian explained that the pain in the left leg did appear in some patients with myocardial ischemia. After improving the blood supply to the heart through treatment, the pain in the left leg disappeared. For this patient, although it was ruled out that leg pain was caused by myocardial ischemia, other heart problems were found in time.

　　Periumbilical pain

　　High-risk groups should suspect angina pectoris.

　　Director Zhang Jian reminded that the heart is like the main valve of human blood vessels. When there is a problem with this valve, the blood supply of many branches may be affected, so it is the first to send an alarm signal in other places. If you receive these signals and see a doctor in other departments, you can’t find the obvious reason. Don’t be careless. You must go to the cardiology department for examination and check the heart problems.

　　A Shandong patient, because of the pain around the umbilicus, looked for an expert in the digestive system to see a doctor. He first checked the digestive system in a local hospital and found no problems. I went to the provincial hospital for gastroscopy and enteroscopy, even capsule gastroscopy, and found nothing unusual. Later, he turned around and found Director Zhang Jian.

　　"When I saw this patient, I thought of a patient with periumbilical pain who had been rescued before. The patient was in a hurry. He began to have a stomachache after going out for a walk in the morning. At first, I thought it was a stomachache. Later, the pain around the navel became more and more intense, and I called 120 to the emergency department of a nearby hospital. In the emergency department, the patient was in his 50 s, with stomachache, cold weather and low body temperature, and he was highly suspected of angina pectoris. He was soon given an electrocardiogram, which really showed acute inferior myocardial infarction. Based on the principle of urgency, the ambulance sent him to me. Do coronary angiography, and sure enough, the right crown is 100% occluded! After the thrombus aspiration, the patient’s periumbilical pain disappeared on the operating table. "

　　Director Zhang Jian said that because of his previous experience, as soon as the Shandong patient arrived here, he first considered that he might also have angina pectoris. Later, angiography showed that 99% of his circumflex branch was occluded. After revascularization, his periumbilical pain quickly disappeared.

　　Director Zhang Jian explained that the recovery of myocardial blood supply and the disappearance of abdominal pain are synchronized in time, which means that some patients’ angina pectoris is manifested by periumbilical pain. Therefore, he reminded that periumbilical pain should be highly suspected of angina pectoris for high-risk groups with myocardial infarction!

　　The data show that the number of sudden cardiac death in China exceeds 500,000 every year, and 95% of sudden cardiac death occurs outside the hospital, and 80% of them occur at home. Therefore, early detection of symptoms of myocardial ischemia is very important for saving lives in time. Director Zhang Jian reminded us that we should open our minds to the understanding of myocardial infarction and angina pectoris, and not just focus on distressed chest tightness. If you are a high-risk group and have the above strange symptoms, you must have more strings in your mind. Is it a heart problem? Perhaps, the problem of a long struggle will be solved.

Reporter’s notes

　　Because of frequent communication with patients, Director Zhang Jian not only found strange signs of myocardial infarction, but also knew what patients needed and what patients could understand. It is also in this exchange that Director Zhang Jian found that everyone’s knowledge of heart health is far from enough. Therefore, he basically holds a lecture in the outpatient hall of the Heart Center of Beijing Chest Hospital every week, with the theme of popularizing heart health knowledge. "I hope that through the lecture, everyone will have a string in their minds. When there are some symptoms that seem to have nothing to do with the heart, we should think about whether there is something wrong with the heart, even if we go to the community to do an electrocardiogram nearby, sometimes we can avoid some accidents."

　　Director Zhang Jian’s lecture site is often packed. The existing chairs in the outpatient hall are all full, and many people are still standing in the back row. After more than an hour of lectures, few people leave halfway. Some old people even put on reading glasses and take out paper and pens to record carefully. "Director Zhang is the doctor who knows the most about health knowledge." An audience member said that listening to Director Zhang Jian’s lecture on health science is not boring, just like listening to a story. After listening to the story, the heart knowledge is also remembered.

CCTV News:At present, the epidemic situation in some provinces and cities in Northeast China, Central China and East China is more severe, and at the same time, it has suffered a round of snowfall and cooling weather, which puts great pressure on the supply of vegetables and other living materials. What is the market supply situation of important vegetable distribution centers in China? Look at the reporter’s interview in Shouguang, Shandong.

Recently, seasonal vegetables in many parts of the country have gradually entered maturity. Shouguang, Shandong Province has increased the deployment of vegetable categories and arrival quantities. Every day, 3,500 tons of vegetables are newly arrived in other places, covering more than 100 varieties. In case of emergency, 1,000 tons of vegetables are mobilized to ensure supply.

Liu Binyu, Deputy General Manager of Shandong Shouguang Dili Agricultural Products Logistics Park:Actively coordinate merchants, suppliers and producing areas, and actively organize the supply of goods. The daily dynamic inventory can reach more than 10,000 tons, which can fully guarantee the supply for more than three days.

At the same time, among Shouguang’s 600,000 mu vegetable planting area, the field area exceeds 300,000 mu, and most varieties of vegetables have entered the picking season. In the packaging workshop of Donghua Vegetable Professional Cooperative, the staff are sorting and packing the five-colored peppers. It is understood that the cooperative mainly buys and sells vegetables such as colorful peppers, cucumbers, loofah, bitter gourd and eggplant, and sells them to markets and large and medium-sized supermarkets in Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

In view of the current epidemic prevention and control situation, Shouguang strictly controls the closed-loop management of goods and sales in the place of origin, and every batch of vegetables in the field must be inspected; Local vegetable cooperatives implement physical isolation to ensure the safety of vegetable trading; After the vegetables planted by the members have passed the cooperative inspection, they will arrange a special car to collect them "point to point".

Pang Dong, Chairman of Shandong Shouguang Donghua Vegetable Professional Cooperative:After the packaging boxes and vehicles are completely destroyed, the packaged vegetables are transported to the terminal market along the green channel of vegetable transportation planned by Shouguang. We have also reserved several large trucks and several drivers to ensure emergency transport capacity. While doing a good job in daily prevention and control, we will ensure sufficient supply and smooth supply and marketing.

CCTV News:The Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft was aimed at launching at 8: 59 pm on April 25, and the spacecraft took off at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on the Long March II F-18 rocket. Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, astronauts of Shenzhou 18, started their space journey.

Dream by Dream and Universe China Xingchen

The National Space Administration announced the latest progress of the International Lunar Research Station.

On April 25th, the National Space Administration announced the latest progress of the International Lunar Research Station. China’s lead organization of the International Lunar Research Station has attracted more than 10 countries and institutions to join, and it is planned to build the basic model by 2035, with the lunar south pole as the core to carry out lunar environmental exploration and resource utilization test verification, and the extended construction with the lunar orbit station as the hub, and it is planned to be completed by 2045.

Long March 8 launch vehicle releases new configuration

On April 25th, the Long March 8 series launch vehicle released a new configuration. The new configuration is named Long March 8 A carrier rocket, which adopts double booster configuration, and its carrying capacity is increased from 5 tons to 7 tons in the original configuration. The fairing has a larger diameter, which can complete the launching task of more specifications and loads, realize multiple satellites with one arrow, and further enhance the launching capability of China’s low-orbit satellite network.

China’s intellectual property protection has achieved great success.

The reporter learned from the press conference of the State Council Press Office held on April 24th that the quantity and quality of intellectual property creation in China have been improved, the intensity of intellectual property protection has been continuously strengthened, and the social satisfaction of intellectual property protection has reached a new high.

According to China National Intellectual Property Administration, in 2023, China authorized 921,000 invention patents, approved 4.383 million registered trademarks and registered 11,000 layout-designs of integrated circuits. According to the Global Innovation Index Report 2023 released by the World Intellectual Property Organization, the number of the top 100 global science and technology clusters in China has reached 24, ranking first in the world for the first time.

At the same time, the protection of intellectual property rights in China has been continuously strengthened. In 2023, China investigated and handled 44,000 cases of patent and trademark violations, 68,000 administrative cases of patent infringement disputes and 4,745 cases of copyright infringement and piracy, and the social satisfaction of intellectual property protection rose to 82.04 points, a record high.

According to reports, China is speeding up the formulation of the implementation plan for the construction project of intellectual property protection system, focusing on the shortcomings and weaknesses in intellectual property protection, and proposing a series of effective measures from seven aspects, including policy standards, authorization and confirmation, law enforcement and justice, protection management, social co-governance, safety governance and capacity support, to further strengthen intellectual property protection.

According to the relevant person in charge of the State Administration of Markets, on April 16 this year, the General Administration of Markets issued the Implementation Plan for the Special Enforcement Action of Protecting Intellectual Property Rights (2024— In 2025), a two-year special campaign will be launched nationwide, which will further strengthen the enforcement of intellectual property rights. The person in charge of the Copyright Administration of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China said that it will support law enforcement departments at all levels to carry out copyright enforcement, continue to carry out special actions such as "Sword Net Action", youth copyright protection season, and crack down on the illegal recording and dissemination of cinema films, highlight the investigation of major cases and the governance of key industries, and constantly optimize the copyright protection environment.

Expanding the "exhibition matrix" of high-level opening to the outside world has achieved fruitful results.

2024 Zhongguancun Forum opens in Beijing.

On the morning of April 25th, 2024 Zhongguancun Forum opened in Beijing. The theme of this year’s forum is "Innovation: Building a Better World". From 25th to 29th, nearly 120 events will be held.

This forum has set up five sections, including forum meeting, technology transaction, achievement release, frontier competition and supporting activities. The guests discussed around the hot spots of science and technology.

This forum will also hold activities such as technology fair to build a trading and sharing platform for more than 3,000 scientific and technological achievements from more than 40 countries and regions.

The number of overseas buyers attending the 135th Canton Fair exceeded 180,000.

As of 17: 00 on April 25th, more than 180,000 overseas buyers from 214 countries and regions attended the 135th Canton Fair offline, an increase of 21.6% over the same period of last year.

117 world premiere cars appeared in auto china.

On April 25th, 2024 auto china opened, and 117 new cars were unveiled, including 30 cars launched by multinational companies. New energy vehicles accounted for more than 80% of the first new cars, and nearly 20 new energy brands made their debut. During the same period of the auto show, many industry summits, trade negotiations, procurement matching meetings and other activities will be held.

The last joint training before the opening of the 2024 Chengdu World Expo.

The 2024 Chengdu World Horticultural Exposition will open on April 26th. On April 25th, the organizing committee held the last joint training before the Expo, and all the volunteers and traffic safety services for the Expo have been put in place. During the 186-day session, more than 1,000 volunteers will participate in the operation of the park and provide voluntary services such as guidance and consultation for Chinese and foreign tourists.

Promote the high-quality development of energy to a higher level

Shanxi’s coalbed methane production in the first quarter accounted for more than 80% of the national total in the same period.

On April 24, the reporter learned from Shanxi Energy Bureau that in the first three months of this year, the total output of coalbed methane in Shanxi Province reached 3.07 billion cubic meters, up 11.8% year-on-year, accounting for about 80.8% of the national output in the same period. Coalbed methane, commonly known as "gas". It is a dangerous "killer" in coal mining. At the same time, it is also a clean energy and strategic resource that the calorific value is 1-4 times higher than that of general-purpose coal, and combustion hardly produces any waste gas, and countries all over the world are scrambling to develop and utilize it. Shanxi is a province with high enrichment degree and great development potential of coalbed methane resources in China. The exploration and development plan of coalbed methane resources in Shanxi Province (2021— 2025) shows that the predicted resources of coalbed methane with a depth of 2000 meters in Shanxi Province are about 8.31 trillion cubic meters, accounting for nearly one-third of the country.

In the first quarter, the proportion of new installed capacity of non-fossil energy power generation exceeded 90%

The reporter learned from China Electric Power Enterprise Association that in the first quarter of this year, the installed capacity of power generation in China increased by 69.43 million kilowatts. Among them, the installed capacity of new non-fossil energy power generation is 63.76 million kilowatts, accounting for 91.8% of the total installed capacity of new power generation. Power installed capacity continues the development trend of green and low carbon.

China’s major power engineering construction will be reported again.

Recently, China’s first "Shagehuang" wind power base is an extra-high voltage power transmission project — — The Ningxia section of the "Ningdian Entering Hunan" line project officially started the construction of conductor stringing, which marked that the "Ningdian Entering Hunan" project entered a new stage.

On April 23rd, the Ningxia section of the 800 kV HVDC transmission project from Ningxia to Hunan started the construction of conductor stringing in Shangliushui Village, Xutao Township, Zhongning County. The construction workers installed the tight wires and accessories at an altitude of more than 50 meters. Previously, electric workers used 12 different types of tensioners and tractors to spread six wires to the tower synchronously. This stringing work will simultaneously cross three transmission lines, namely, the 750 kV II circuit from the Yellow River to Baiyin, the 110 kV Ningxing line and the 330 kV Bai ‘an line.

The Ningxia section of the "Ningdian Entering Hunan" line project is 258 kilometers long, with 495 new iron towers, 68% of which pass through desert, Gobi and desert, and the lines cross over many. From August to November this year, they will also carry out construction across the Yellow River, railways, expressways and transmission lines with different voltage levels. The project is scheduled to be completed and put into operation in 2025. After the project is put into operation, the annual power transmission will be 36 billion kWh to 40 billion kWh, which is equivalent to the average person in Hunan Province getting about 600 kWh of Ningxia power every year.

The central government issued 1.416 billion yuan for agricultural disaster prevention and relief.

On April 25th, the Ministry of Finance, together with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, issued 1.416 billion yuan of disaster prevention and relief funds for agricultural production from the central government, supporting 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) including Heilongjiang and Henan, and Beidahuang Agricultural Reclamation Group to carry out prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of wheat, rice and corn, as well as locusts and red imported fire ants in agricultural areas, so as to provide support for high grain yield throughout the year.

The special campaign to rectify "self-media" bottomless traffic was launched.

Recently, the Central Network Information Office launched "Clear and Clean ‘ Since the media ’ No bottom line traffic "special action. The special campaign lasted for two months, focusing on five aspects, such as rectifying self-directed and self-directed fraud, unscrupulously speculating social hotspots, and setting topics in a general way to create a clean and honest cyberspace.

"Access to DeepSeek" was the hottest word in the car circle in the past few months, but it was the hottest word in the car circle. Now that the noise has subsided and returned to reason, it is time to seriously discuss how AI will reshape the car.

Let’s put a conclusion here first:AI may be the key point of qualitative change of automobile intelligence.

The reason lies in the evolution direction of several core plates of automobile intelligence, all pointing to the ability demand of AI big model: intelligent cockpit should be able to provide more personalized customization or active service; The "end-to-end" required by intelligent driving requires faster and more flexible understanding and decision-making ability; As the bottom support, automotive electronic and electrical architecture is turning to domain centralization and central computing in an all-round way, which requires centralized and flexible scheduling of computing power.

The characteristics of AI big model are also the key solution: the universal base provides a computing base combining end and cloud, and the big model is good at coordinating multi-party information and making quick decisions, especially in the face of common travel scenarios, which can form solutions and give direction suggestions and references in the face of special situations such as corner case.

This has made clear the key to the next generation competition of automobile intelligence, and it may even be the biggest change that automobile, as a tool for human travel, faces in a century of development:AI will become the infrastructure of the next generation of smart cars.

However, it will still take time for AI to reshape the car: the construction of infrastructure is by no means a day’s work. If there is no fundamental integration and transformation of the underlying technology, just like this wave of car companies focusing on marketing, it is neither decent nor honest to make a simple dialogue interface between people and cars, or even to fool directly with a web browser.

Going around, the serious evolution from the beginning of infrastructure depends on the determination and thinking of the giants.

On March 3rd, Geely held a conference on AI intelligent technology, which revitalized the seemingly irrelevant "idle chess" in various fields, demonstrating the first in-depth thinking result of AI as a smart car infrastructure.

Dimension reduction from the beginning of infrastructure

Geely may be the first car company in the automobile circle to seriously discuss the construction of AI infrastructure.

Compared with the "grand strategy" that friends like to announce in the AI field, Geely spent nearly one-third of the conference space, and invited Yin Qi, an AI industry expert and chairman of Qianli Technology, to share the basic judgment on the development of AI big model from the perspective of automobile industry as a member of Geely Technology Ecology, based on objective technical facts.

There are a lot of dry goods. Let’s first look at the final answer of the evolution of AI+ cars given by Geely.

Geely called it "the birth of supernatural human-computer interaction". The logic behind it is that, unlike PC as the core carrier of digitalization and mobile phone as the ultimate entrance to the Internet, AI needs more energy consumption and more access to real information, so cars naturally have the advantage of becoming a "mobile terminal" in the AI ? ? era. The most direct change brought about by AI’s natural "multimodal" interaction and reasoning ability is to connect various services in series across user travel scenarios.

Imagine that in a go on road trip, vehicles can take over the whole driving control according to the accumulation of your usual daily habits, and intelligently help you book the destination food in advance, intelligently recommend different services to couples, family, friends and elders during the trip, and even link with your mobile phone after the trip to intelligently generate travel notes, which can be shared with one click … ..

The so-called "supernatural human-computer interaction" is not a subversion of starting a new stove, but a one-way instruction of traditional people to equipment. It is also a two-way suggestion and feedback between people and equipment, and finally people can communicate with each other and even understand your feelings better.

With a clear goal, starting with the end, we can find the greatest common denominator of infrastructure.Geely’s infrastructure advantages in AI big model can be understood from two key words: computing power+general model.

Here, a few figures can be used to visually show Geely’s achievements: Geely’s "Smart Car Computing Alliance" is based on Star Smart Computing Center 2.0, and its comprehensive computing power has increased to 23.5 EFLOPS. According to "China Computing Network Market Operation Status Survey and Investment Strategy Forecast Report (2023-2030)",By the end of 2023, the scale of AI in China will reach 200 EFLOPS, and Geely’s AI computing power layout is enough to rival nearly 1/10 of the country.

Sufficient computing power corresponds to Geely’s higher goal of building a universal base model.

What is common in the industry is the vertical intelligent driving model, which is short, flat and quick, and easy to produce results. You can understand the difference between the two models like this:Vertical intelligent driving model is a kind of intelligent driving technical scheme that integrates all kinds of road driving scenes, and emphasizes the familiar ones such as laser radar and visual perception, and its relative sources are also limited.

But it is different from the information input and feedback of people’s real driving. People are natural "multi-modal input". You will form a trend judgment according to the change of traffic flow ahead, the command of pedestrians or traffic police, and even the seemingly unrelated scene changes on the road ahead, and make a subconscious reaction and judge the next road conditions and operations.

The universal base model is born for this multi-modal nature, but the exponential explosion of its data volume means that it needs stronger computational support.

An intuitive data comparison is that the specifications of the intelligent driving model widely used in the automobile industry are about 10 million video clips, and a large number of repeated scenes will be mixed in the middle, while the data volume of the universal base model can easily reach 1 billion, even for similar scenes, it will identify the internal trend changes more carefully. Only in the recognition degree of the general obstacle, compared with the industry model, the general model is the gap between "100,000 categories" and "50 categories", and even can identify new obstacles through reasoning, forming the ability of independent learning and decision-making.

To put it bluntly, the universal base model is essentially observed in a mode closer to the real human thinking, and the result is closer to the real human road judgment and driving mode, and truly realizes the anthropomorphic "fully automatic driving" above L3.

On this basis, in order to better understand the real world, Geely and Eco-Partners have created a model matrix that integrates language model, multimodal model and pan-world model. Among them, the language model represented by DeepSeek is aimed at the smooth interaction between human and computer, and the rapid understanding of the world abstract information into words by intelligent driving.

The multi-modal model is represented by Geely’s AI ecological partner Step Star, which can understand and generate images, music and videos. In the end, the foundation of the future industry includes VLA and a world model that can understand the objective reality. Geely has simultaneously laid out the AI Drive model at this level, laying a good foundation for intelligent driving above L3.

According to the computing power demand of the common large model in the industry, the universal base model needs at least tens of thousands of cards for a single training, so this is a "dimension reduction blow" that a "head player" like Geely can achieve. Looking back at Geely’s "Smart Geely 2025" plan put forward at the Longwan conference in 2021, it was now curious and questioned by many people at that time. Geely’s heavy investment and extensive layout in the digital field now have a new answer.

The competition for "AI+ cars" has just begun.

Why is it called a thousand miles?

In the matter of AI reshaping the car, Geely played its own stubbornness as building a car:Starting from the bottom structure, we should pursue the accumulation of wealth and thin hair in the final landing. Only in this way can we meet the goal of "high value" and achieve the blow of dimension reduction.

At the press conference, as the first landing of the AI strategy, Geely released a self-developed "thousands of miles" intelligent driving system, and took the lead in carrying it on two cars: the 2025 modified version of Geely Yinhe E8 and Geely Yinhe Xingyao 8EM.

As a unified intelligent travel solution formed by Geely through AI technologies such as end-to-end, VLM and world model, Qianli Vast is divided into five different levels, namely H1, H3, H5, H7 and H9, with a minimum standard computing power of over 100TOPS.Highest H9 is the industry’s first L3 intelligent driving solution with mass production landing capability, which will be carried on all Geely models.

The most intuitive benefit brought by the vastness of thousands of miles is that users no longer have to choose between the inconsistent experience of intelligent driving and the complicated packaging words of different manufacturers. At the turning point when industrial technology enters the popularization period from the rising period, it is obviously much more important to let more people use it with low threshold than the dazzling skills and packaging of high-end technology.

Geely named this intelligent driving system "Qianli", and the strength behind it is the industry-leading general model and computing power. This is one aspect of technology, and the vastness of the other side emphasizes that this intelligent driving system is not only rich enough to support intelligent driving in various scenarios, but also stable and reliable. As the "safest intelligent driving system", Qianli Vast can be integrated with Geely’s technical standards in the field of car building.

At the press conference, Geely showed a typical scene: the AEB of 120km/h stopped automatically. As one of the most risky dangerous driving scenarios that most users may encounter, compared with many brands who still use this ability as a gimmick for high-level intelligent driving, Geely can directly declare the vast expanse of thousands of miles as a standard, and even avoid the risks in the same lane, and can also avoid the risk scenarios that appear continuously in two lanes.

Qianli Vast integrates the self-research power of Geely’s ecology, which is essentially based on the brand-new anchoring of the industry layout for many years, the VLM model of vision and integration of language, and the universal model base based on the understanding of the real world, and on this basis, it promotes the first mass production of L3.It indicates that China enterprises, represented by Geely, are setting up a real moat in the field of intelligence, especially in terms of technology and experience standards integrated with the whole vehicle, which means that they are ready to promote the maturity of laws and regulations and promote them globally.

This is the competition for upgrading the dimension after laying the foundation first. Compared with most enterprises in the industry, which are still using smart driving to create profit space and avoid responsibility, Geely has made the vast expanse of thousands of miles into the best and most time-tested value in the century-old automobile industry: standard.

AI defines the first player of a car.

Geely’s years of development actually follows similar thinking:Under the grand strategy, the grey line of grass snake will be continuously laid out, and then it will be applied first when the industry changes its qualitative point, so as to realize the great leap and the establishment of moat.

From the acquisition of Volvo, the layout of smart Geely 2025, the layout of vast architecture, and the release of Ningbo Declaration and Taizhou Declaration, Geely AI technology conference marks the first time that Geely has completed the first transformation to "AI defines cars".

The industrial leap of any technology must be the first move of the explorer and the follow-up with the industrial giants, so as to jointly promote the application for thousands of households. The entry of an industrial head enterprise like Geely marks the seeds of innovative technology brought by DeepSeek or other AI ecological partners, with the soil to land.

Similarly, they all need to go through the process of long-term exploration in core technologies and bear huge sunk costs and risks; What a giant like Geely has to do is to discard the false from the true as soon as possible and complete the popularization and application of engineering. In this process, advanced technology has to find true value for users and popularize more scenarios, which is bound to be a long-term process.

But this may also be the "high-value" experience that users can reach at their fingertips as soon as possible: once AI builds a car, it will not be far from the mature products such as "It just works" once it enters the unknown technical engineering.

Original sixiang studio sixiang studio

In recent years, more and more urbanites choose to keep pets as companions. After a busy day’s work, it is undoubtedly a "charging moment" for pet owners to be greeted by pets at home, and the fatigue is instantly forgotten.

However, there are also many people who also love pets, but they dare not take the step of raising pets, not because of the cost and energy consumption brought by breeding, but because they are afraid of the sadness after losing their "family".

After all, compared with the life span of people, the life span of pets is mostly short. So, what kind of pet can bring relatively long-term companionship?

Text | Big Meng Ni | Roxie Diagram | Four Elephants Design Department

01

What kind of pet do you want to have longer company?

They are also "good friends of human beings", and the life span of different pet breeds is very different.

Hamsters with an average life span of only two or three years have turtles that can live for more than 30 years … … and most pets have an average life span of less than 15 years.

For example, the average life span of our most familiar pet dogs is about 10~13 years; The average life span of pet cats is slightly longer, which is only 12~15 years.

But this is only the average value. In fact, even if it is the same species, the life expectancy of different varieties is not consistent. Take pet dogs as an example, the general rule is that the bigger the body, the shorter the life span. The average life span of large dogs is about 9 years, while that of small dogs can reach 12 years.

It can be said that the companionship of more than ten years is the cornerstone for pets to establish close feelings with their owners.

02

Do pets and owners grow up together?

In many families, pets grow up synchronously with children, and the process of children growing up from babbling toddlers is also the process of pets entering old age from childhood. From this perspective, a pet’s life is also an important part of family memories.

Because the absolute length of pets’ life span is not as long as that of human beings, their growth rate will naturally not be completely synchronized with human beings. Taking pet dogs as an example, there has always been a saying that "a dog born for one year is worth seven years to human beings". Is this really the case?

In fact, the age conversion between dogs and humans is not linear, but variable.

Pet dogs grow very fast when they are young, and they can develop into a state of about 20 years old in half a year. But after rapid adulthood, the pace of maturity of dogs will gradually slow down. When the dog lives to be seven or eight years old, the aging rate will further slow down. At that time, when the dog is one year old, it is probably only equal to one or two years of life.

In many families with pets and babies, there will be a warm scene of pets looking after babies. In the eyes of human parents, it may be that children of the same age are playing with them, but in the inner world of dogs, it may be that mature "middle-aged dogs" are fulfilling their responsibilities and helping young people at home to take care of their cubs.

03

The average life expectancy of people is rising, but pets are declining.

Pets, which occupy an important position in the family, have also buried emotional hidden dangers for their owners-once their lives come to an end, they will bring a huge psychological blow.

It is precisely because of the rising status of pets in the family that human capital investment in pet medical care and even pet funeral has reached an unprecedented height. Many people spend a lot of money to treat their pets, and some people spend a lot of money to do things for their pets, just to let the hairy children go smoothly.

In the last decade, pet medical and pet funeral industries have ushered in a spurt of development. In 2023 alone, 1,920 pet funeral-related companies were established in China, while the total number of related companies established in the decade from 2003 to 2012 was only 64.

Although the time and cost that pet owners are willing to invest have soared, unfortunately, unlike the rising trend of human life expectancy, in less than 50 years (1970-2016), the average life expectancy of pet dogs has been shortened by 35%, from 17 to 11 years.

Why on earth is this?

In 2014, The Kennel Club, a British kennel club, investigated the causes of death of 5,700 pet dogs. The data shows that cancer is the biggest killer affecting its life span, accounting for nearly a quarter of the total, even exceeding the death of aging.

Among the dogs who died of cancer, the causes with the highest proportion were bone tumor (3.99%), lymphatic tumor (3.18%) and brain tumor (2.81%). The biggest killer that threatens human health also takes the lives of pets.

Ten years ago, The Kennel Club did the same research. The proportion of dogs that died of natural aging in that year was 17.8%, but now it is only 13.8%, that is to say, the number of pet dogs that died of diseases or accidents increased by 4% in ten years.

What is frightening is that the shortened life span of pets may be related to the popular lifestyle. According to the speeches of relevant insiders, the following three possibilities can be summarized:

First of all, genetic inheritance, artificial breeding of purebred dogs with similar blood vessels, easy to lose genetic diversity, greatly improving the probability of congenital genetic diseases; Secondly, pet dry food has changed the original diet structure, which is difficult to meet the demand of nutritional diversity, and long-term single nutrition source will affect its resistance; In addition, modern pets are often trapped in high-rise houses, and daily dog walking activities can not fully meet their activity needs, especially for large dogs.

The process of raising pets is not only that pets accompany people through a journey, but also that humans spend their lives with pets. Under the restriction of natural conditions, no matter what efforts are made, this is also a banquet that must end, but the time of sincere treatment will not live up to it. In addition to the investment of time, money and love, it is necessary to adopt scientific parenting methods to make this period of time longer and longer.

Original title: "Pet life ranking: modern" pet-loving "way to shorten the life of dogs by 6 years"

Read the original text

　　Cctv newsAt present, world economic and trade growth is slowing down and external uncertainties are increasing. However, looking at the economic data of foreign trade, China’s foreign trade exports still show a good momentum of contrarian growth. This fully shows that the basic trend of China’s economic stability and long-term improvement has not changed.

　　According to the data of the General Administration of Customs, the total import and export value of China’s goods trade in 2019 was 31.54 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.4%. Among them, the export of goods was 17.23 trillion yuan, an increase of 5%; The trade surplus was 2.92 trillion yuan, an increase of 25.4%. China is expected to continue to maintain its position as the largest country in global trade in goods.

　　Behind the exciting data is the strong resilience, potential and room for maneuver of China’s economy.

　　China is the largest manufacturing country in the world, with a complete, independent and complete modern industrial system. The output of more than 220 kinds of industrial products in China ranks first in the world, and domestic industries provide strong support for the development of foreign trade.

　　China also has a large number of foreign trade enterprises. In 2019, there were as many as 499,000 foreign trade enterprises with actual import and export activities.

　　It is worth mentioning that in 2019, China’s private enterprises’ exports increased by 13%, imports increased by 8.4%, and the proportion of exports reached 51.9%, surpassing foreign-invested enterprises for the first time and becoming China’s largest foreign trade subject.

　　… … … …

　　Sheng Laiyun, deputy director of the National Bureau of Statistics, said in an interview with Focus Interview: "This fully shows that, first, the policies and measures adopted by the China government to stabilize foreign trade according to the changes in the situation are powerful and effective; Second, China products are competitive. "

　　In 2019, the export of mechanical and electrical products in China was 10.06 trillion yuan, up 4.4%, accounting for 58.4% of the total export value. Among them, the export of electrical and electronic products was 4.63 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.4%; The export of machinery and equipment was 2.87 trillion yuan, up by 1.4%.

　　China’s export trade has achieved contrarian growth, thanks to the deepening of supply-side structural reforms. According to the column of Economic Daily, only by strengthening independent innovation, speeding up industrial upgrading and actively adapting to the world market demand can we build more and better brands in China. Liu Qiao, dean of Guanghua School of Management, Peking University, also said: "China has participated in the global industrial division of labor for decades, and has accumulated many core competitive advantages over the years."

　　On September 6, 2018, in the railway container yard of Manzhouli Port, the staff of the shunting team was commanding the trailer. Manzhouli, Inner Mongolia, has developed into an important transportation hub on the Eurasian logistics channel relying on its geographical advantages.

　　While improving core competitiveness, the contrarian growth of foreign trade also benefits from the continuous expansion of trade scale between China and countries along the "Belt and Road". From 2014 to 2019, the trade value with countries along the Belt and Road totaled more than 44 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 6.1%. China has become the largest trading partner of 25 countries along the route.

　　At present, China’s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage. It is necessary to further deepen the supply-side structural reform and foreign trade system reform, stimulate the institutional vitality and innovation potential, and promote China’s foreign trade development to achieve "three transformations" — — From factor-driven to innovation-driven, from scale and speed to quality and efficiency, from cost and price advantages to new competitive advantages.

　　Under the strong momentum of foreign trade export growth, continuing to do a good job of "six stabilities" and promoting the high-quality development of China’s trade is not only a strong support for the high-quality development of China’s economy, but also a strong support for economic globalization and the multilateral trading system.

During this time, I read a book, which was written by Katie Rosen, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States. In his book, he wrote: "The earliest restaurant in the world appeared in Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty around 1100 AD …" I really can’t agree with this conclusion.

When did the China restaurant appear? Although there is no detailed record in the history books. However, according to Han Feizi, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were many wineries in the urban and rural areas of the Song Dynasty, such as the Zhuang family, which were "very beautiful for wine" and "very hospitable to guests", and "hung high" outside the wineries. The "sign" here is equivalent to the "screen" or "curtain" for later wineries to attract customers. At the same time, Records of the Historian, which was written more than 2,000 years ago, recorded that Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu, was lustful and joyful when he was young. He often went to Wang Wei and Wu Fu to drink on credit and fell asleep when he was drunk. Wang Wei and Wu Fu also found that whenever Liu Bang drinks in the shop, the number of people who come to buy wine will increase exponentially.

Xin Yannian, a famous poet in the Eastern Han Dynasty, once wrote a poem in "Yu Lin Lang": "In the fifteenth year of Hu Ji’s reign, spring will be the only day. Long tie, wide sleeves, acacia …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. As far as I’m concerned, I’m asking for rare dishes, and I’m eating carp in a golden plate. " These poems vividly show that as early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, China not only had a liquor store specializing in selling wine, but also used exquisite wine utensils, and even the shredded carp in the golden plate was cut very beautifully.

The reason why Katie Rosen set the appearance time of China restaurant in the Northern Song Dynasty may be influenced by the separate dining system in China. The dining system in China has a long history, and it was still popular in the Han Dynasty at least 2,000 years ago. When eating separately, everyone sits on the floor, with a low small dining table with utensils and wine on it. If someone comes to propose a toast, the diner will leave the small table and prostrate himself on the ground in order to show his humility and respect for the toaster, so it is called "avoiding seats".

During the period of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, Tian Fen, the uncle of Emperor Liu Che, was married, and the civil and military officials in the DPRK went to congratulate her. During the dinner, in order to thank the guests, Tian Fen got up and made a toast. The guests who were sitting left their seats and fell on the ground, expressing their gratitude. In order to ease the contradiction with Tian Fen, Dou Ying, the prime minister of the dynasty, also took the opportunity to stand up and propose a toast to the guests. Among the guests present, except for some old friends of Dou Ying who got up and left their seats, the rest half of them sat there as usual, only slightly indebted to the upper body. Therefore, Dou Ying’s intimate friend irrigation husband made a big banquet in order to save face for Dou Ying. Eventually, Tian Dou became hostile, and Guan Fu and Dou Ying were beheaded successively.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, frequent wars made the traditional customs, life order and closely related etiquette system established in the Central Plains since the Yin and Zhou Dynasties strongly impacted. Especially with the influx of high tables and chairs in the western regions, the dining system of sitting on the floor in the Central Plains has also changed.

The time from China’s meal-sharing system to dinner-sharing system is also vague. However, at least we have seen the embryonic form of dinner-sharing system in the famous masterpiece Han Xizai’s Night Banquet by Gu Hongzhong, a famous painter in the Southern Tang Dynasty. In this famous painting, there are not only high tables and big chairs, but also many people eating at the same table. Although the food placed in front of each of them is exactly the same, it is still very different from the dining system in Qin and Han Dynasties.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, the dining system has become the mainstream of society, which we can see from Zhang Zeduan’s The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. Let me tell you another story here: During the Northern Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi’s colleagues invited him to dinner and found that Wang Anshi only ate the nearest dish of taro. Wang Anshi’s colleagues thought that Wang Anshi liked taro and sent many taro to the palace afterwards. Mrs. Wang was surprised and said, "My" xianggong "doesn’t like taro. Isn’t there any other food before my" xianggong "?

From this allusion, we can also know that the separation and gathering in the Northern Song Dynasty was very popular. The prevalence of separation and gathering, as Katie Rosen wrote in "Xiasa Pavilion", "benefits from Kaifeng’s huge population, relatively prosperous economy and rich food categories and cooking methods". As far as Tokyo, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, is concerned, the famous restaurants are Fan Lou, Panlou, Huixian Restaurant, etc. If the plot of Water Margin is to be believed, it is in Jiangzhou Xunyang Building that Sung River burps, rides in a drunken mood, grinds to a thick ink and dips in his pen, and inscribes the "anti-poem" on the white powder wall that makes him have no turning back.

No.22 [2001] of Guangdong Government Office

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Forwarding the State Council General Office to the State Council Economic Restructuring Office and other departments.

Notice on rectifying and standardizing the opinions of the pharmaceutical market

　　

People’s governments of cities, counties and autonomous counties, and relevant units directly under the provincial capital:

　　Now, with the consent of the provincial people’s government, we will forward the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Opinions of the State Council Economic Restructuring Office and other departments on rectifying and standardizing the drug market (No.17 [2001] of the State Council, hereinafter referred to as the Notice) to you, and now we put forward the following opinions, please implement them together.

　　First, rectifying and standardizing the drug market is an important measure to standardize the drug circulation order and promote the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry. People’s governments at all levels and relevant departments should strictly follow the spirit of the the State Council Notice and the arrangements of the provincial party committee and government for rectifying the market economic order, intensify the rectification of the pharmaceutical market, and severely crack down on illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling counterfeit and inferior drugs. Governments at all levels should be serious and responsible, resolutely oppose all forms of local protectionism, take practical and effective measures, strengthen supervision of the drug market in their respective jurisdictions, and investigate and deal with all kinds of illegal and illegal drug trading.

　　Two, all levels of health, price, economy and trade, drug supervision, Chinese medicine and other departments should improve the centralized bidding and purchasing system of drugs, and strengthen the supervision of drug bidding and purchasing behavior and price. This year, the main drug varieties of medical institutions at or above the county level in the province should be fully purchased by centralized bidding, and the bidding volume of drugs should reach more than 50% of the usage. On the premise of not exceeding the maximum retail price stipulated by the government, the winning drugs can be priced according to the difference rate stipulated by the bid price; Most of the benefits of reducing drug prices through bidding procurement should benefit patients. All relevant departments should strive to improve the transparency of drug prices. For drugs with market-regulated prices, it is necessary to gradually print retail prices on drug packaging, so as to clearly mark prices. Resolutely crack down on indiscriminate price increases or low-price dumping, maintain normal drug price order, and effectively protect the vital interests of the people.

　　Three, all localities should combine this year to carry out the "anti misleading, false" advertising market governance special action, comprehensively rectify the drug advertising market order. Focus on the control of illegal, illegal, unscientific, exaggerated efficacy, deceiving consumers; Severely punish acts that interfere with people’s rational and safe use of drugs, and standardize the release order of drug advertisements. Those who publish false drug advertisements after investigation shall be punished according to law.

　　Four, rectify and standardize the drug market is an important work related to people’s health and social stability and development. Governments at all levels and relevant departments should, in combination with the actual situation of their own departments in the region, pay close attention to formulating implementation plans to ensure that all measures to rectify and standardize the drug market are implemented.

General Office of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government

April 19th, 2001

General Office of the State Council forwarded the State Council Economic Restructuring Office and other departments.

Notice on rectifying and standardizing the opinions of the pharmaceutical market

Guo Ban Fa [2001] No.17

　　

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

　　The State Council Economic Restructuring Office, the State Planning Commission, the State Economic and Trade Commission, the Ministry of Health, the State Drug Administration and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce "Opinions on Rectifying and Regulating the Drug Market" have been approved by the State Council, and are hereby forwarded to you, please implement them carefully.

General Office of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

March 10, 2001

Opinions on rectifying and standardizing the pharmaceutical market

The State Council Economic Restructuring Office, State Planning Commission and State Economic and Trade Commission

Ministry of Health, State Drug Administration and State Administration for Industry and Commerce

(January 19th, 2001)

　　In order to further implement the spirit of the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Guiding Opinions of the State Council Economic Restructuring Office and Other Departments on the Reform of Urban Medical and Health System (No.16 [2000] of Guo Ban Fa), deepen the reform of pharmaceutical production and circulation system, promote the transformation of functions of relevant government departments, strengthen supervision, treat both the symptoms and root causes, intensify the rectification of the pharmaceutical market, standardize the order of the pharmaceutical market, and promote the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry, we hereby put forward the following opinions:

　　First, crack down on illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling counterfeit and inferior drugs.

　　All regions and relevant departments should continue to crack down on the illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and inferior drugs on the basis of conscientiously implementing the notice of the State Council on launching joint action to crack down on illegal and criminal activities of manufacturing and selling fake and inferior commodities (Guo Fa [2000] No.32). For major and important cases of manufacturing and selling fake and inferior drugs that have been discovered, drug supervision, public security, industrial and commercial administration, supervision and other departments should trace back to the source, thoroughly identify manufacturing and selling dens, circulation channels, storage places, sales places and people involved, eliminate the root causes of manufacturing and selling fake and inferior drugs, resolutely punish criminals and disciplinary personnel, and especially punish the chief criminals and recidivists who manufacture and sell fake and inferior drugs and constitute crimes quickly and severely according to law. Drug supervision and other departments should adhere to the combination of centralized rectification and strengthening daily supervision, strengthen market supervision and deepen reform, combine counterfeiting with supporting excellent enterprises, improve the drug quality supervision system and inspection system, and purify the drug market environment.

　　Two, the rectification of all kinds of illegal and illegal drug business behavior.

　　It is necessary to take practical and effective measures to comprehensively strengthen the management of drug market access, rectify all kinds of illegal and illegal drug sales, ban unlicensed drug sales and illegal transactions, and investigate and deal with giving and receiving kickbacks and other commercial bribery in drug purchase and sale activities. In the work of banning drug markets, it is necessary to implement the responsibility system of local governments and resolutely oppose various forms of local protectionism. Relevant parties should unify their thinking, cooperate with each other, consolidate the achievements of rectifying the pharmaceutical market, and properly handle the aftermath. If the banned illegal drug trading market turns dark or resurfaces, it should continue to be severely cracked down and severely punished. If the problem is serious, the relevant localities, departments and their responsible persons should be held accountable.

　　Three, strictly implement the drug management system of separating government from enterprise.

　　Drug supervision and other relevant departments shall, in accordance with the requirements of the Notice of the State Council on Approving the Reform Plan of Drug Supervision and Management System in National Medical Products Administration (Guo Fa [2000] No.10), follow the principle of separating government from enterprises, separating supervision and law enforcement from industry management functions, highlighting supervision and management, being unified and efficient, and being consistent in responsibilities and rights, speed up the reform of drug supervision and management system and improve the drug supervision and management system. Drug supervision and other departments should be completely decoupled from their affiliated pharmaceutical companies or pharmaceutical institutions affiliated in various forms and names, and should not maintain economic interests with any pharmaceutical institutions. In the development of pharmaceutical industry and enterprises, we should support and play the role of industry self-regulatory organizations.

　　Four, promote the development and alliance of superior pharmaceutical enterprises.

　　Resolutely break departmental or local monopolies, ownership restrictions and administrative protection that hinder fair competition, adjust policies and regulations that are not conducive to giving full play to the positive role of market mechanisms, establish a drug quality management monitoring system organized by relevant state departments, cancel repeated testing, repeated examination and approval, and repeated issuance of "quasi-sales licenses" for pharmaceutical enterprises in various places, and cancel restrictions on pharmaceutical enterprises in other regions from entering the local drug market in the name of filing and registration. We should give full play to the role of market mechanism and optimize the structure of pharmaceutical industry. It is necessary to create an environment of fair competition, support superior pharmaceutical enterprises to expand their business scale through acquisitions and mergers, promote the development of marketing methods such as drug agency distribution and chain operation, and form a number of cross-regional, large-scale, intensive and high-level pharmaceutical enterprise groups to play a key role in drug production and circulation.

　　Five, reverse the situation of low-level duplication of drug production.

　　Local people’s governments at all levels should make up their minds to rectify small pharmaceutical factories and shut down a number of small pharmaceutical factories that pollute the environment, waste resources, do not conform to industrial policies and industry development plans, have low-level redundant construction, fail to meet GMP standards for pharmaceutical production enterprises or fail to operate normally. Drug regulatory authorities should clean up and rectify the hospital preparation room, and hospitals that can normally supply preparations in the market shall not repeat production, and hospitals that do not have preparation conditions shall not be renewed.

　　Six, clean up and rectify the drug circulation enterprises

　　Cleaning up and rectifying drug circulation enterprises should be combined with the work of drug business renewal. Drug circulation enterprises that have an imperfect quality assurance system, irregular business practices and fail to meet the conditions for renewal shall not be renewed; Drug circulation enterprises that are insolvent, on the verge of bankruptcy, or fail to meet the quality management standards (GSP) for drug business within a certain period of time will be resolutely disqualified; Drug circulation enterprises that cannot operate drugs normally and mainly rely on renting office buildings, warehouses and other properties to survive should be rectified, and those that engage in illegal investment operations should be investigated and punished according to law until their drug business licenses are revoked.

　　Seven, improve the centralized bidding system of drugs.

　　The health department should standardize the management of drug use in medical institutions, expand the varieties of drugs purchased by centralized bidding, and gradually bring the main drug varieties into the scope of centralized bidding and purchasing. Strict examination and management should be carried out on important links in drug procurement by tender, such as bid evaluation methods and the composition of expert database for the whole society, so as to ensure the openness, fairness and impartiality of drug procurement by tender. Health, drug supervision, price authorities and other departments should supervise the bidding and purchasing behavior and price of drugs. The retail price of drugs purchased by bidding should be reasonably set based on the actual purchase price. The benefits of reducing drug prices through bidding should mainly benefit patients, and medical institutions can share a certain proportion.

　　Eight, promote the electronic trading of medical commodities.

　　Establish and improve the electronic trading system of medical commodities certified, supervised and managed by relevant government departments, actively promote the electronic trading of medical commodities, give full play to the role of electronic trading system as a bridge between drug production, circulation and consumption, communicate information in time, realize fast trading, and use this system to entrust centralized bidding and purchasing of medical commodities, bring trading behavior into a standardized and open track, and correct unhealthy trends in the purchase and sale of medical commodities from the system.

　　Nine, strengthen the construction of rural drug supply network

　　It is necessary to effectively solve the problem of lack of regular and stable drug supply channels in the vast rural areas and strengthen the construction of rural drug supply networks. Encourage large and medium-sized pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises to merge with small pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises, extend the sales network to the county level, and develop rural drug sales outlets to facilitate farmers to purchase drugs. Promote centralized bidding and purchasing drugs through rural health service network. In remote areas, rural health service management can also be integrated, and township hospitals can purchase drugs for rural doctors in a unified way to prevent counterfeit and inferior drugs from flowing to rural areas and ensure the safety of farmers’ medication.

　　Ten, the implementation of separate accounting and management of medicine.

　　Health departments and medical institutions at all levels should actively implement the policies and measures of separate accounting and management of medicines, and strictly implement the relevant provisions on the management of two lines of revenue and expenditure. On the basis of standardizing financial subsidies and adjusting the price of medical services, the outpatient pharmacy of medical institutions will be gradually changed into a pharmaceutical retail enterprise, with independent accounting and tax payment according to regulations, and equal competition with social retail pharmacies will promote the socialization, specialization and intensification of drug circulation, improve efficiency and reduce costs.

　　Community health organizations, outpatient departments and individual clinics can only distribute commonly used and first-aid drugs approved by provincial health and drug supervision departments. Health and drug supervision departments should pay close attention to formulating the catalogue of commonly used and first-aid drugs and related management measures, and implement the above measures as soon as possible at the grassroots level.

　　Eleven, accelerate the implementation of the classified management system of prescription drugs and over-the-counter drugs.

　　Drug supervision and other departments should actively cooperate, improve policies, standardize and manage the sales of prescription drugs as soon as possible. On the basis of ensuring safety and effectiveness, in order to meet the needs of people’s self-care, speed up the selection of over-the-counter drugs and expand the circulation channels of over-the-counter drugs. Class B OTC drugs can be sold in retail stores of daily necessities upon approval.

　　Twelve, improve the management of new drug research and approval.

　　It is necessary to revise the standards of new drugs and encourage the research and innovation of new drugs. If the technical content is not high and the research and production are repeated at a low level, the drug regulatory authorities should strictly check and not approve the production. Those who resort to deceit in the approval of new drugs should be dealt with severely according to law. The policies and regulations, working procedures and time limits of new drug approval management should be open to the public and subject to social supervision.

　　Thirteen, increase the intensity of drug price supervision.

　　Gradually implement the system of drug price publicity and the system of printing retail prices on drug packaging, and increase the supervision of drug prices. This work starts with some drugs with market-regulated prices and is gradually extended to all kinds of drugs sold in China. It is necessary to make it clear that the price stipulated by the state is the highest price limit, and to retail drugs in hospitals or pharmacies, it is allowed to sell or print the price below but not above the public price.

　　Fourteen, strengthen the supervision and management of drug advertising.

　　Drug regulatory authorities at all levels and administrative departments for industry and commerce should conscientiously implement the spirit of the Notice of the State Drug Administration and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce on Strengthening the Examination and Management of Prescription Drug Advertisements (No.14 [2001] of the State Administration of Medicine) and gradually stop advertising prescription drugs in the mass media. Drug regulatory authorities should strictly examine all kinds of drug advertisements in accordance with the relevant provisions, and supervise and inspect their daily publication and broadcasting. If illegal or illegal drug advertisements are found, they should take timely measures to deal with them accordingly. The administrative department for industry and commerce should intensify the investigation and punishment of illegal and illegal drug advertisements, and effectively regulate the release order of drug advertisements.

　　Fifteen, comprehensively implement the measures to rectify and standardize the drug market.

　　Rectifying and standardizing the pharmaceutical market is related to the vital interests of the broad masses of the people, to the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry and health undertakings, and to the overall situation of reform, opening up and stability. All regions and relevant departments should attach great importance to it, strengthen leadership, unify their thinking, raise awareness, overcome local and departmental departmentalism, and comprehensively use legal, economic, administrative and public opinion means in a spirit of being highly responsible to the country and the people to conscientiously rectify and standardize the drug market.

　　All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in accordance with the above opinions and in combination with the actual situation in the region, pay close attention to formulating implementation plans, make careful arrangements and organize them carefully to ensure that all measures to rectify and standardize the drug market are implemented. The relevant departments of the State Council will timely supervise and inspect the implementation of this opinion in various regions.

　　Guangzhou Daily News (all-media reporter Wang Jing correspondent Luo Ting, Yang Shangshang) Psoriasis, commonly known as "psoriasis", is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is easy to recur. The reporter learned from the "Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment of Psoriasis in China" that it is estimated that there are at least 10 million psoriasis patients in China. Experts remind that some advertisements claim to cure psoriasis, so don’t blindly believe it. Although psoriasis can’t be cured, it can be controlled and stabilized through regular, safe and personalized standardized treatment. More and more biological agents are on the market, which also provides more choices for patients.

　　China at least.

　　There are 10 million patients with psoriasis.

　　Psoriasis can occur at any age, and there is no obvious gender difference. However, young people aged 20 to 30 are more likely to be targeted by psoriasis.

　　In 2008, an epidemiological survey of psoriasis in six provinces and cities in China showed that the prevalence rate of psoriasis in six cities was 0.47%, so it was estimated that there were more than 6 million patients with psoriasis in China. Professor Shi Yuling, director of the dermatology department of the Tenth People’s Hospital affiliated to Tongji University and director of the Institute of Psoriasis of Tongji University Medical College, said that experts from the Psoriasis Professional Committee of the Dermatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association agreed that with the increasing incidence, it is estimated that there are at least 10 million psoriasis patients in China at present.

　　"Psoriasis has become a very common skin disease like eczema and urticaria." Shi Yuling said that infection is the most common cause of psoriasis. In addition, drinking, smoking, drugs and mental factors can all induce psoriasis.

　　Don’t believe in the guide, believe in traveling doctors?

　　When the heart hurts the liver!

　　"Psoriasis is a skin disease that makes doctors and patients very big." Talking about the treatment of psoriasis, Professor Zhang Xibao, director of the Institute of Dermatology of Guangzhou Medical University and chief special expert of Guangzhou Institute of Dermatology and Prevention, admitted that there is no radical cure for psoriasis at present, and its treatment purpose is mainly to control symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients.

　　Local therapy, physical therapy and systemic therapy … … How to choose many treatment methods? According to Zhang Xibao, according to the guidelines for the treatment of psoriasis in China (2018 Simplified Edition), the treatment of psoriasis should be standardized, safe and individualized according to the specific conditions of patients, with mild external treatment as the main treatment, and systemic treatment for moderate and severe cases. Patients with poor therapeutic effect on traditional systemic drugs can appropriately choose targeted biological agents for treatment.

　　Many patients with psoriasis are struggling to find a radical cure, and even blindly believe in the so-called ancestral secret recipe in the mouth of Jianghu doctors. "Don’t trust the traveling doctor, and don’t listen to the unrealistic idea of a temporary cure." Shi Yuling pointed out that drug abuse and blindly listening to advertisements are common misunderstandings in the treatment of psoriasis, which can not cure psoriasis, but may damage health.

　　According to Shi Yuling’s clinical observation, nearly half of the patients she contacted had had irregular treatment before. "Psoriasis itself is not fatal, but if it is not treated properly, the side effects may be fatal. Some patients have heard that psoriasis can be cured somewhere, without considering the side effects. When they come to the hospital, their liver function is already in a mess. "

　　Skin lesion area is greater than 10%

　　Consider using biological agents.

　　In recent years, more and more biological agents are on the market, which provides more choices for psoriasis patients. Which patients can use it? Is the curative effect really that good?

　　Shi Yuling introduced that in the treatment of psoriasis, the indications of biological agents are mainly moderate and severe psoriasis patients with skin lesions greater than 10%. "It is difficult for psoriasis patients with skin lesions greater than 10% to solve the problem only by using external drugs. We suggest systematic treatment. When the traditional system is not effective, biological agents can be considered, especially for young patients. "

　　However, not all psoriasis patients who need to use biological agents can use biological agents. Due to the high cost, the utilization rate of biological agents in the clinical treatment of psoriasis is not high at present. It is understood that the annual cost of using biological agents is about 50,000 to 80,000 yuan.

　　Shi Yuling reminded that the safe and rational use of biological agents is also particularly important. Before using biological agents, it is very important to screen patients with infection, tuberculosis and hepatitis, and regular follow-up should be carried out during the use to exclude infectious diseases such as hepatitis and tuberculosis.

　　"With so many good drugs, it is also a question whether patients are willing to use them." Professor Zeng Fanqin, the chief physician of dermatology at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, pointed out that patient compliance is the main challenge in the treatment of psoriasis, and it is also a common problem in the world.

　　Psoriasis is not only a skin disease, but also a systemic disease. Because of the long course of disease, psoriasis needs long-term disease management, and many patients will be accompanied by different degrees of negative emotions, which will also affect the condition to some extent. Zeng Fanqin believes that the compliance of patients with psoriasis can be improved through patient education, doctor-patient communication and individualized effective treatment.