China Jiangxi Network Ganzhou News CorrespondentLiu binReport: At about 17: 00 Beijing time on April 19th, 2018, news came from the headquarters of FAO in Rome, Italy. At the 5th GIAHS International Forum, 14 projects in China, Egypt, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Portugal, Spain and Sri Lanka were awarded the title of "Global Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage". "Rice Terrace System in Southern Mountainous Areas of China"-"Hakka Terrace in Chongyi, Jiangxi" was officially recognized as an important global agricultural cultural heritage, and was awarded the license by FAO on the spot. Liu Chunxiang, the county leader, attended the forum in Rome on behalf of the county party committee and government and accepted the award from Ms. Sai Mei Duo, Deputy Director-General of FAO. Since then, "Jiangxi Chongyi Hakka Terrace" has officially stepped out of the country and entered the world.

　　It is reported that there are four new projects in China this time: rice terraced field system in southern mountainous areas of China, agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry complex system in Zhagana, Diebu, Gansu, mulberry fish pond system in Huzhou, Zhejiang, and ancient mulberry trees in Xiajin, Shandong. So far, 15 projects in China have entered the world’s important agricultural cultural heritage protection family, ranking first in the world.

　　In 2014, the Chongyi County Party Committee and the county government officially launched the application for the Hakka terraced fields. In the past four years, around the "protection, inheritance and development" of terraced fields, the county has spared no effort to make the Hakka terraced fields "original".

　　From September 17th to 19th, 2017, Hailinda Ouyiqi, an expert from the Expert Advisory Group of the Global Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage (GIAHS) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and her party visited our county for a three-day investigation and evaluation of the global important agricultural cultural heritage.

　　On September 26, 2017, news came from the headquarters of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in Rome, Italy, and the request for the global important agricultural cultural heritage "Chongyi Hakka Terrace System" declared by our county was approved in principle by the experts of the GIAHS Scientific Advisory Committee.

　　On February 5th, 2018, FAO sent a letter to China’s Ministry of Agriculture, confirming that "China Southern Mountain Rice Terrace System" was selected as a global important agricultural cultural heritage, and Jiangxi Chongyi Hakka Terrace was selected as a sub-project of "China Southern Rice Terrace System" as a global important agricultural cultural heritage (GIAHS).

　　On April 19, 2018, the "China Southern Mountain Rice Terrace System"-"Jiangxi Chongyi Hakka Terrace" was officially recognized as an important global agricultural cultural heritage, and was awarded by the FAO in Rome, Italy.

　　It is reported that "Jiangxi Chongyi Hakka Terrace" existed in the Southern Song Dynasty, which was built in the late Ming Dynasty and completed in the early Qing Dynasty, with a history of more than 800 years. Looking at the Hakka terraces, I saw a chain-like belt, winding from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain, layered on top of each other and strewn at random; Seen from a height, the beautiful lines of terraced fields are one by one, or parallel or cross, winding like spring snails and spreading like a cloud tower, showing the fascinating curvaceous beauty. Its lines are flowing, natural and unrestrained, and it is known as the "beautiful ladder", and it is also one of the oldest ancient terraced fields in China. Pieces, rows and rows of terraced fields are like a heavy epic across the world, witnessing the wisdom and sweat of Hakka ancestors and becoming a spectacle of Hakka farming civilization. At present, Chongyi Hakka Terrace Reserve covers an area of more than 40,000 mu, stretching over Shangbao, Fengzhou and Sishun townships, with more than 30,000 mu in Shangbao alone. The scope of the reserve is 73 kilometers from east to west and 59 kilometers from north to south.

Chengdu Universiade, Hangzhou Asian Games and Asian Paralympic Games were held successively, and achieved carbon neutrality for the first time in the history of the Asian Games. The United Nations General Assembly adopted the resolution of Olympic Truce for the Paris Olympic Games … Recently, the top ten domestic and international sports news in 2023 jointly evaluated by China Sports Daily and People’s Daily Sports Department was announced.

In 2023, domestic sports were brilliant. The Asian Games in Hangzhou is the largest and highest-level international comprehensive sports event successfully held in China after the 20th victory of the Party. The China sports delegation achieved the goal of training troops for the Paris Olympic Games while achieving impressive results. Chengdu Universiade and the first Youth Association were successfully held, which became a stage for young athletes to communicate with each other. China athletes made great achievements, China swimmers made breakthroughs in the World Championships, Qin Haiyang became the new "frog king" and broke the men’s 200-meter breaststroke world record, China rhythmic gymnastics won the first world championship, China women’s basketball team won the Asian championship again after 12 years, Guo Yu defended the Sudirman Cup, Guo Ping won five championships in the World Championships, and Ding Liren won the first chess world chess champion for China, all of which showed that China athletes inherited and carried forward the Chinese sportsmanship. In addition, "Village BA" and "Village Super" contribute to rural revitalization, and the official launch of the "Ode to Chinese Sports Spirit" project is also a hot topic in the domestic sports field this year.

In 2023, international sports events continued. The United Nations General Assembly adopted the resolution of Olympic Truce for the Paris Olympic Games, and the Los Angeles Olympic Games added new fashion items such as flag football and squash. Spain and Germany won the women’s and men’s world cups for the first time, while Morocco, Portugal and Spain became the main host countries of the 2030 football world cup. Personally, Messi, Djokovic and Kiptum have all become the creators of historical records in their respective project fields.

The annual top ten domestic and international sports news jointly evaluated by this newspaper and the People’s Daily Sports Department has been carried out for many years, which is an important year-end inventory of sports media.

domestic

The 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou and the 4th Asian Games for the Disabled were successfully held.

From September 23rd to October 8th, and from October 22nd to October 28th, the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou and the 4th Asian Games for the Disabled were successfully held. The Supreme Leader of president attended the opening ceremony of the Hangzhou Asian Games and announced the opening of the Asian Games. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, Zhejiang Province and Hangzhou City have made solid progress in various preparations, carefully organized and guaranteed the games, and ensured that "the two Asian Games are equally wonderful". At the Hangzhou Asian Games, the China sports delegation won 201 gold medals and 383 medals, which was the best result in the history of participating in the Asian Games and topped the gold medal list for the 11th time. At the Hangzhou Asian Para Games, the China sports delegation won 214 gold medals and 521 medals, ranking first in the gold medal list and medal list of the Asian Para Games for the fourth time. The number of gold medals and medals was the best in history.

The 31st Summer Universiade in Chengdu was successfully held.

From July 28th to August 8th, the 31st Summer Universiade was successfully held in Chengdu. The top leaders of president attended the opening ceremony and announced the opening of the Universiade. Chengdu Universiade is the first major international sports event held in China after the 20th Party Congress. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, Sichuan Province and Chengdu City, after a long period of careful preparation, have reached international standards in terms of venue facilities, competition organization and service guarantee, and achieved world-class status. China adheres to the simple, safe and wonderful concept of hosting the Games, and earnestly fulfills its solemn promise, which has won wide acclaim from the families of the General Assembly and the international community. China sports delegation won 103 gold medals and 178 medals, ranking first in the gold medal list and medal list.

The first National Student (Youth) Games was successfully held.

On November 15th, the first National Student (Youth) Games ended in Nanning, Guangxi. The final of this YYWCA lasted more than four months, with 101 delegations and more than 20,000 athletes participating. Six of them surpassed 11 world youth records for 23 times, two of them surpassed 3 Asian records for one team, and one of them surpassed 2 Asian youth records for 8 times, and created a number of national records, national youth records and national youth records in shooting, weightlifting and track and field.

China players have achieved excellent results in many world championships.

In July, at the World Swimming Championships held in Fukuoka, Japan, China ranked first in the gold medal list with 20 gold medals. The China swimming team not only won 5 gold, 3 silver and 8 bronze medals, but also broke records in many events. The China diving team won 12 gold, 4 silver and 3 bronze medals, and the China swimming team won 3 gold, 1 silver and 1 bronze medals, including two breakthrough gold medals, namely, collective skill self-selection and mixed doubles free self-selection.

In August, in the collective individual final of the World Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships held in Valencia, Spain, China won five individual gold medals with 36.550 points, which was the first time that China Rhythmic Gymnastics Team won the world championship, and achieved historic breakthroughs in many events in the World Championships with 1 gold and 2 silver.

At the 2023 Riyadh World Weightlifting Championship held in September, the China weightlifting team won 20 gold medals, 10 silver medals and 3 bronze medals, and three people broke five world records. Among them, Liu Huanhua won two gold medals in the men’s 102 kg clean and jerk and the total score, and the China men’s weightlifting team won the world championship with a total score of more than 100 kg after 26 years.

China won the Asian Cup again after 12 years.

On July 2nd, local time, in the final of the 2023 FIBA Women’s Basketball Asian Cup in Sydney, Australia, China defeated the Japanese women’s basketball team 73-71 to win the championship. China women’s basketball team won the championship trophy again after 12 years, and ended the Japanese women’s basketball team’s sweep of the championship in the past five events.

China table tennis continues to climb to the top.

On May 21st, 2023 Sudirman Cup World Badminton Mixed Team Championship came to an end in Suzhou Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium, Jiangsu Province. China defeated South Korea 3-0 with a total score, successfully defended its title and won the championship for the third time in a row, which is also the 13th time that China won the cup in the 18th tournament.

On May 28th, local time, the 2023 World Table Tennis Championships ended in Durban, South Africa. China team won all five titles in men’s singles, women’s singles, men’s doubles, women’s doubles and mixed doubles in this World Table Tennis Championships, and achieved a clean sweep again after the Budapest World Table Tennis Championships in 2019.

Ding Liren won the men’s individual world championship in chess.

On April 30th, local time, in the 2023 FIFA World Championship held in Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan, Ding Liren, a China player, defeated Russian player Nepomniach with a total score of 9.5-8.5 after 14 slow chess matches and 4 fast chess matches, becoming the 17th individual world champion in the history of chess. With China’s male chess player crowned the title of world chess king for the first time, the "four-step" goal that China’s chess world has been struggling for 35 years has finally been achieved.

Qieyang Shijie, Su Bingtian and other China players won Olympic medals.

On the evening of October 4th, at the Olympic Sports Center Stadium of the track and field venue of the Hangzhou Asian Games, the Chinese Olympic Committee held an award ceremony to award medals to Qieyang Shijie, Liu Hong and Lv Xiuzhi who won gold, silver and bronze medals in the women’s 20km walk in London Olympic Games and to Tang Xingqiang, Xie Zhenye, Su Bingtian and Wu Zhiqiang who won bronze medals in the men’s 4x100m relay in Tokyo Olympic Games.

Rural sports events are widely concerned.

Since the beginning of this year, rural sports events represented by "village BA" and "village supermarket" have become the focus of people’s attention. At the end of October, the finals of the 2023 National and American Country Basketball Competition ("Village BA") started in Taipan Village, Taijiang County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province. Tens of thousands of spectators came from all over the country to watch the wonderful games and participate in the live interaction. According to statistics, driven by "Village BA", Taijiang County received more than 2 million tourists in one year, and realized tourism income of more than 2.3 billion yuan.

This year, the State Sports General Administration and other departments issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting Sports to Help Rural Revitalization" to support local governments to vigorously develop sports events and boost rural revitalization.

The project "Ode to Chinese Sports Spirit" was launched

On July 7th, the launching ceremony of "Ode to Chinese Sports Spirit" was held in Beijing. The State Sports General Administration launched the project to better carry forward the Chinese sports spirit and help build a sports power. During the Asian Games in Hangzhou, the State Sports General Administration held a series of sports and cultural activities, including "Inheritance-Stories of the Asian Games" interview, "China Sports Culture Exhibition" and excellent sports film screening.

international

Hangzhou Asian Games, Asian Para Games and Chengdu Universiade to Achieve Carbon Neutrality

On December 6th, Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee and Asian Paralympic Games Organizing Committee announced that after accounting, evaluation and certification, Hangzhou Asian Games and Asian Paralympic Games had emitted 882,900 tons of greenhouse gases, used green electricity to reduce greenhouse gases by 22,000 tons, and accepted the carbon offset index of 1,099,900 tons donated by the society, achieving carbon neutrality for the first time in the history of Asian Games and Asian Paralympic Games. On December 22nd, the Report on the Green and Low-carbon Games of Chengdu Universiade was released, announcing that the Chengdu Universiade had achieved 32,000 tons of carbon reduction and carbon neutrality.

The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Olympic Truce Resolution for the Paris Olympic Games.

On November 21st, local time, the 78th UN General Assembly adopted the resolution of Olympic Truce for the 2024 Paris Olympic and Paralympic Games. The president of the Paris Olympic Organizing Committee introduced the Olympic Truce resolution on behalf of the French government, and the President of the International Olympic Committee Bach delivered a speech calling on the General Assembly to adopt the resolution. In the end, the resolution was adopted by an overwhelming majority of 118 votes in favor, 2 abstentions and 0 votes against.

In 2028, the Los Angeles Olympic Games will add five major events, including flag football.

On October 16th, local time, the 141st plenary session of the International Olympic Committee held in Mumbai, India, passed a resolution to add flag football, squash, baseball and softball, cricket and stick tennis as official events of the 2028 Los Angeles Olympic Games. Baseball and softball, cricket and tennis were once Olympic events, while squash and flag football were included in the Olympic events for the first time.

The Women’s World Cup was successfully held in Australia and New Zealand, and Spain won the championship.

On August 20th, local time, the 2023 Women’s World Cup came to an end. This year’s Women’s World Cup was jointly held by Australia and New Zealand, which was the first time in the history of the Women’s World Cup that two countries held it. New Zealand held the opening match and Australia held the final. In the final, Spain beat England 1-0, winning the Women’s World Cup for the first time in its history, becoming the fifth team to win the championship after the United States, Norway, Germany and Japan.

Germany won the men’s basketball World Cup.

On September 10th, local time, in the final of the 2023 Men’s Basketball World Cup held in Manila, Philippines, Germany defeated Serbia 83-77 and won the first men’s basketball World Cup with a record of winning all eight games. In the third-place battle, the United States lost to Canada, ranking fourth, which is also the second consecutive World Cup medals missed by the American men’s basketball team.

The 2030 Men’s Football World Cup is planned to be jointly organized by six countries on three continents.

On October 4th, local time, FIFA held a board video conference at its headquarters in Zurich, Switzerland, announcing that the 2030 Men’s Football World Cup will be jointly organized by six countries on three continents. Morocco, Portugal and Spain will be the main host countries. At the same time, since 2030 coincides with the centenary of the first World Cup, FIFA decided to hold a celebration in Uruguay, the venue of the 1930 World Cup. Uruguay, Argentina and Paraguay will each host a competition at the opening stage of the 2030 World Cup.

Manchester City won the Champions League for the first time and achieved the annual "five crowns"

On June 10th, local time, in the final of the 2022-2023 European Football Champions League held in Istanbul, Turkey, Manchester City of England defeated Inter Milan of Italy 1-0, winning the Champions League for the first time in team history. On December 22nd, local time, Manchester City beat Brazil’s Fluminense 4-0 to win the World Club Cup final. So far, in 2023, Manchester City won the Premier League champion, FA Cup champion, Champions League champion, European Super Cup champion and World Club Cup champion, achieving the annual "five crowns".

Messi won the Golden Globe Award for the eighth time

On October 30, local time, in the 2023 Golden Globe Awards Ceremony held by French Football magazine, Argentine player Messi won the Golden Globe Award for the eighth time, once again setting a new record for the number of times he won the award. This year’s Golden Globe Awards are based on the performance of the 2022-2023 season, during which Messi led the Argentine team to win the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 championship. On February 27th, local time and May 8th, local time this year, Messi also won the FIFA Player of the Year Award and Lawrence Best Male Athlete Award respectively, and his Argentine national men’s soccer team was awarded the Best Team Award.

Djokovic set many records in tennis.

On September 10th, local time, in the men’s singles final of the US Open, Serbian star Djokovic defeated Russian player Medvedev 3-0, won the men’s singles championship of the US Open for the fourth time, and accumulated the number of individual Grand Slam champions to 24, surpassing American star Serena Williams, who won 23 titles, ranking first in the era of solitary open. Djokovic also won the year-end finals and finished the whole season as the world’s number one for the eighth time.

Kiptum set a new world record for men’s marathon.

On October 8, local time, in the Chicago Marathon, Kenyan Kiptum set a new world record for men’s marathon in 2 hours, 0 minutes and 35 seconds and won the championship. This achievement improved the previous record of 2 hours, 1 minute and 9 seconds set by Kenyan star Kipchoge by 34 seconds. Kiptum, 23, became the first marathon runner to break 2 hours and 01 minutes in an official race. (From December 26th, China Sports Daily, 01 edition)

　　Cctv newsAccording to Red Shield Nangang WeChat WeChat official account News, on December 17th, State Administration for Market Regulation, Nangang, Harbin, informed the investigation on the mess of the back kitchen of online celebrity Barbecue Shop: Recently, some netizens posted a short video to reflect the mess of the back kitchen of the "Fancai Xiaochan City Fast Food Restaurant" located at 69 Xingda Road, nangang district. Law enforcement officers from the Catering Department of nangang district Market Supervision Administration and Haxi Market Supervision Administration arrived at the scene at 15:14 on the same day for inspection, and found that the problems in the store were basically consistent with the short video. Law enforcement officers filed an investigation on the spot according to law and issued a notice to correct it. At present, the case is under further investigation. The store has now closed for rectification.

This newspaper (reporter Yan Liwen/photo)The Guiding Opinions on Cultivating Traditional Dominant Food Producing Areas and Local Characteristic Food Industries jointly issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other 11 departments clearly states that by 2025, the development pattern of local characteristic foods with "10 billion leaders, 100 billion clusters and 1 trillion industries" will be basically formed, and a number of national famous local characteristic food brands and typical cases of local characteristic snacks industrialization will be created.

As a representative of food on the tip of the tongue, local specialty snacks have condensed the wisdom of countless working people and are an inexhaustible motive force to promote regional economic development. With the growth of the new generation of consumer groups and the surge of online marketing, local specialties such as snail powder and hot and sour powder have ushered in new development opportunities. As a new force of convenience food, how will it develop more steadily and sustainably in the future?

A few days ago, at the Forum for the Development of Instant Food Industry of the 23rd China Instant Food Conference hosted by chinese institute of food science and technology, the participating experts and business representatives exchanged ideas around the cluster development advantages of local specialty snacks and explored the road to industrialization of local specialty foods.

Youpinzhi innovation special food

In recent years, the continuous growth of convenience foods such as hot and sour powder and snail powder has shaken the pattern of weak flour in the past decades, and these products have injected new vitality into the convenience food industry.

When talking about the development of snail powder, Lu Xiaoli, a professor at Sichuan University, said that the rapid development of Liuzhou snail powder industry is inseparable from the support of national policies, the promotion of local governments, the support of consumers and the vigorous marketing of merchants. Its product structure is not limited to the original model, and it has made great innovations in ingredients and soup packages. At present, there are more than 200 brands of pre-packaged Liuzhou snail powder, and the technical level of the production line integrates mechanization, automation and intelligence, which effectively helps the high-quality development of the industry.

Like snail powder, hot and sour powder is also working hard to improve quality. Dai Guichun, deputy general manager of the Instant Noodles Division of Sichuan Baijia Akuan Food Industry Co., Ltd. said that Baijia Chenji Hot and Sour Powder, as a pioneering representative of convenience fans, is also constantly innovating and developing to meet the growing health needs of consumers. "Jinli Ancient Street" small fresh flour, using a brand-new wet flour technology, produces wet flour with a water content of more than 50%, highly restores the taste of hand-beaten wet flour in restaurants, and makes authentic Sichuan-Chongqing snacks enter thousands of households.

He Jiguo, a professor at the College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering of China Agricultural University, is concerned about the functional convenience market for fans. He said that convenience food has become a part of the staple food of Chinese residents. Consumers have a large intake of staple food and high intake frequency, and its advantages after functionalization are remarkable. Enterprises should pay attention to the use of raw materials in the process of functionalizing convenience foods. The ingredients of food can increase the homology of medicine and food. Considering the adaptability of different combinations, on the basis of strictly observing relevant national laws and regulations, innovative research and development of functional convenience foods can meet the special needs of consumers.

"It is also an innovation for one side to raise one side by soil and water." Colin, manager of convenience food category of Shandong Tianbo Food Ingredients Co., Ltd., said that returning to tradition and focusing on quality are the focus in the industrialization of convenience food. Whether it is instant noodles, boiled noodles or mixed noodles, its essence is to meet the needs of consumers for meal replacement in specific scenes. In recent years, the development of fast food powder is oriented to high-end, regional and restaurant reduction, which also shows that product innovation should focus on people-oriented reduction of catering products, including taste reduction, quality reduction and fireworks reduction, bringing new value to consumers.

Strong cluster to cultivate advantageous industries

Hot and sour powder, snail powder, Regan Noodles, crossing the bridge rice noodles … These special snacks from all over the country are gathering resources, forming industrial clusters and driving local economic development.

As the "Capital of Hot and Sour Powder in China", Tongxu has provided a model for building a local snack industry cluster. Han Zhenqiang, the county magistrate of Tongxu County, Kaifeng City, Henan Province, said that in order to realize the development of hot and sour powder industrial cluster, Tongxu County planned to build a hot and sour powder industrial park with a total area of 2,730 mu, covering hot and sour powder cakes and ingredients processing, production and packaging, cold chain logistics, R&D quality inspection, e-commerce live broadcast and so on. At the same time, with minimal approval, strict constraints, excellent service and extremely fast efficiency, we will provide quality services to the majority of enterprises and continue to empower industrial development.

In Sichuan, all kinds of special foods also gather in groups. Hou Jinglin, Deputy Director of the Management Committee of Tianfu Modern Seed Industry Park in Qionglai City, Sichuan Province, introduced the investment project of green food industry in Qionglai Economic Development Zone. He said that Sichuan Qionglai Economic Development Zone focuses on the development of food and beverage, high-quality liquor and other industries, and strives to build a leading green food and beverage industry base in the west. It is the main bearing place for the development of Chengdu liquor industry and the liquor industry in the metropolitan area, initially forming the development trend of the whole liquor industry chain.

According to Ren Weiwei, executive president of Chengdu Food Industry Association, the emergence of local specialty snack industry clusters is the choice for the development of consumer market. In the future, the development of characteristic industries needs industrial thinking, government support and industry promotion. Enterprises need to have the ability of continuous product innovation and model innovation, open up the market through the marketing method of "online explosion and offline expansion", create a resounding product brand and category brand, realize the leap-forward development of enterprises, and create a trillion-dollar local specialty snack industry market.

Promote development and empower industry iteration

The structure of the convenience food industry has quietly changed, and the products such as instant vermicelli, rice noodles and rice noodles have catered to consumers’ demand for local specialties.

Li Shu, director of the Network Supervision Department of Henan Provincial Market Supervision Administration, believes that the role of digital technology in the industrialization process of local specialty snacks should not be underestimated. Henan is a big food manufacturing province, and it is proposed to speed up the certification of smart workshops and smart chemical plants in the construction of public brands of "Famous American and Henan Products". The growth of the output value of single products such as snail powder and steamed eggs with flour is inseparable from the help of enterprises to analyze and accurately position the market with big data. Industrial digitalization is promoting major changes in production methods and social economy, empowering and vigorously promoting the take-off of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Zhang Yi, founder and CEO of Ai Media Consulting Group, said that the categories represented by Liuzhou snail powder, Chongqing hot and sour powder, Hunan Changde rice noodle, etc., restore and reproduce local food and flavor snacks, which are favored by consumers, and the regionalized features of convenient noodles are increasingly obvious, and new categories and new tastes of convenient noodles with regional characteristics are rapidly hatched. In the future, it will be the trend of product innovation and development for the instant noodle food industry to speed up cooperation with universities and research institutes, dig deep into regional traditional foods and conduct in-depth research on special foods in different regions.

He Yao, the founder of Sichuan Creative Box Brand Marketing Planning Co., Ltd., said that when talking about the innovative planning and three-dimensional marketing of new convenience foods with local characteristics, the R&D propaganda of new categories should clearly state "Who am I", focus on one point and one group of people, and avoid making products that are suitable for any scene and can be eaten and eaten by men, women and children without memory points. In the face of the changing market, only by making the brand itself a "flow" can the brand grow red after the flow "fades".

Liu Haoyu, Deputy Secretary-General of chinese institute of food science and technology, said that with the influx of more and more brands and capital, both the marketing model and product design have subverted the previous forms and easily switched between culture and personality. In the new era, the convenience food industry, as the main force in the field of food industry, the important carrier of rural revitalization and the key support of healthy China, will play an important role in the process of Chinese modernization, and the industrialization process of local specialty food is also an important way for the convenience food industry to meet people’s yearning for a better life.

Consumer Daily, October 12, 2023

　　It takes 23 days from the submission of the application materials to the issuance of the trial by the CSRC. The IPO of Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway") has been experienced in the A-share market with an average initial review period of 9 months and nearly 400 companies waiting in line for listing, which truly shows a "high-speed railway speed".

　　The prospectus published by the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway on October 25, 2019 is 578 pages long, but it has not achieved many disenchantment functions. On the contrary, several "myths" have been added — — For example, there are only 67 employees who are retired, rehired and seconded, and the per capita assets under management are 2.792 billion yuan; More than 50 million train tickets are sold every year, with an average gross profit of 124 yuan per ticket; The company has a long-term loan of more than 20 billion yuan, and the annual interest expense is more than 1 billion yuan, but it is all credit loans without any collateral … …

　　Up to now, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway has been operating safely for more than 8 years, sending 1.1 billion passengers. From the perspective of income, profit and large-scale operation level, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is a well-deserved "golden route". Railways and trains seem to be ordinary means of transportation, but considering their important position in the national economy, many countries in the world have regarded them as the key carriers of economic and political games. In the second half of the 20th century, in order to introduce competition and stimulate development, the railway systems of the United States, Japan, Britain, France, Germany and other countries have experienced long and arduous commercial reforms. In the process of losing its state-owned color, the railway has also produced many innovative operating ideas and commercial products such as "separation of network and transportation" and "Shinkansen".

　　It is not easy to open China railway system with market mechanism. As we all know, in the past, the management and operation of the railway system in China has long concentrated the power of administrative examination and approval, road network and transportation management in the Ministry of Railways. Until around 2000, China started the railway reform, and the Ministry of Railways was divided into the State Railway Administration, which is mainly under administrative supervision, the China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd., which is mainly under the management of several local railway bureaus, and various franchised companies.

　　According to the prospectus, through this IPO, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway hopes to raise up to 50 billion yuan. If the target is achieved, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail will become the sixth largest IPO project in the history of A shares. It is also a phased product of the combination of national will and technological innovation after a long process of exploration, and it bears a crucial mission of China’s railway market-oriented reform: it must be broken in the link of "commercialization verification".

Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail is the most profitable high-speed rail line in China.

　　Double definitions of "golden route"

　　The idea of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway can be traced back to a series of internal discussions in the 1980 s. In 1990, the former Ministry of Railways assembled all the early studies into the "Concept Report of Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Line Scheme", and formally put forward the idea that "China should also build high-speed railway". It was not until April 18, 2008 that the entire Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway was officially started, and it was completed and opened to traffic on June 30, 2011.

　　In the project proposal approved by the State Council in 2006, it was mentioned that the total budget of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway would exceed 160 billion yuan. However, in the feasibility study report released one year later, the construction budget rose to 220.94 billion yuan, equivalent to a cost of 167 million yuan per kilometer. This also makes the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway the infrastructure project with investment scale second only to the Three Gorges Dam since the founding of New China.

　　80% of the lines have to be carried by new viaducts, and the demolition costs involved along the way are the main reasons for the high construction cost of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. The cost of land acquisition and demolition in seven provinces and municipalities directly under the central government across the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway was not confirmed by audit until 2015. According to the contents of the prospectus of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, the total cost of land acquisition and demolition reached 37.099 billion yuan. In addition, according to the prospectus, the construction capital of high-speed railway station reached 1.94 billion yuan.

　　These upfront investments were later directly realized in the form of capital into the shares of provinces and cities along the way in the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway company. At present, in addition to the above-mentioned local shareholders, the other three major shareholders of Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway are China Railway Investment Co., Ltd. (which invested 60.3 billion yuan when it was launched, holding 49.76%), Ping An Asset Management Co., Ltd. (which invested 16 billion yuan when it was launched, holding 11.44%) and National Social Security Fund (which invested 10 billion yuan when it was launched, holding 7.15%).

　　At the initial stage of operation, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is often compared with the "Beijing-Shanghai Express" route invested heavily by Air China, China Eastern Airlines and other airlines, because both of them connect the transportation services of the two most important cities in China. In fact, the difference between them is very obvious — — The Beijing-Shanghai express line is only to realize the rapid direct connection between business travelers in Beijing and Shanghai, and the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail is of great significance to the population flow and regional economy in the areas covered by the site.

　　A working paper (summary paper) published by the World Bank in 2014 also confirms this view — — The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is 1318 kilometers long, but the proportion of passengers who take the whole Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway line from beginning to end is not as high as expected, and the average ride distance is actually about 500 kilometers. If you start from Shanghai, this number can reach Bengbu City in Anhui Province. Starting from Beijing, you can reach Tai ‘an City in Shandong Province.

　　The total population living in provinces and cities along the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway accounts for 27.3% of the national total. The labor force can flow quickly and conveniently, which is conducive to promoting the economic development of provinces and cities along the high-speed rail. In another research report, the World Bank calculated the GDP of Dezhou and Jinan in Shandong Province in 2010, and concluded that the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway boosted the GDP of these two cities by 0.67% to 1.39% and 0.36% to 0.75% respectively in 2015.

　　This may be one of the most intuitive explanation cases of "when a train rings, there are two thousand gold".

　　China version of "separation of network and transportation"

　　A high-speed railway itself is a valuable fixed asset, plus station buildings, electrical equipment, land use rights and a small amount of cash along the line that can be estimated — — These constitute most of the assets of the listed Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail company. The train assets running on this railway belong to the three local railway bureau groups of Shanghai, Jinan and Beijing along the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway.

　　Based on the above division of assets, the relationship between Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Company and railway bureaus along the line is generally a so-called "entrusted transportation" cooperation relationship, that is, the road network company entrusts railway bureaus with trains and workers to complete transportation services. In the transportation industry, this model is called "separation of network and transportation".

　　The idea of "separation of network and transportation" is to separate the railway network infrastructure with resource monopoly from the railway passenger and freight transportation with market competitiveness by setting up their own companies to operate. Its value lies in promoting the maximum utilization of road network resources with the help of increasingly flexible market-oriented passenger and cargo transportation business.

　　Germany is one of the representative countries that implement railway "separation of network and transportation". In addition to the state-owned Deutsche Bahn, there are currently more than 400 private railway operators who can use the German railway network, achieving full competition in the freight and short-distance passenger transport markets.

　　Theoretically, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, as a road network company, has the right to collect the road network service fee from the railway bureau to which the trains operating on the road network belong — — Simple understanding is "toll", but the ticket revenue and the revenue generated by various services on the train belong to several local railway bureaus. In the prospectus, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway directly refers to the local railway bureau as its "customer".

　　This situation is similar to that of long-distance buses running on expressways — — Whether it is empty or full, the highway company will charge the same toll; However, the passenger’s ticket money is handed over to the bus operating company, so what the passenger transport company needs to consider is to improve the attendance rate by improving the service experience, thus driving the continuous growth of ticket revenue.

　　The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway finally implemented a more complicated mode of "separation of network and transportation". As a result, the company not only collected tolls from the local railway bureau, but also had a part of the direct income of train tickets.

　　According to the prospectus, the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Company has signed the Agreement on Train Undertaking of Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway with Shanghai Railway Bureau, Jinan Railway Bureau and Beijing Railway Bureau, and the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway has the service management right of "local trains", so it can obtain the ticket income of these trains.

　　The definition of "local train" by Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway is "a train running on the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway, which starts and ends". Simply explained, the starting station and the terminal station of the train are all stations in a city along the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway, such as Beijing to Nanjing, Jinan to Xuzhou and Tianjin to Shanghai.

　　For the trains on this line, the local railway bureau is the "entrusted service provider" of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway company, and its main income items are the train rental fee and entrusted service management fee paid by the latter (all train service personnel belong to the local railway bureau); At the same time, the local railway bureau does not have to pay "tolls" to the railway bureau.

　　The opposite of "local train" is "cross-line train", which refers to those trains whose starting station or terminal station is not on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, but will pass through (use) a certain section of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. For example, the high-speed trains from Zhengzhou to Nanjing or Beijing to Hangzhou are all over-the-line trains. For cross-line trains, Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Company only participates in the operation as a simple road network operator, and collects "toll" from the local railway bureau to which the train belongs, and all the fare income belongs to the latter.

　　The combined "separation of network and transportation" that "the road network company collects both tickets and tolls" around the operation of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is full of China characteristics. In other words, this is a phased achievement in the long journey of railway reform in China.

　　In fact, along with it, the discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of "separation of network transportation" in the industry has never stopped. On the one hand, this model is recognized, because it faces the intertwined railway operation system from the system. First, it makes a complete cut of "road network resources" and "transportation services". However, it is difficult to see the possibility of introducing other market-oriented railway operation service providers in the short term, so after the above-mentioned cutting, the process reengineering is still implemented among various state-owned companies, which increases the transaction cost and is a negative impact on improving system efficiency.

　　Balanced performance space

　　After the disclosure of the prospectus of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, the outside world marveled at its annual income scale of more than 30 billion yuan. At present, the company’s "local business" and "cross-line business" revenue accounts for basically the same proportion. In the business model, these two parts of income correspond to completely different indicators and models.

　　The income of the "local train" is the fare, and the two indicators that affect the income are the total number of passengers sent and the average fare paid by passengers. However, the prospectus of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway does not directly disclose the average passenger fare, but only discloses the passenger transportation data such as the total number of trains sent, the number of passengers sent, the load factor and the passenger turnover during the reporting period.

　　The main factor that affects the income of "cross-line trains" is the number of trains that purchase services from the road network. According to the prospectus, since the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway line is connected with many high-speed railways such as Jingha, Taiqing and Shanghai-Kunming, and the hub stations along the line are mostly traffic hubs in the eastern region, with the gradual improvement of the high-speed railway network, the corresponding cross-line train income has also increased.

　　Since 2016, the actual controller of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail — — China Railway Corporation, the predecessor of China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd."), has the "pricing power" for high-speed rail, and can implement certain fare fluctuations according to factors such as market competition and passenger flow distribution. In the past few years, although there have been preferential discount tickets for high-speed rail and bullet trains as a whole, the fares of key lines represented by Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail have remained unchanged for many years.

　　A more noteworthy variable is that in recent years, with the introduction of the "Fuxing" train with faster running speed, the opening of long-formed trains that can accommodate more passengers, and the adjustment of the proportion of trains with various formation sizes, the annual total number of passengers sent by trains on this line is steadily increasing, but the daily average number of trains on this line is declining.

　　This idea of small-scale adjustment is believed to continue in the next year or two and become an important variable affecting the company’s revenue and gross profit growth. On the premise that the ticket price is relatively constant, CBN magazine calculated the annual revenue and gross profit growth range of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail in the future. Under optimistic circumstances, it is estimated that the annual growth rate of its revenue will reach 9.34% and the gross profit will increase by 7.55%. Even in a relatively pessimistic situation, the performance can remain stable.

　　The core asset of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway company is the high-speed railway network. Considering the minimum train tracking interval, train speed and other factors, its overall capacity has a theoretical upper limit. In order to maximize the growth of revenue and profit, the company should actually consider how to balance the proportion of local cars and cross-line cars.

　　In the routine inquiry of the CSRC about the prospectus of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, one question is to ask the company to explain whether the second line of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail may form a major horizontal competition relationship with the existing business. As the bidding for related design projects was publicized, the second line of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, which is still in early planning, happened to catch up with the "hot spot" of listing of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail. In order to alleviate the transportation pressure of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, the National Development and Reform Commission announced the development plan of the future high-speed rail in July 2016, and the "Beijing-Shanghai Passage" part involved is the Beijing-Shanghai Second Line. Except the origin and destination stations and Tianjin section are consistent with the current Beijing-Shanghai line, Weifang, Linyi, Huai ‘an, Yangzhou and Nantong on the Beijing-Shanghai second line are all closer to the east coast of China. These two railway lines connecting Beijing and Shanghai will become an important part of the "eight verticals and eight horizontals" long-term planning of China railway network in the future. As more high-speed rail lines are built and merged into the existing network, the utilization rate of the existing Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail line will further increase, but the cost will decrease according to the marginal effect, thus gradually pushing up the gross profit margin.

　　Close to "big profit"

　　In the railway industry, there are so-called "small profits" and "big profits". "Small profit" means that income can offset operating costs, such as labor, energy, depreciation, etc. The "big profit" is based on the investment in railway construction, such as loan interest and principal.

　　Due to the huge construction cost, in addition to the capital invested by the company’s shareholders, high-speed rail projects often rely on a large number of debt financing to fill the gap. When the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway was built, 50% capital and 50% loans and bonds were used to cover the upfront cost of 220 billion yuan. According to the prospectus, as of the end of the third quarter of 2019, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway still has a total of 21.807 billion yuan of long-term loans, of which 1.5 billion yuan will expire within one year; It is estimated that in the whole year of 2019, the company will still have to pay more than 1 billion yuan in interest on the loan.

　　For the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway Company, there is a relatively objective profit margin for ticket and road network revenue. According to the prospectus, the current interest guarantee multiple (editor’s note: earnings before interest and tax’s interest expenditure, which is used to measure the company’s basic ability to repay loans) is 16 times. In addition, the company repaid 7.5 billion yuan of long-term loans in advance in 2016, so it is quite promising to achieve the "big profit" goal of "paying interest and repaying principal".

　　But this is only the result of independent inspection of high-speed rail operating companies. Because of the close cooperation between the high-speed rail operating company and the railway bureau, it is difficult to analyze it independently in daily operation, so the influence of the railway bureau should be considered when investigating the overall operation of the high-speed rail line.

　　The prospectus of the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway also disclosed some operation data of 18 railway bureaus under the jurisdiction of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.. Among the three railway bureaus in Beijing, Jinan and Shanghai involved in the line, in 2018, only the Shanghai Bureau had a profit of 1.7 billion yuan, the Jinan Bureau suffered a slight loss, and the Beijing Bureau had a loss of 6.139 billion yuan. The income and profit level of the specific line were not disclosed. And China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.’s total debt level has stabilized at more than 5 trillion yuan.

　　According to the report "China’s High-speed Railway Development" released by the World Bank in mid-2019, if the overall profitability of the lines composed of "corresponding investment from operating companies and railway bureaus" is investigated, many lines with a design speed of 200-250km/h in China can hardly achieve the operation goal of "small profit" at the initial stage of opening. After the line is opened for 10 years, the principal and interest pressure has been significantly reduced, and more than half of the lines with a design speed of 300 to 350 kilometers per hour can achieve "big profits" at the existing passenger traffic level.

　　Of course, there is also the debt borne by local governments for the introduction of high-speed rail. In order to implement the relevant demolition funds, local governments rely heavily on bank loans in addition to using financial funds, which actually further increases their own burden. In 2018, the Development and Reform Commission issued special guidance to warn individual places of the hidden debt risk under the "high-speed rail effect".

　　In the face of such an overall situation of the industry, as a star company entity with annual profits and dividends, IPO financing of 50 billion yuan and "promoting the reform of railway joint-stock system", the economic value of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is remarkable, but it is impossible to copy it.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the sharp weapon for building an agricultural power lies in science and technology. The Central Rural Work Conference held in December, 2024 emphasized that agricultural scientific and technological forces should work together to tackle key problems, accelerate the large-scale popularization and application of scientific and technological achievements, and develop new agricultural productivity according to local conditions.

　　Beijing has thoroughly implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, solidly promoted the strategy of revitalizing the rural areas in the capital, and made every effort to build the Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center. Recently, it issued the Implementation Plan on Further Enhancing the Role of Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration and Production Service System (hereinafter referred to as the Plan), proposing that in the next three to five years, it will improve the city’s agricultural science and technology and production service system, enhance the service effect and the role of linking agriculture with agriculture, and effectively support the development of urban modern agriculture in the direction of high-end, high efficiency and high radiation. This paper will interpret the objectives, eight actions and the main work of the two platforms.

　　First, focus on pain points, difficulties and precise policies

　　Focusing on the pain points of urban agricultural transformation and upgrading, the plan puts forward the overall goal of "three highs": to achieve a high-end, high-efficiency and high-radiation modern agricultural pattern by improving the technology and production service system. Clear the work objectives for the next 3-5 years:

　　1, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

　　Open up the "last mile" of science and technology entering the village, demonstrate and promote leading scientific and technological achievements, and solve the problem of technology landing.

　　2. The service system is more perfect.

　　Improve the rapid docking mechanism between science and technology service departments and production entities, improve service accuracy, and enhance the service effect of linking agriculture with agriculture.

　　3. The service effect has been significantly improved.

　　Realize the development pattern of high-end, high-efficiency and high-radiation modern agriculture, and help the capital agriculture reduce costs, expand markets and increase benefits.

　　Second, the eight major actions support the development of leading agricultural industries in the capital.

　　In order to achieve the above objectives, the "Proposal" puts forward "eight actions" around the principle of "demand-oriented and application-oriented", integrating resources, optimizing layout and improving efficiency:

　　1. Variety upgrading action

　　Focus on food crops, vegetables, forest fruits and other industrial fields, through "research and development transformation-introduction demonstration-popularization and application", screen high-yield and high-quality varieties and optimize production supporting technologies. Five core demonstration sites will be built to demonstrate more than 20 new varieties, with a promotion area of 24,000 mu, and 20% of the grain planting area will be promoted to realize variety iteration.

　　2, soil improvement and quality improvement action

　　Promote the construction of high-standard farmland, strengthen the improvement of cultivated land quality, demonstrate the application of soil remediation and improvement technology, popularize precision irrigation and fertilization in a large area, and carry out demonstration of comprehensive management technology of saline-alkali land around Tianjin and Hebei. Four core demonstration sites were established, in which the content of soil organic matter increased by 20% and the yield of saline-alkali land increased by more than 5%. More than 30,000 mu of precision irrigation and fertilization technology model will be popularized, and 150,000 mu of high-standard farmland will be built.

　　3, large-scale grain crop yield promotion action

　　Demonstration and popularization of high-yield and high-efficiency technology through the integration of "fertile fields, improved varieties, good opportunities, good methods and good systems" Five core demonstration sites were established, and the yield of wheat and corn in the demonstration sites reached 450 kg and 520 kg respectively. High-yield and high-efficiency technical radiation of wheat and corn has driven the application of large-scale producers to more than 200,000 mu, and the yield level of major grain crops in the city has increased by 1% ~ 1.5% year-on-year.

　　4, vegetable industry promotion action

　　Optimize the layout of vegetable industry, promote the transformation of old facilities and the construction of mechanized and intelligent facilities, optimize the agricultural cultivation mode of facilities, promote high-density planting, improve the level of mechanization and simplification of facilities, and demonstrate the application of production modes such as leafy vegetables and aquaponics. Promote large-scale agricultural machinery and agronomy integration of open-field vegetables, and promote the upgrading of main varieties of open-field vegetables. Five core demonstration sites have been established, and the mechanization rate of facility planting in demonstration sites has reached more than 65% and the informatization rate has reached more than 60%. Transform and build more than 5,000 mu of facilities, and integrate and promote more than 4 high-yield and high-efficiency stubble patterns.

　　5, native products and geographical indications product quality and standardized production promotion action

　　Strengthen standardization, digital production management and cultural and creative brand design, tap regional characteristics and cultural connotations, and enhance product quality and brand added value. Six core demonstration sites have been established, and the key quality indicators of products in the demonstration sites have been improved by more than 5%, and the value-added of products has been improved by more than 5%.

　　6, green low-carbon agriculture promotion action

　　Demonstration and application of fertilizer-saving, medicine-saving and energy-saving technologies, promotion of planting and breeding cycle, and demonstration to create a new model of waste-free production in ecological farms. Popularize green fertilizer control technology, optimize fertilizer structure, improve fertilizer utilization rate, and increase the promotion of green prevention and control technology. Four core demonstration sites have been established, and the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in the demonstration sites has reached more than 43%, and the utilization rate of livestock and poultry wastes has reached more than 95%. The coverage rate of soil testing and formula fertilization technology in the city reached 98%, the utilization rate of fertilizer for main crops reached 43%, and the coverage rate of green prevention and control technology for main crop diseases and insect pests reached 78%.

　　7. Landscape Leisure and Urban Agriculture Promotion Action

　　Demonstrate the creation of horticultural landscape scenes, fishery landscape scenes, balconies, courtyards and other horticultural scenes, screen ornamental horticultural plants, build ecological ditches with both water purification and landscape improvement, and integrate the application and demonstration of corresponding agricultural technologies. Six core demonstration sites will be built to create urban agricultural scenes such as terraced fields in Wenyuhe Park and Rose Avenue in Mentougou.

　　8. Smart Agriculture Promotion Action

　　Integrated application demonstration of "sky and land" integrated smart agriculture technology, using the Internet of Things, intelligent equipment, big data and other means to achieve precise operation and intelligent management, and create demonstration application scenarios such as smart greenhouses, smart fields and smart orchards. Five core demonstration sites will be built, and the informatization rate of planting production in demonstration sites will reach over 40%, the utilization rate of planting water, fertilizer and medicine will be increased by over 20%, the informatization rate of aquaculture production will reach over 70%, and the labor force will be saved by over 20%. By 2030, the city’s agricultural production informatization rate is planned to reach about 50%.

　　Third, the platform empowers to build a new ecosystem of science and technology services

　　The "Program" emphasizes the construction of two platforms, namely, science and technology consulting training and science and technology service management, to provide strong support for agricultural science and technology and production services:

　　1, science and technology consulting training platform

　　Integrate expert resources, strengthen agricultural macro-language model training, provide all-weather technical guidance through AI intelligent consultation, select 4-5 key industrial service targets, demonstrate and promote intelligent consultation service systems, and cultivate 2-3 demonstration models. Strengthen online live training and offline training. It is estimated that there will be 65 online live training sessions with 150,000 person-times, organize quality training for key personnel of grass-roots agricultural extension system, and cultivate more than 700 key personnel of agricultural extension with proficient business and excellent service.

　　2, science and technology service management platform

　　Build a big data platform for agriculture and rural areas in Beijing, realize the digital management of the whole business process, promote the exchange and sharing of relevant data between the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the city, promote the integrated application of cities, districts, towns and villages, and strengthen the application of data governance and data mining. Build a four-level science and technology management platform with service base, demonstration base, expert workstation and comprehensive application scenario to realize the comprehensive management of service network, service data and service evaluation.

　　In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the "Implementation Plan on Further Enhancing the Role of Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration and Production Service System", Beijing Agriculture and Rural Bureau will play the role of overall planning, and join forces with the Municipal Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, universities and urban extension units and enterprises to promote the scientific and technological demonstration work. All promotion units will strengthen horizontal cooperation, realize the promotion of the whole industrial chain, and do their best to do a good job in production and service.

　　The promulgation of the "Program" marks that Beijing’s agricultural science and technology demonstration and production services have entered a new stage of systematization, digitalization and precision. In the next step, Beijing Agriculture and Rural Bureau will fully promote the implementation of the Plan, and ensure that the capital agriculture will achieve its phased goals in 2025 and its long-term goals in 3-5 years through the way of "departmental collaboration+policy integration+demonstration and guidance".

　　Generally speaking, the Implementation Plan on Further Enhancing the Role of Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration and Production Service System is an important measure for Beijing science and technology to promote agricultural modernization. Through systematic work reform and innovation, Beijing will improve the agricultural science and technology and production service system, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, improve service accuracy, support the development of urban modern agriculture, and provide a "Beijing model" for the development of urban modern agriculture in China.

　　CCTV News:The Yangtze River Delta is one of the regions with the most active economic development, the highest degree of openness and the strongest innovation ability in China. The year 2023 marks the 5th anniversary of the integration development of the Yangtze River Delta as a national strategy. In the Outline of Regional Integration Development Plan of the Yangtze River Delta, the strategic orientation of "one pole, three regions and one highland" in the Yangtze River Delta region is clearly put forward.

　　Among them, "one pole" refers to the strong and active growth pole of national development, "three districts" refers to the national high-quality development model area, the first to basically realize modernization and the regional integration development demonstration area, while "one highland" refers to the new highland of reform and opening up in the new era.

　　In the past five years, the Yangtze River Delta region has closely followed the two key words of "integration" and "high quality" and jointly promoted the Outline of the Yangtze River Delta Regional Integration Development Plan from blueprint to reality.

　　The Yangtze River Delta: Integration, Integration and High-quality Development

　　Through a set of data, we can understand the bright "transcripts" handed over by the Yangtze River Delta in the past five years.

　　According to the statistics of Shanghai Customs, 1-mdash in 2023; In October, the import and export value of the Yangtze River Delta region reached 12.57 trillion yuan, accounting for 36.6% of the total import and export value in the same period of the country, and the scale of foreign trade reached a new high.

　　In the past five years, in this 358,000-square-kilometer land, 236 million people have stirred up the "strongest sound wave" of China’s economy. The data shows that in 2022, the regional GDP of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta will exceed 100 billion. Among them, Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Wuxi, Nantong and Hefei are already "trillion cities" with regional GDP, and Shanghai ranks first in the country with more than 4.4 trillion yuan.

　　In the first three quarters of 2023, the regional economic aggregate of the Yangtze River Delta reached 22 trillion yuan, creating nearly a quarter of the national economic aggregate with 4% land area and nearly 17% population.

　　In the past five years, the relationship between the "half-hour living circle", "one-hour commuting circle", "24-hour postal circle" and "Yangtze River Delta people" has become increasingly close.

　　New energy vehicles polish the "golden signboard" in the highland of automobile industry

　　From innovation chain to the industrial chain, in the past five years, Shanghai has played a leading role, and Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui have made full use of their strengths and complementary advantages to build a world-class industrial cluster and jointly form a new pattern of industrial cooperation and integration.

　　Speaking of the Yangtze River Delta region, I have to mention the automobile, which is also the industrial highland of China automobile. Nowadays, new energy vehicles have become the "golden signboard" here.

　　According to the data of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in the first three quarters of 2023, the output of new energy vehicles in China reached 6.313 million. Among them, the output of new energy vehicles in the Yangtze River Delta region exceeded 2.6 million, accounting for over 40% of the national output in the same period. This means that an average of less than 10 seconds, there is a new energy vehicle in the Yangtze River Delta region off the production line. Behind this, how do automobile manufacturers in the Yangtze River Delta cooperate with each other?

　　The "four-hour industrial circle" of new energy vehicles has gradually taken shape.

　　On December 4th, at the largest automobile export terminal in China — — At haitong international Bus Terminal in Waigaoqiao Port Area, 3,424 domestic cars are ready to be sent to Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar and other countries that jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative.

　　The Yangtze River Delta not only has the largest automobile export port in China, but also has covered the entire ecological chain of smart automobile parts such as power batteries, on-board chips and autonomous driving systems through the coordinated development of industrial clusters. An automobile factory can solve the supply of all supporting parts within 4 hours’ drive from the Yangtze River Delta.

　　This is an industry-leading intelligent driving computing solution provider, and it is the first enterprise in China to complete mass production of in-vehicle smart chips. What technicians are showing us is the application of high-order automatic driving system for electric vehicles.

　　Nowadays, in the Yangtze River Delta region, a large number of high-tech enterprises with different types of chip design, such as control, sensing, communication, driving and storage, have been collected. With the active promotion of the integration of the Yangtze River Delta, the new force of car-making in the Yangtze River Delta is developing vigorously, and it is moving at full speed towards a higher-level electric and intelligent car.

　　One out of every 10 new energy vehicles in the world is equipped with Changzhou batteries.

　　The car chips and software provided by Shanghai constitute the "brain" of the car, while Changzhou, Jiangsu and Ningbo, Zhejiang, which are about 200 kilometers west and south from Shanghai respectively, provide the "heart" and "body" for new energy vehicles.

　　This enterprise, which produces power batteries, moved from other cities in China to Changzhou, Jiangsu five years ago. The five years of the Yangtze River Delta integration strategy is also the five years of rapid development of this new energy enterprise.

　　Jintan District, Changzhou City, where Honeycomb Energy is located, is one of the longest and most comprehensive areas of photovoltaic new energy industry chain in the Yangtze River Delta. Among the top 5 domestic power battery installed capacity enterprises, 4 are in Changzhou. There are 32 main links in power battery production, and Changzhou covers 31 of them, and the integrity of the industrial chain is as high as 97%. Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, in 2022, the production and sales of power batteries accounted for one-fifth of the country.

　　Changzhou, Jiangsu Province provides the "heart" of new energy vehicles — — Power battery, and Ningbo, Zhejiang, which is more than 200 kilometers south of Shanghai, provides an integrated die-casting mold for the car body. Beilun District, Ningbo City, which is within the "4-hour industrial circle", is one of the largest production centers of die-casting molds and die-casting products in China. For every 10 cars produced in China, almost 6 will use the production molds in Ningbo.

　　With the technological innovation, the production mold developed by the enterprise has realized the three-in-one one-time die casting of the motor, gearbox and electronic control device shell of the new energy vehicle, and it only takes 1 minute to produce a set of shell. While saving production time, it also saves thousands of assembly parts and reduces the cost by 25%— 30%, to help enterprises further reduce costs and increase efficiency. At present, Beilun District of Ningbo has gathered more than 110 enterprises that regulate automobiles and key parts, and the industrial output value has exceeded 100 billion yuan last year.

　　One out of every four cars exported nationwide is "made in Anhui"

　　According to the data of China Automobile Industry Association and General Administration of Customs, China’s automobile production and sales volume is the first in the world, and its export volume is the first in the world. In the first three quarters of 2023, the country exported 3.388 million cars. Among them, Anhui Province exported 822,000 cars, and one out of every four cars exported nationwide was "Made in Anhui".

　　This achievement is due to the local encouragement of superior vehicle companies and parts companies in Anhui to build and share overseas service systems, international logistics systems and supply chain systems, accelerate the popularization and application of new energy vehicles and boost the consumption of new energy vehicles.

　　Zhao Yu Jie, from Hangzhou, is discussing with Chery’s engineers how to improve the reservation function of car air conditioner. Zhao Yu Jie’s company is a high-tech enterprise focusing on intelligent networked automotive communication products and services. Thanks to the integration development of the Yangtze River Delta, this automobile service provider directly sent personnel to work in Wuhu, Anhui. Do research and development upstairs, and then directly verify it in the workshop downstairs to realize agile management and rapid response.

　　The promotion of the integrated development strategy of the Yangtze River Delta not only promotes the high-quality development of the industrial chain, but also makes the manufacturing enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta run out of "acceleration".

　　According to the latest data, in November 2023, Chery Automobile sold 212,000 vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 111%, a record high, and its products have covered more than 80 countries and regions around the world.

　　According to the statistics of Hefei Customs, 1-mdash in 2023; In October, Anhui Province exported 20,000 electric manned vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 93%. Anhui, which regards the automobile industry as the "first industry", has been promoted by the integrated development strategy of the Yangtze River Delta, and the international competitiveness of the new energy automobile industry has been continuously improved.

　　Take advantage of the integration of Yangtze River Delta to build a powerful automobile country

　　During the five years when the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta has become a national strategy, the industrial chain of new energy vehicles has gradually gathered and developed rapidly in the Yangtze River Delta, and the new quality productivity has also accelerated. To develop the new energy automobile industry, the three provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta should seize the opportunity of automobile electrification, intelligence and networking, promote the high-quality development of the new energy automobile industry under the impetus of the integration strategy, and help China move from a big automobile country to a powerful automobile country.

　　 BMW’s new generation concept car came to China for the first time, the new pure electric BMW i4 and new BMW M4 were released, the new BMW4 series coupe and convertible coupe came on the market, MINI’s first pure electric crossover model MINI Aceman made its world debut, the new electric MINI Cooper made its official debut in China, and the BMW X family and large and medium-sized luxury arrays composed of BMW7 series, 5 series and 3 series all appeared …

　　At the 2024 Beijing Auto Show, which is a weather vane for the global automobile industry, BMW Group, as a global leader in luxury cars, fully demonstrated its all-out smart luxury future travel. At the press conference, BMW Group executives staged "Chinese simulcast" in turn, reaffirming their long-term confidence and commitment to the China market, and sketching out BMW’s vision of future luxury travel driven by innovation.

　　"BMW has never stopped innovating and constantly optimized various driving technologies, not only to protect the environment, but also to ensure that the diversified needs of customers are met. Through the new generation of vehicles, we expect to show the system implementation of the three core areas of the automobile industry in the future-electric, clear focus, sustainability and full digitalization. This also means that BMW will fully enter the future in three dimensions: design, technology and concept. " Qi Puce, chairman of BMW Group, said.

　　The mature luxury car market in China is also undergoing reconstruction: digitalization and intelligence have become the focus of competition, and new energy vehicles have become a new consumption trend; At the same time, the younger consumer groups put forward higher requirements for brand experience, and the new power brands have formed an impact on the traditional luxury car market structure.

　　Facing the challenge of electrification and intelligent transformation, BMW Group continues to optimize and upgrade its traditional business on the one hand, and increases its investment in research and development in the fields of new energy and intelligence on the other hand, and regards the new generation of vehicles as the answer to open up changes and face challenges directly.

　　"China is one of the most important strategic markets of the BMW Group. We will continue to invest in China, continuously expand our layout in China and support the sustainable and high-quality development of China." Chip said.

　　Facing the increasingly fierce competitive environment, with firm strategic determination, system capability and competitive products, BMW Group is expected to maintain its leading edge.

　　Mr. Qi Puze, Chairman of BMW Group, rejuvenated the new BMW4 Series family and consolidated its position as a luxury leader.

　　Under the wave of electrification, intelligence and digitalization, product competitiveness is still the magic weapon for car companies to win.

　　In the era of fuel vehicles, BMW successfully made the trait and label of "sports" deeply rooted in people’s hearts, and took pure driving pleasure as a unique personality label. Even in the era of smart electric, BMW still provides users with pure driving pleasure.

　　At this Beijing Auto Show, the new pure electric BMW i4 was launched in the world. As the first pure electric four-door coupe of BMW brand, the new pure electric BMW i4 inherits the sports genes of BMW brand, perfectly integrates coupe aesthetics with pure driving interest, and sets a new benchmark for luxury brands in electric driving.

　　The new pure electric BMW i4, which goes with the trend and starts strongly, continues the style of the current model as a whole in design. The upgraded BMW kidney grille highlights the design aesthetics and sportsmanship. The low-center-of-gravity model structure combined with the fifth-generation BMW eDrive electric drive technology makes it have excellent driving pleasure.

　　The dual evolution of face value and driving interest will continue to write the sales legend of BMW i4. It is worth mentioning that, since BMW i4 came out in 2021, it has pioneered the pure electric market at the same level with its pure coupe DNA, and won the favor of many young users. According to the data, the average age of BMW i4 owners in China is only 32 years old. They lead the trend, pursue individuality and have opinions. BMW i4 fully meets all their expectations for a luxury pure electric coupe with real sports genes. In 2023, the total sales volume of pure electric BMW i4 exceeded 80,000, making it one of the best-selling pure electric vehicles in BMW.

　　In addition to the new pure electric BMW i4, the new BMW4 series coupe and convertible coupe have also come into being. The new BMW M4 features the same laser taillights, two new paints of York Corner Green and Flame Red, and M-carbon fiber trim strips, and many other luxury configurations are applied to the BMW4 Series for the first time. The whole system comes standard with the front sports seats with advanced technology Sensatec synthetic leather and the M-sports multifunctional leather steering wheel with flat design, which further enhances the luxury sports experience.

　　The new BMW4 Series coupe and convertible coupe are equipped with BMW’s latest 2.0T engine, and with the 8AT gearbox, abundant power is on the verge. The use of customized support components and high-strength steel can enhance the rigidity of the car body and effectively improve the flexibility, accuracy and cornering limit performance of the vehicle. The precisely adjusted chassis makes the vehicle’s control experience like flowing water. Innovative hydraulic rebound damping technology (HRS) and hydraulic compression damping technology (HCS) perform their respective functions in the front and rear suspension, achieving an effective balance between sports performance and long-distance travel comfort. The variable sports steering system flexibly responds to the steering demand at different vehicle speeds with variable steering ratio, and realizes more direct, agile and flexible steering operation. The perfect load distribution of 50:50 front and rear and the optimized aerodynamic design further improve the handling performance.

　　In fact, since the launch of the current BMW4 Series in 2020, the global cumulative sales volume has reached nearly 400,000 units, which has become an important component of the BMW medium-sized luxury car market segment. In 2023, the BMW4 Series family was firmly in the head camp of the luxury medium-sized coupe market segment, and the rejuvenation of the new BMW4 Series family will undoubtedly continue to consolidate its position as the leader of the 4 Series family.

　　The new BMW4 Series coupe is based in China, and the lineup of multi-electric models responds to the needs of customers in China.

　　At present, the electric vehicle industry in China is developing rapidly, but consumers’ choices are still diverse, which provides new opportunities for the BMW Group to continue to develop in the luxury car market in China.

　　"BMW adheres to the open technology route and lets consumers make choices. What BMW has to do is to provide consumers with the products they need at the right time. There is no such thing as old and new in the industry. No matter what kind of driving method, BMW must let customers enjoy pure driving pleasure. " Zipzer said at the annual financial report meeting.

　　At this year’s auto show, the full lineup of fifteen cars under the two brands of BMW Group appeared, and the BMW new generation concept car led the future models to leap to electric, intelligent and sustainable luxury; MINI Aceman is the world’s first show, taking the lead in applying the industry’s first round OLED display; BMW X family shows the luxury product lineup of the pioneers of SAV sports multi-functional market segment; Large and medium-sized luxury arrays composed of BMW7 series, 5 series and 3 series also appeared on the booth.

　　According to the plan, in 2024, BMW Group will further enrich its product lineup and present more than 20 brand-new and upgraded models of BMW and MINI to China consumers.

　　Compared with some traditional European car companies, which are worried about the growth of new energy market demand and thus slow down the pace of electrification, BMW Group firmly implements its clear strategy in electrification and moves towards the "new generation" of future travel. Zipce revealed that the BMW Group’s goal is to achieve more than 50% of electric vehicle sales by 2030.

　　It is worth mentioning that 2024 marks the 30th anniversary of BMW Group’s entry into China. China is not only the largest single market for BMW in the world, but also an important business ecosystem for the future.

　　The data shows that in 2023, BMW Group delivered more than 2.55 million new cars in the global market, including 375,000 pure electric vehicles, achieving the established goal that the sales of pure electric vehicles accounted for about 15% of the total sales of the Group. Among them, in China, the single market with the highest electrification penetration rate, BMW Group delivered more than 820,000 BMW and MINI brand cars, including nearly 100,000 pure BMW electric vehicles.

　　It is worth mentioning that Tsipce’s two visits to China this month also highlight the BMW Group’s attention and confidence in the China market.

　　Tsipce pointed out that in the past 30 years, BMW Group has always adhered to the principle of "home in China", not only committed to making sustained contributions to China’s economic growth, but also deeply participated in technological innovation and social and cultural development. At present, it is even more necessary to strengthen international cooperation, promote smooth trade, and achieve growth, prosperity and employment expansion.

　　BMW always believes that cooperation creates prosperity and growth, and the successful development of BMW Group in China is a model of long-term win-win cooperation between Germany and China. Transnational cooperation should become a key force to meet current and future challenges.

　　Xinchun electric BMW i4

　　BMW is upgrading its R&D strength in China in an all-round way, with better R&D in China to meet the needs of China and enhance BMW’s core competitiveness in the world. At present, BMW has established the largest and most complete R&D system outside Germany in China, with its R&D and innovation bases in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang and Nanjing.

　　Based on its firm confidence and commitment to the China market, BMW Group continues to invest in China and expand its business layout in China. On April 26th, BMW Group announced that it plans to invest 20 billion yuan in Shenyang production base. This investment focuses on the large-scale upgrade and technological innovation of Dadong factory, the birthplace of BMW production in China, which lays the foundation for the localization of BMW’s "new generation" models in 2026.

　　It is understood that the "new generation" of BMW Group is not just a car, but the beginning of the new product series of the next generation BMW. The "new generation" model will be made in China in 2026. The total investment of the project of the sixth-generation power battery supporting the "new generation" vehicles reaches 10 billion yuan. The main building of this project was fully completed in Shenyang last November, and it is planned to complete the equipment installation within this year, and it will be officially put into use in 2026.

　　"Our’ new generation’ undoubtedly marks the largest investment in the history of BMW Group, and indicates a new era of personal intelligent travel driven by innovation and technology. The new RMB 20 billion investment plan announced today further highlights China’s core position in the future of BMW Group towards intelligent networked vehicles (ICV). " Chip said.

　　In the future, BMW Group will continue to base itself on China, constantly enhance the strategic position of China market in its future development, and help the high-quality development of China automobile industry with continuous product and technological innovation.

　　■ Wang Jiangming

　　"Homogeneous comparability" is an important principle followed in the statistical investigation of PPI, CPI and HPI in China at present, and it is the basis for comparability between the price in the reporting period and the price in the base period. With the development of economy and society, the needs of the masses are more abundant and diverse, and the principle of "homogeneity and comparability" is also facing more challenges in practice. Under the background of the continuous updating of information technology and the continuous advancement of statistical modernization reform, how to make full use of big data, expand the sources of price statistics data, improve the system and methods of price statistics, keep pace with the times and improve the practical operability of the principle of homogeneity and comparability and the accuracy of price comparison is testing the wisdom of all parties.

　　First, the homogeneity of price statistics is facing the "difficulty" of practice.

　　At present, China’s more concerned price indexes mainly include industrial producer price index (PPI), consumer price index (CPI) and residential sales price index (HPI). All the above price indexes are "pure price indexes", that is, the price index only reflects the market price changes caused by the changes in market supply and demand and the purchasing power of money, and is a relative quantitative index reflecting the trend and degree of price level changes in different periods. This requires eliminating non-price factors such as quality, appearance, production and supply in the statistical process to achieve "homogeneity and comparability". According to the feedback from the front-line work of price statistical investigation, the practical operability of "homogeneous comparability" will become weaker and weaker if the traditional price statistical investigation method is simply adopted, and it will be difficult to match with the ever-changing social development. If it is not optimized, it will inevitably affect the credibility of statistical investigation.

　　(A) the lack of some prices affects "homogeneity and comparability".

　　1. The price of the previous period in HPI survey cannot be obtained. At present, the sales price surveys of newly-built houses in 70 large and medium-sized cities in China are all comprehensive surveys, and the basic data directly use the online signing and filing data of local real estate authorities, including the project name, project address, building number, total floor number, floor number, residential structure, total transaction price, construction area, signing time, administrative division, etc. The authenticity and reliability of the basic data are guaranteed. However, the previous period prices of newly-opened projects and intermittent sales projects in the online signing record data are naturally missing, so it is necessary to supplement the previous period prices when calculating the price index, which requires a higher method, and there are certain subjective factors and estimation errors when the big data information is not fully utilized.

　　2. Some conditions in PPI survey have changed. According to the existing system, the price survey of industrial producers is carried out monthly, and the "representative enterprises" regularly submit the price of "representative products". The report submitted by the enterprise includes the unit price in the reporting period and the average unit price in the last month. The unit price in the product reporting period is the simple arithmetic average of the unit prices taken twice on the 5th and 20th of the reporting month. In the front-line work of PPI survey, all localities try their best to choose products with great influence on the national economy and people’s livelihood, stable production, development prospects and local characteristics, that is, "representative products", but there are many categories of PPI survey. Taking the ex-factory price survey of industrial producers as an example, industrial products of 41 industrial categories, 207 industrial categories and 666 industrial categories were investigated and divided into 1310 basic categories. In practice, it is difficult to ensure that the same product of the same enterprise has a completely homogeneous sales record in the reporting month and last month. Even if the same product of the same enterprise is oriented to different customers, the price is different. For example, when the customer’s credit is good, the cooperation time is long or the order quantity is large, the price is often lower. The above situation can be regarded as the lack of the price of a "representative product" at a certain price acquisition point, and the price needs to be filled after removing the non-price change factors. Under the current traditional way of not using big data, this work is mainly done manually by enterprise statisticians. However, due to the limitations of professional knowledge, work experience, market judgment and other conditions, enterprise statisticians have different understandings of "homogeneity and comparability", which may affect the accuracy of price surveys.

　　(B) the special attributes of products affect "homogeneity and comparability".

　　1. The heterogeneity of residential products is outstanding. In HPI survey, it is difficult to follow the principle of homogeneity and comparability in price statistics of both newly-built commercial houses and second-hand houses. As we all know, as a special commodity, it is difficult to achieve absolute consistency in specifications, models and sizes like other commodities. There are differences in geographical location, supporting facilities and residential environment between the two different houses. Comparatively speaking, the heterogeneity of second-hand houses is more prominent, even if they are located in the same residential area, there are great differences in building location, specific floors, unit orientation, building depreciation, interior decoration and other qualities.

　　2. Some categories are frequently updated. Clothing products in CPI and electronic products in PPI survey all have the phenomenon of rapid update. At present, the CPI survey is mainly conducted by hand-held data collector, and the survey is conducted directly by means of fixed person, fixed point and timing. Clothing products pay more attention to fashion, and the clothing of the same brand has changeable characteristics in style design, fabric selection, color matching, etc. In addition, clothing products are seasonal and generally have a short life cycle, so it is often difficult to collect sustained and stable prices under the conditions of fixed person, fixed point and timing. PPI survey also stipulates that when selecting representative products, products with relatively stable production should be selected. "Once selected as representative products, it is necessary to continuously investigate for a period of time." When products are included in statistics, they are often in a relatively stable price stage, which easily leads to underestimation of the price index. This is also one of the important reasons why the ex-factory price index of clothing products in CPI and communication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries in PPI has been "overcast" for many years, which has a certain gap with the actual feelings of the people.

　　(3) The impact of big data indirectly affects "homogeneity and comparability".

　　In the era of big data, a huge amount of information is generated, and people have more ways, wider channels and richer channels to obtain information, which also poses a great challenge to the traditional government statistical system. At present, there are many institutions or enterprises that publish various price indices in the society, with diverse data sources and different calculation methods. There is also a certain gap between the indices of each period and the data officially published by the National Bureau of Statistics. Most people don’t know or understand the principle of "homogeneity and comparability" in government price statistics. They simply judge by subjective feelings and question the government statistics. In this case, if we can’t do a good job of network public opinion monitoring and interpretation quickly, it will inevitably weaken the authority and credibility of government statistics. Take CPI as an example. A few years ago, some enterprises published the online shopping price index, and some researchers used it to evaluate the CPI released by the National Bureau of Statistics every month, believing that there was a calculation error in the CPI data. In fact, the company’s price index is only calculated by the transaction data of its e-commerce platform, which is far from the full sample requirements. Another example is the house price index. The National Bureau of Statistics officially released the sales price index of commercial housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities. At the same time, we can also see the relevant price indexes released by different institutions on the Internet platform. Except for the National Bureau of Statistics, the house price indexes of other institutions are mostly calculated based on the average prices of transaction samples in various cities, without distinguishing different apartment structures or fully considering "homogeneity and comparability", so there are bound to be differences with official statistics.

　　Second, government statistics share the "machine" of big data development

　　For government statistical work, big data is data, methods and their technical integration that are processed and mined at high speed with modern information technology and architecture, and have high application Value and decision support function. Generally speaking, it has the characteristics of "multi-V", that is, huge data Volume, Variety of data types, fast processing speed, great application value and authenticity. It is undeniable that big data provides unprecedented conditions and opportunities for the information reform of government statistical source data and macroeconomic measurement. Due to the wide range of sample collection and high statistical frequency, price statistics has become one of the most significant areas directly affected by big data. The exploration of using big data to improve price statistical surveys such as CPI, PPI and HPI is on the way, and the dilemma of "homogeneous comparability" in practice is expected to be continuously alleviated and even effectively solved.

　　(1) The application of big data to price statistics is one of the important contents of promoting the reform of statistical modernization.

　　In 2020, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee made a major deployment to promote the reform of statistical modernization. In 2021, the National Bureau of Statistics formulated the Reform Plan of Statistical Modernization in the Tenth Five-Year Plan period in order to build a modern statistical investigation system suited to the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, pointing out that "a new round of scientific and technological revolution has developed in depth, which has provided a strong impetus for improving statistical productivity, changing statistical production methods and reshaping statistical production relations", and at the same time, it has also seen that the digital transformation of statistical work is lagging behind, and put forward "improving and perfecting price statistics" and "promoting the application of departmental statistical data" In the same year, the "Work Plan for Big Data Application of National Bureau of Statistics (2021)" was issued, which clearly stated that it was necessary to "play the role of big data in expanding data sources, improving the efficiency of statistical investigation, improving the quality of statistical data, and achieving new breakthroughs in the statistical application of big data." It can be seen that the government level has fully understood the historical opportunities and important challenges brought by big data to government statistics.

　　(2) The application of big data to price statistics has been cutting-edge research.

　　Foreign scholars have studied the application of big data in the field of price statistics earlier. In 1993, Diewr proposed that scanning data could be used in the compilation of price index, thus reducing the substitution deviation and new product deviation in the compilation of price index. In recent years, some domestic experts, scholars and statisticians have also put forward pertinent opinions from various angles. He Qiang (2015) said that the future application of big data in China government statistics should be based on the wide application of big data, especially cloud computing, and establish a data quality evaluation mechanism of big data to create a more scientific and informative "second track" of government statistics data sources. Xie Zuozheng and Wang Kelin (2016) suggested using e-commerce data, scanning data and other data sources to realize the overall grasp of industrial product structure and ex-factory price. Dong Qian (2017) combined the characteristics of the characteristic price method and the repeated transaction method, compiled the second-hand housing price index through the repeated characteristic "R-H" transaction method, and selected different matching spaces to achieve maximum homogeneity and comparability under the existing data conditions. Yu Fangdong (2018) believes that the compilation of CPI based on online data is different from the traditional sampling statistical theory and method in terms of product matching, comparability and index compilation method, and new theories and methods need to be created.

　　(3) The application of big data to price statistics has been explored in practice.

　　Abroad, Australian Bureau of Statistics, American Bureau of Labor Statistics, Statistics New Zealand, etc. have formally used scanning data to compile their own CPI. In recent years, China’s statistical departments have taken the lead in the development and utilization of big data in government agencies, and steadily promoted the research and application of big data in government statistics in accordance with the core application ideas of "overall design, leading research, easy before difficult, and professional breakthrough". As early as 2014, the National Bureau of Statistics signed a big data strategic cooperation framework agreement with six companies including Tencent, and carried out substantive cooperation in the fields of public opinion monitoring and house price statistics. In recent years, the system and methods of price statistics have been constantly improved and updated. In terms of CPI survey, in December 2020, in order to meet the requirements of big data and informatization for price survey, the Urban Department of the National Bureau of Statistics formulated and issued the Measures for the Application and Management of Scanning Data, which set clear requirements for the national CPI survey professional norms to apply scanning data to price collection, and encouraged all provinces and cities to actively carry out pilot work in cities and counties with mature conditions. Taking Fujian Province as an example, the Fujian Investigation Corps of the National Bureau of Statistics has carried out pilot work in 17 investigation outlets in 8 cities and counties in the province, and the form of "coexistence of old and new" has been taken as an important supplement to the traditional pricing method.

　　Third, using big data to improve the "road" of price statistics homogeneity and comparability

　　As mentioned above, there have been many researches and practical explorations on the application of big data in price statistics at home and abroad, but there are not many achievements in the specific research on the homogeneity and comparability of price statistics. The author tries to combine some research achievements at home and abroad and the first-line practical experience of price statistics, and puts forward some path ideas for solving the practical problems of homogeneity and comparability of price statistics by using big data for reference.

　　(1) Follow the principle.

　　1. The principle of bold exploration and long-term gradual progress. "Homogeneous comparability" has always been a key and difficult issue in the practice of price statistics. It is obviously impossible to find the optimal solution by relying solely on traditional survey methods, and big data has opened up a new data source for price statistics with its advantages of high frequency, fine granularity and diversification. Under the wave of the new era, only by boldly exploring and promoting in-depth cooperation between statistical departments and social institutions and big data enterprises in accordance with the path of "complementary advantages, mutual benefit and win-win, data orientation and gradual progress" can big data become an important supplementary source of price statistics. At the same time, however, at this stage, China’s use of big data to alleviate the dilemma of "homogeneity and comparability" of price statistics in practice has difficulties in data acquisition and quality assurance, as well as bottlenecks in technology and methods, which can not completely replace the traditional survey methods for the time being, and can only be used as a useful supplement to the existing methods. Using big data to optimize the homogeneity and comparability of price statistics should be a long-term and gradual process, which requires repeated experiments and research. It is necessary to prevent "big data arrogance" and avoid damaging the science and rigor of government price statistics due to rashness.

　　2. The principle of security, confidentiality and continuous stability. The Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China clearly stipulates that the objects of statistical investigation must "provide true, accurate, complete and timely information needed for statistical investigation", and also requires "statistical institutions and statisticians to keep confidential the state secrets, business secrets and personal information they know in their statistical work." The use of big data is beneficial to alleviate the problem of "homogeneity and comparability" in price statistics. However, big data has a wide range of sources, and it often needs the help of private enterprises and institutions outside government departments to implement applications. Enterprises pay attention to commercial interests, which is different from the purpose of government departments to serve the public. Therefore, in the process of data cooperation, how to prevent potential leakage risks and security risks becomes the key, and a complete legal system needs to be established to regulate them. In addition, the characteristics of CPI, PPI, HPI and other price statistics require the samples to be as stable as possible for a certain period of time. If Internet companies and data asset companies engaged in data cooperation fail to survive for a long time, it will inevitably affect the continuity of price statistics. Therefore, it is an indispensable and important principle to ensure the continuous stability of data acquisition channels.

　　(2) Expand data collection methods.

　　1. Make full use of electronic scanning data. Electronic scanning data is to scan the EAN code of goods in sales outlets through scanning equipment to obtain product feature information such as product name, product number and product model. When trading, the electronic processing system of retailers can also record relevant retail outlets and types, prices, trading quantity, trading time and other information.

　　The advantages of this acquisition method are as follows: first, the discrete price data of "fixed person, fixed point and timing" are replaced by high-frequency continuous scanning data to eliminate the deviation of discrete data; The second is to replace manual data with information data to avoid the measurement error of manual price collection and the burden of answering questions at price collection outlets; Third, product update information is more accurate, and it is more timely to include statistics. More comprehensive scanning data can provide more support for CPI survey to achieve "homogeneous comparability" accurately.

　　The shortcomings of this collection method are as follows: first, the application field is relatively limited, mainly used in CPI survey, and can not be used more in PPI, HPI and other price surveys; Second, the requirements for outlets are high, and the survey outlets need to have a complete database system. Large shopping malls, supermarkets, hospitals, etc. can facilitate the collection of scanning data, but the grounded farmers’ markets and small shops are difficult to obtain due to equipment restrictions; Third, it is difficult to maintain data. Compared with other countries that have adopted electronic scanning data in the world, China has a vast territory, strong regional color, obvious differences in regional development and price level, and many chain enterprises in the consumer market. Statistics departments need more enterprises to effectively cooperate in scanning data collection, which greatly increases the difficulty of data collection and data security.

　　At present, this method has been piloted in some conditional areas in China, but only in the form of "coexistence of old and new" is used as a reference for compiling price index. When the conditions are ripe in the later stage, we can consider gradually weighting the electronic scanning data and the traditional "three-fixed-straight" price acquisition data to calculate CPI.

　　2. Appropriate use of the network to capture data. Network crawling data refers to a collection of data that is partially targeted, professional and accurate by using Internet search engine technology and classified according to certain rules and screening criteria, also known as network crawling data.

　　The advantages of this collection method are as follows: first, the data source is rich, which can greatly increase the sample size of the basket of goods and services. Combined with the specific index compilation method, it can effectively solve the problem that the price of the reported month or last month is missing and cannot be "homogeneous and comparable" in price statistics such as HPI and PPI; Second, the acquisition frequency is high, and the compilation frequency of price index can be increased from monthly to semi-monthly, weekly or even daily, so as to improve the timeliness of price data release and better serve the public and decision-making; The third is to reduce the labor cost of the survey, use Internet technology to capture the price data, cross the geographical and time constraints, and greatly reduce the price collection burden of statisticians, survey enterprises and auxiliary investigators in grass-roots units.

　　The shortcomings of this collection method are as follows: first, it has great technical influence. For example, due to website changes and interception technical factors, the data captured by the network may be interrupted, repeated and incomplete, so it is necessary to continuously improve the capture technology to improve its stability; Second, the samples are not stable enough, and the products captured by the network are updated faster than those in the traditional collection mode. If the current index calculation method is still used, it is difficult to match effectively; Third, it is difficult to identify the transaction price. No matter whether it is online shopping platform or house price trading platform, most of the online data are sellers’ quotations or listing prices, and there is still a gap with the actual transaction price. If it cannot be effectively identified, it may affect the true accuracy of the data.

　　At present, Norway, Britain, the Netherlands and other countries have partially used the network to capture data in the process of CPI compilation and made breakthrough progress. In China, the application of online capture data in price statistics is still in the exploratory stage, and it is suggested that it can be piloted in some areas with mature information technology, such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other developed areas of online shopping, giving online capture data a certain weight to compile CPI；; You can also try to compile HPI by using the housing brokerage platform to capture data and POI data derived from geographic information system, combined with repeated transaction method and characteristic price method in developed areas such as Shanghai and Shenzhen.

　　(3) Improve the index compilation method.

　　1. Try to compare the prices of fixed groups. In the new era, with the expansion of data collection methods, we should appropriately break through the constraints of traditional statistical theories and methods in the face of the larger and faster total data in price statistics. Drawing lessons from Belgium, Britain and other countries, this paper compares the prices of relatively homogeneous and comparable products of fixed groups according to the data captured by the network and electronic scanning data, and observes and reflects the price changes of consumers buying homogeneous and similar products. During the comparison period, the product groups are fixed, but the specific products are variable. Under this method, we will calculate the price ratio of the same product group in different periods under the basic classification, rather than the price ratio of specific products. The premise of adopting this method is to cluster a huge number of products with price, to maximize the high homogeneity and similarity of products within the group, to ensure that there is no significant difference between products within the group and to reduce the deviation of price index. At the same time, because of breaking through the traditional framework and changing from "one-to-one" comparison to "group-to-group" comparison, it is necessary to study and explore the index method more suitable for new data sources.

　　2. Promote the practical application of the characteristic price method. Eigenvalue method, also known as Hedonic model method, is a method to homogenize samples by using Eigenvalue model. At present, France, Germany, the Netherlands and other European countries generally use the characteristic price method to calculate the house price index. This method is also applicable to the calculation of price indexes with many categories such as CPI and PPI. The characteristic price method holds that the price is determined by the utility brought to people, and each utility corresponds to a certain characteristic price value. After regression analysis with a large number of actual transaction data, the influence of characteristic change is eliminated item by item from the total price change, that is, the pure price change caused by the relationship between supply and demand and the purchasing power of money is obtained, that is, the "homogeneous and comparable" price change. Hedonic functions are mainly in linear form, semi-logarithmic form, exponential form and double logarithmic form, which can be selected according to specific needs. At present, there are many mature theoretical studies on this method at home and abroad, but the premise of using this method is to have a lot of product price and characteristic information, and the calculation tends to be complicated, which requires high background data processing ability and operator quality, and the specific practice in China is still shallow. Electronic scanning data and network crawling data make it possible to obtain large-scale commodity information, which will inevitably provide more favorable conditions for the implementation of the characteristic price method, making it an important method to optimize the homogeneity and comparability of price statistics at present. It is suggested to try it out in some areas and gradually promote it.

　　(Author: Fujian Investigation Corps of National Bureau of Statistics)

　　On October 29th, 2024, at the event site of Hohhot Station, the alcohol and hydrogen products tasting tour of "alcohol is better than oil province", the alcohol and hydrogen duo "Remote Xingzhi H9M alcohol and hydrogen electric light truck" and "Remote Xinghuan H alcohol and hydrogen electric heavy truck" under the remote new energy commercial vehicle were officially launched. Among them, the remote Xingzhi H9M has three characteristics, namely "intelligence", "excellence" and "completeness". The perfect ADAS intelligent driving assistance function brings greater safety, and the alcohol-hydrogen electric power system brings it a strong endurance of over 1000km, which is a brand-new benchmark for leading the new energy heavy-duty light truck market remotely. On the day of the event, Remote provided the first batch of users of Xingzhi H9M with a six-fold car purchase gift such as "direct cash reduction, zero interest loan and insurance subsidy". The number of orders for alcohol and hydrogen products signed at the event site was 1233, which accelerated the popularization and application of alcohol and hydrogen electric vehicles in the northern region.

　　Alcohol and hydrogen power, green first

　　Alcohol, hydrogen and electric boost the transformation and upgrading of logistics in the northern region

　　On July 31, the central government issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Overall Green Transformation of Economic and Social Development, which systematically deployed the overall green transformation, and methanol filling was clearly included in the green transportation infrastructure construction plan. Inner Mongolia actively responded to the national double carbon strategy and accelerated the optimization of energy structure and the green development of the logistics industry. Compared with traditional fuel, methanol fuel has higher combustion efficiency and lower emissions, which is an ideal choice for commercial vehicles to realize green transformation. Developing alcohol-hydrogen electric vehicles is the best practice to realize the diversification of new energy structure. The arrival of Xingzhi H9M undoubtedly provides a new solution for the energy transformation in Inner Mongolia and the green upgrade of urban distribution logistics.

　　In addition, Xingzhi H9M can also promote the logistics industry in the northern region to reduce costs, increase efficiency and speed up development. The strong adaptability of methanol fuel has created the wide adaptability of alcohol-hydrogen electric light truck in low temperature area, which can effectively make up for the shortcoming that pure electric product batteries are not cold-resistant. Xingzhi H9M is equipped with an intelligent thermal management system integrating alcohol and electricity, which can be started quickly in the extremely low temperature environment of -20℃ to ensure uninterrupted and efficient operation throughout the year. At the same time, the alcohol-hydrogen electric vehicle also has super economy, which can save more than 40% of the fuel cost per kilometer compared with the same level fuel vehicle, and will greatly reduce the operating cost of the logistics industry.

　　Smart and excellent, peace of mind to make money.

　　Remote Xingzhi H9M to Build the "All-round King" of Freight Industry

　　As the leading brand of new energy commercial vehicles, remote new energy commercial vehicles have always been committed to promoting the development of the industry with technological innovation. With advanced intelligent technology, excellent product quality and strong ability to flexibly adapt to the transportation needs of the whole scene, the remote Xingzhi H9M has successfully won enthusiastic response from the guests at the scene. With the three strong product highlights of "intelligence, Excellence and completeness", we will achieve the "all-round king" of the freight industry with safety, Dora, multi-profit and multi-scenarios.

　　Remote Xingzhi H9M cooperates to create a "smart benchmark" in the field of new energy light trucks through powerful intelligent upgrade of software and hardware, and drives the safety leap with technology, so that users can create wealth safely at their fingertips. It is equipped with ADAS 2.0 intelligent driving assistance function, which is an intelligent auxiliary technology to build commercial vehicles remotely with passenger car-level hardware standards. The all-round protection system effectively creates a safer and more secure environment for users to create wealth. Xingzhi H9M will also be fully equipped with remote full-stack self-developed intelligent core three-electric system and liquid-cooled battery, which greatly enhances the cycle life of the battery, and the efficiency of the electric drive system can reach 97.86%, making it an efficient and durable ideal choice for users in the process of creating wealth.

　　According to the specific operational requirements of the new energy light truck user "dorado Earn", Xingzhi H9M has been optimized in many aspects, such as battery life, load bearing and maintenance. In terms of battery life, thanks to the blessing of the alcohol-hydrogen electric new energy technology route, the battery life can exceed 1000km；; On the load bearing, Xingzhi H9M is built on a heavy-duty platform, and equipped with the industry’s first double-gear electric drive bridge, with a peak power of 185kW and a peak wheel end torque of 9000N·m, which doubles the lead in new energy light truck competing products and heavy-duty climbing. The chassis uses long-term maintenance technology, and also provides a long-term warranty commitment for key components of the vehicle. According to statistics, 300,000 kilometers or 8 years can save more than 30,000 yuan.

　　The comprehensive and advanced Xingzhi H9M will fully meet the needs of users to create wealth. It is not only suitable for home decoration, green transportation, cold chain transportation, rice and flour grain and oil, LTL logistics, drinks and other application scenarios with high freight density. With a cruising range of more than 1000km, it can also achieve full coverage of urban distribution, suburban and intercity transportation needs, and it can be called the "all-around king" in the field of new energy light trucks. Once released, the new product stood out from many rigorous competitions such as energy saving, accelerated braking, climbing and wading, and won five awards such as the "All-around Gold Award" in the 9th China New Energy Logistics Vehicle Challenge of NEVC2024.

　　The listing of Remote Xingzhi H9M not only demonstrates the leading position and technological innovation ability of Remote in the field of new energy commercial vehicles, but also deeply empowers the green transformation of logistics economy in the northern region, leading the industry to realize the operational advantage of "saving alcohol than oil, and worry-free remote".